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Arrian
\"Arrian (Flavius Arrianus), of the period ca. AD 95-175, was a Greek historian and philosopher of Nicomedia in Bithynia. Both a Roman and an Athenian citizen, he was governor of the Roman province of Cappadocia 132-137, and repelled an invasion of the Alani in 134. He retired then to Athens (where he was archon in 148-149) and later to Nicomedia. Arrian's Anabasis of Alexander in seven books is the best account we have of Alexander's adult life. Indica, a description of India and of Nearchus's voyage therefrom, was to be a supplement. A student of Epictetus, Arrian took notes at his lectures and published them (in eight books of which we have four, The Discourses) and also the Encheiridion or Manual of Epictetus. Both works are available in the Loeb Epictetus edition.\"--Jacket
Dens Invaginatus: A Comprehensive Review of Classification and Clinical Approaches
Dens invaginatus is a developmental dental anomaly characterized by the infolding of the enamel organ into the dental papilla during early odontogenesis. This process leads to a broad spectrum of anatomical variations, ranging from minor enamel-lined pits confined to the crown to deep invaginations extending through the root, occasionally communicating with periodontal or periapical tissues. The internal complexity of affected teeth presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in severe forms that mimic root canal systems or are associated with pulpal or periapical pathology. Maxillary lateral incisors are most frequently affected, likely due to their unique developmental timeline and morphological susceptibility. Although various classification systems have been proposed, Oehlers’ classification remains the most clinically relevant due to its simplicity and correlation with treatment complexity. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging, especially cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), have revolutionized the identification and classification of these anomalies. CBCT-based adaptations of Oehlers’ classification allow for the precise assessment of invagination extent and pulpal involvement, facilitating improved treatment planning. Contemporary therapeutic strategies now include calcium-silicate-based cement sealing materials, endodontic microsurgery for inaccessible anatomy, and regenerative endodontic procedures for immature teeth with necrotic pulps. Emerging developments in artificial intelligence, genetic research, and tissue engineering promise to further refine diagnostic capabilities and treatment options. Early detection remains critical to prevent complications such as pulpal necrosis or apical disease. A multidisciplinary, image-guided, and patient-centered approach is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes in cases of dens invaginatus.
Journal Article
Family, Culture and Society in the Diary of Constantijn Huygens Jr, Secretary to Stadholder-King William of Orange
Starting with the analysis of the diary kept by Constantijn Huygens Jr in the second half of the 17th century, this book sketches a panoramic view of life among Dutch regents and at the court of William and Mary, including an eyewitness account of the Glorious Revolution, and highlighting themes such as scientific progress, book and art collecting.
eBook
Nanoscale imaging and control of altermagnetism in MnTe
Nanoscale detection and control of the magnetic order underpins a spectrum of condensed-matter research and device functionalities involving magnetism. The key principle involved is the breaking of time-reversal symmetry, which in ferromagnets is generated by an internal magnetization. However, the presence of a net magnetization limits device scalability and compatibility with phases, such as superconductors and topological insulators. Recently, altermagnetism has been proposed as a solution to these restrictions, as it shares the enabling time-reversal-symmetry-breaking characteristic of ferromagnetism, combined with the antiferromagnetic-like vanishing net magnetization
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. Here we demonstrate nanoscale imaging of altermagnetic states from 100-nanometre-scale vortices and domain walls to 10-micrometre
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scale single-domain states in manganese telluride (MnTe)
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Nanoscale imaging and control of altermagnetism in manganese telluride is achieved, paving the way for the experimental realization of the theoretically predicted field of altermagnetism.
Journal Article
Prevalence and distribution of dens invaginatus in the western black sea region of Turkey: a retrospective radiographic study
Dens invaginatus (DI) is a developmental anomaly that complicates endodontic treatment and increases the risk of pulpal pathology. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of DI and to classify the types of DI in a large sample of patients attending the Faculty of Dentistry at Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University between 2022 and 2024. In this retrospective study panoramic and periapical radiographs of 10,000 patients (4588 females, 5412 males) aged 15–65 years were analyzed. Oehlers’ classification was used to categorize DI. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to assess gender differences and DI classification distribution. DI was detected in 707 patients (7.07%), involving 731 teeth. Females had a higher DI prevalence (7.7%) compared to males (6.5%) (
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= 0.017). Type I DI was most common (88.6%), followed by type II (9.4%), and type III (1.9%). Maxillary lateral incisors were predominantly affected (65.8%). No mandibular involvement was observed. The prevalence of DI in the western black sea region of Turkey is remarkable, affecting mostly women and mostly occurring as Type I. Routine radiographic screening for DI is recommended to avoid clinical complications. Especially in early adolescence, it may be useful to support panoramic radiograph follow-up of maxillary lateral incisors with periapical radiograph. Additionally the frequent bilateral occurrence of this malformation, the contralateral teeth must also be included in the clinical examination. Regular radiographic examinations are essential for early diagnosis and management.
Journal Article
Majorana bound state in a coupled quantum-dot hybrid-nanowire system
Hybrid nanowires combining semiconductor and superconductor materials appear well suited for the creation, detection, and control of Majorana bound states (MBSs). We demonstrate the emergence of MBSs from coalescing Andreev bound states (ABSs) in a hybrid InAs nanowire with epitaxial Al, using a quantum dot at the end of the nanowire as a spectrometer. Electrostatic gating tuned the nanowire density to a regime of one or a few ABSs. In an applied axial magnetic field, a topological phase emerges in which ABSs move to zero energy and remain there, forming MBSs. We observed hybridization of the MBS with the end-dot bound state, which is in agreement with a numerical model. The ABS/MBS spectra provide parameters that are useful for understanding topological superconductivity in this system.
Journal Article
Mixed halide perovskites for spectrally stable and high-efficiency blue light-emitting diodes
Bright and efficient blue emission is key to further development of metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes. Although modifying bromide/chloride composition is straightforward to achieve blue emission, practical implementation of this strategy has been challenging due to poor colour stability and severe photoluminescence quenching. Both detrimental effects become increasingly prominent in perovskites with the high chloride content needed to produce blue emission. Here, we solve these critical challenges in mixed halide perovskites and demonstrate spectrally stable blue perovskite light-emitting diodes over a wide range of emission wavelengths from 490 to 451 nanometres. The emission colour is directly tuned by modifying the halide composition. Particularly, our blue and deep-blue light-emitting diodes based on three-dimensional perovskites show high EQE values of 11.0% and 5.5% with emission peaks at 477 and 467 nm, respectively. These achievements are enabled by a vapour-assisted crystallization technique, which largely mitigates local compositional heterogeneity and ion migration.
Achieving bright and efficient blue emission in metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes has proven to be challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate high EQE and spectrally stable blue light-emitting diodes based on mixed halide perovskites, with emission from 490 to 451 nm by using a vapour-assisted crystallization technique.
Journal Article