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Practical manual of quality function deployment
This book introduces into the practical application of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) beyond the famous House of Quality Matrix by presenting a fully developed example of a clear and comprehensive QFD framework. The QFD workflow is described step by step, encompassing strategic planning, customer surveys, product and service characteristics, mechanisms, parts and cost deployment, technologies, process phases and faults analysis. The model, as presented with practical suggestions, can be used in firms with low resources and/or need for speed. In addition, a chapter is dedicated to the most common âءءfuzzyâءء algorithms, explained for professionals and the book closes by describing in detail some QFD case studies. This book will be of interest to all who wish to use QFD to respond to and satisfy customer requirements effectively.
Book
Enabling the Global Response Force : access strategies for the 82nd Airborne Division
\"The Global Response Force (GRF) is built for rapid response to unforeseen or, more specifically, unplanned operations. Selected Army airborne forces provide a large portion of the GRF and are dependent on joint concepts for deployment and access. This study illustrates a method for determining the best access strategies given constraints in aircraft, intermediate staging bases, operational capabilities, and other factors. The study applies this method to each geographic combatant command and develops specific, tailored strategies for each. The access strategies are built from multiple analytic techniques: historical aircraft data and platform specifications to determine capabilities and limitations of the air fleet; several airfield databases, site reports, and expert judgments to determine probable intermediate staging base locations and their likely capabilities; multiple deployment concepts for access to minimize operational risks; and detailed geographic and operational analysis to determine global coverage and reach. In the end, we were able to deduce a preferred strategy for each of the combatant commands. Global access for the GRF is provided partially through the use of well-established staging bases but will necessarily rely on austere basing and complex deployment concepts for particular locations in multiple combatant commands. The study concludes with several recommendations to close those risks, which span the services, combatant commands, and joint staff\"--Back cover.
Book
Pre-deployment dissociation and personality as risk factors for post-deployment post-traumatic stress disorder in Danish soldiers deployed to Afghanistan
Objective: This study investigated whether pre-deployment dissociation was associated with previously identified post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom trajectories from before to 2.5 years after military deployment. Furthermore, it examined whether the tendency to dissociate, pre-deployment personality factors, conceptualized by the Big Five model, and previous trauma represented independent risk factors for post-deployment PTSD symptoms.
Method: This prospective study included the entire team of 743 soldiers from the Danish Contingent of the International Security Assistance Force 7 deployed to Afghanistan in 2009. Data consisted of self-report measures and were collected six times: before deployment; during deployment; and 1-3 weeks, 2 months, 7 months and 2.5 years after homecoming.
Results: The findings indicate significant associations between pre-deployment dissociation and six PTSD trajectories (p < 0.001, η
2
= 0.120). Based on mean differences in dissociation for the six trajectories, two main groups emerged: a group with high dissociation scores at pre-deployment, which had moderate PTSD symptom levels at pre-deployment and fluctuated over time; and a group with low dissociation scores at pre-deployment, which had low initial PTSD symptom levels and diverged over time. Our study also confirmed previous findings of a positive association between neuroticism and dissociation (r = 0.31, p < 0.001). This suggests that negative emotionality may be a vulnerability that enhances dissociative experiences, although a causal link cannot be concluded from the findings. Finally, pre-deployment dissociation, pre-deployment neuroticism and a history of traumatic events, as independent factors, were significant predictors of post-deployment PTSD (p < 0.001, R
2
= 0.158).
Conclusions: The study emphasizes the multiplicity of factors involved in the development of PTSD, and group differences in dissociative symptoms support the heterogeneity in PTSD. Further, this study points to specific aspects of personality that may be targeted in a clinical setting and in pre-deployment assessments in the military.
Journal Article
Integrating sustainability and remanufacturing strategies by remanufacturing quality function deployment (RQFD)
The objective of this paper is to ensure remanufacturing by considering the possible design, material and process changes. A novel remanufacturing quality function deployment (RQFD) was developed to bring out the possible changes to the existing product. To accomplish the above objective, RQFD phase I (voice of customer to engineering metrics) and RQFD phase II (engineering metrics to components of case product) were developed. Based on the results, the improvements options in design, process and materials were identified. The sustainability performance for the original and modified design was identified to understand the environmental benefits achieved through the proposed method. The proposed method has been applied to brake caliper components. The practical applications of the research are expected to help the manufacturers of brake calipers to minimize negative impacts on the environment, energy conservation and natural resources and are safe for stakeholders and are economically sound.
