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Introduction: It is considered that the variability of respiratory symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is low or nonexistent; however, some authors state that there may be fluctuations. Objectives: To describe the variability of symptoms in patients with COPD throughout the day and night during four weeks using a patient diary, and to validate a questionnaire created for such purpose (the Colombian instrument for symptoms variability in COPD - COPD-CoVaSy). Materials and methods: Cohort study conducted in 96 patients with COPD treated between June and December, 2016, at the Centro de Atención Pulmonar - CAP, in Barranquilla, Colombia, who completed the patient diary for four weeks and, after this period, the self-administered COPD-CoVaSy instrument. The independence and comparison of frequencies of categorical and continuous variables were established using the chi-square and the Fisher's exact tests and the Pearson's correlation coefficient, respectively. A MANOVA was performed, using linear regression models, to determine the correlations between the results of the diary and those of the instrument. Results: Participants’ mean age was 73.3±8.3 years and 71.87% were male. According to the analysis of the diaries, the average scores (visual analog scale) for all symptoms and the performance of daily activities ranged between 0.5 and 2.5, being higher in the morning (with average scores between 1.5 and 2.5) than in the afternoon and evening (with average scores between 0.5 and 1.5); however, symptom variability was minimal. These results were similar to those obtained in the COPD-CoVaSy instrument, evidencing a high correlation between both instruments, which allowed confirming that COPD-CoVaSy is useful tool to measure such variability. Conclusions. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that there is a slight variability in COPD symptoms throughout the day, which should be considered when establishing treatment regimens for this disease. Likewise, it was determined that the COPD-CoVaSy is valid to measure such variability in Colombian patients with COPD. Introducción. Se considera que la variabilidad de los síntomas respiratorios de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es baja o inexistente. Sin embargo, algunos autores afirman que se pueden presentar fluctuaciones. Objetivos. Describir la variabilidad de síntomas en pacientes con EPOC a lo largo del día y la noche durante cuatro semanas mediante un diario de paciente y validar un cuestionario desarrollado para tal fin (el Instrumento Colombiano Autoadministrado de Variabilidad de Síntomas en EPOC - EPOC-CoVaSy) Materiales y métodos. Estudio de cohorte realizado en 96 pacientes con EPOC atendidos entre junio y diciembre de 2016 en el Centro de Atención Pulmonar - CAP, en Barranquilla, Colombia, quienes diligenciaron un diario de paciente durante cuatro semanas y, luego de este periodo, el instrumento auto administrado EPOC-CoVaSy. La independencia y comparación de frecuencias de las variables categóricas y continuas se establecieron mediante las pruebas χ² y exacta de Fisher y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, respectivamente. Se realizó un MANOVA, utilizando modelos de regresión lineal, para determinar las correlaciones entre los resultados del diario y el instrumento. Resultados. La edad promedio de los participantes fue 73.3±8.3 años y 71.87% eran hombres. Según el análisis de los diarios, los puntajes promedio (escala visual analógica) para todos los síntomas y desempeño de actividades diarias oscilaron entre 0.5 y 2.5 siendo más altos en la mañana (puntajes promedio entre 1.5 y 2.5) que en la tarde y noche (puntajes promedio entre 0.5 y 1.5), sin embargo esta variabilidad fue mínima, lo que coincidió con los resultados obtenidos en el EPOC-CoVaSy, evidenciándose una alta correlación entre ambos instrumentos, lo que permitió confirmar que la herramienta diseñada es útil para medir dicha variabilidad. Conclusiones. Con base en los hallazgos del presente estudio, se puede concluir que existe una leve variabilidad en los síntomas de EPOC a lo largo del día, la cual debe considerarse a la hora de establecer esquemas de tratamiento para esta enfermedad. Asimismo, se estableció que el EPOC-CoVaSy es válido para medir dicha variabilidad en la población colombiana con EPOC.