Journal Article
A User Requirement-driven Approach Incorporating TRIZ and QFD for Designing a Smart Vessel Alarm System to Reduce Alarm Fatigue
Alarm fatigue is a critical safety issue, as it can increase workload and impair operators' situational awareness. This paper proposes a design methodology to enhance the interaction between alarm systems and operators. Through input from VTS personnel as the fundamental design requirements, a user requirement-driven design framework is proposed. It integrates quality function deployment, the theory of inventive problem solving, and software quality characteristics into three design phases. In Phase I, user requirements are obtained from the analysis of current working processes. Phase II investigates the specific non-functional design requirements of vessel alarm systems and the contradictions. In Phase III, the innovative principles generated with the contradiction matrix were analysed. A case study was conducted to verify and illustrate this framework, resulting in a conceptualisation design of a smart vessel alarm system.
Journal Article
Deployment Optimization Method of Multistatic Radar for Constructing Circular Barrier Coverage
To construct circular barrier coverage (CBC) with multistatic radars, a deployment optimization method based on equipartition strategy is proposed in this paper. In the method, the whole circular area is divided into several sub-circles with equal width, and each sub-circle is blanketed by a sub-CBC that is built based on the multistatic radar deployment patterns. To determine the optimal deployment patterns for each sub-CBC, the optimization conditions are firstly studied. Then, to optimize the deployment of the whole circular area, a model based on minimum deployment cost is proposed, and the proposed model is divided into two sub-models to solve the optimization issue. In the inner model, it is assumed that the width of a sub-circle is given. Based on the optimization conditions of the deployment pattern, integer linear programming (ILP) and exhaustive method (EM) are jointly adopted to determine the types and numbers of deployment patterns. Moreover, a modified formula is introduced to calculate the maximum valid number of receivers in a pattern, thus narrowing the search scope of the EM. In the outer model, the width of a sub-circle is assumed to be a variable, and the EM is adopted to determine the minimum total deployment cost and the optimal deployment patterns on each sub-circle. Moreover, the improved formula is exploited to determine the range of width for a sub-circle barrier and reduce the search scope of the EM. Finally, simulations are conducted in different conditions to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can spend less deployment cost and deploy fewer transmitters than the state-of-the-artwork.
Journal Article
0836 Objective Sleep And Child Resiliency In Deployed Compared To Non-deployed Military Families
Abstract
Introduction
For military families, parent deployment can be a stressful event. Studies are mixed however, with some showing military families, including children, to be resilient in terms of behavioral and emotional adjustment in relation to deployment. However, the effects of deployment on children’s sleep, which is highly susceptible to stress, has not been explored.
Methods
Participants were 229 children aged 7 to 17 (M age=11.34, SD=2.92, female=50.9%) with at least one parent on active duty in the military. Children completed the Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents (RSCA; Prince-Embury, 2007) and one week of actigraphy and daily diaries of sleep and stressors. The RSCA is a 64-item self-report instrument that measures domains of resiliency and vulnerability.
Results
Children with a deployed parent reported greater anxiety, but no differences in number of daily stressors, resiliency scores, or objective sleep and diary variables were found. Given age-dependent changes in sleep, age was entered as a control. Greater resiliency was associated with greater self-reported sleep quality in both groups (r=.30, p<.01). In military families without a deployed parent (n=116), greater resiliency corresponded with fewer reported nighttime wakings (r=-.24, p=.03); however resiliency was not associated with objective sleep. Among children with a deployed parent (n=113), increased stress was associated with greater variability in bedtime (r=.45, p<.01), total sleep time (r=.36, p=.01), and duration of wake episodes (r=.39, p=.01). Greater resiliency was associated with reduced sleep efficiency (r=-.33, p = .03), and more fragmented sleep (r=-.44 p=.01). These correlations hold when anxiety and stress are controlled.
Conclusion
Overall, results show that irrespective of parental deployment status, children in military families are highly resilient and resiliency and perceptions of sleep quality are positively associated. For children with a deployed parent, greater sleep variability and stress are linearly related, but greater resiliency corresponded with less efficient and routinized sleep after controlling for stress. It may be that when a parent is deployed, children must take on more responsibilities in the home that both engender resilience but also compromise sleep.
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Journal Article