Georges Horan-Koiransky, in Journal d’un interné. Drancy 1942-1943, makes a recur-rent use of images of real and fantastical animals to evoke his imprisonment. Two parallel and complementary perspectives, psychoanalysis and mythocriticism, shall provide the means for re-vealing and analysing the issues at stake. Psychoanalysis will enable us to establish a link between the use of figurative language and the post-traumatic stress disorders resulting from Georges’ imprisonment in the Police aux Questions Juives (PQJ) and the transit camps. Once we have examined the psyche of the diarist, a mitocritical approach based on Gilbert Durand’s suggestions on the imagination will enable us to reveal the presence of zoomorphic images in his apprehen-sion and interpretation of the universe within the walls of the places of imprisonment.

Resumen: Este artículo explora las formas en que la autora mexicana María Luisa Puga y la periodista y escritora colombiana Margarita Posada articulan las complejidades de experimentar una enfermedad crónica, ofreciendo una interpretación novedosa del sufrimiento que expone las dimensiones multifacéticas de vivir con enfermedades como mujeres. Al examinar sus obras, específicamente Diario del dolor (2004) y Las muertes chiquitas (2019), el artículo aborda la creatividad con la que Puga y Posada escriben la experiencia de enfermarse, sumergiendo a los lectores en emociones y vivencias que, incluso para profesionales médicos, a menudo permanecen inaccesibles. El trabajo investiga cómo la escritura actúa como un salvavidas en medio de eventos dolorosos y traumáticos, empoderando a ambas autoras para reclamar, redefinir, desmitificar y reformular sus enfermedades desde su perspectiva. Además, este estudio examina el acto de escribir sobre la enfermedad como una forma de resistencia y activismo, sacando a la luz los cuerpos marginados y estigmatizados de las mujeres afectadas por enfermedades. A través de sus relatos personales, Puga y Posada se unen a una comunidad de mujeres que construyen una base de conocimiento para llenar los vacíos dejados por la medicina, revelando experiencias, sentimientos y realidades frecuentemente pasados por alto o silenciados. Sus narrativas sientan las bases para otras mujeres que luchan con enfermedades crónicas o incurables, transformando Diario del dolor y Las muertes chiquitas en lecturas indispensables para desmantelar los tabúes y estigmas sociales entrelazados con la experiencia de la enfermedad. Keywords: Chronic illness in Latin American Literature, Women’s narratives of illness, Illness writing, Mental health narratives, Body and illness, Diario del dolor, Las muertes chiquitas.  Abstract: This article explores the ways that Mexican author María Luisa Puga and Colombian journalist and writer Margarita Posada articulate the intricacies of experiencing chronic illness, offering a novel interpretation of suffering that exposes the multifaceted dimensions of living with illness as women. By examining their works, namely Diario del dolor (2004) and Las muertes chiquitas (2019), the article discusses the creativity with which Puga and Posada approach the experience of illness, immersing readers in emotions and experiences that, even for medical professionals, often remain inaccessible. The paper investigates how writing acts as a lifeline amidst agonizing and traumatic events, empowering both authors to reclaim, redefine, demystify, and reshape their illnesses on their own terms. Additionally, this study scrutinizes the act of writing about illness as a form of resistance and activism, bringing to light the marginalized and stigmatized bodies of women afflicted by illness. Through their personal accounts, Puga and Posada join a community of women constructing a foundation of knowledge to bridge the gaps left by medicine, revealing experiences, sentiments, and realities frequently disregarded or silenced. Their narratives lay the groundwork for other women grappling with chronic or incurable diseases, transforming Diario del dolor and Las muertes chiquitas into indispensable readings that play a pivotal role in dismantling the societal taboos and stigmas intertwined with the experience of illness. Palabras clave: enfermedad crónica, narrativa de enfermedad de mujeres, escritura de la enfermedad, narrativas de salud mental, cuerpo y enfermedad, Diario del dolor, Las muertes chiquitas  

Archivo histórico de Kipus: Revista Andina de Letras y Estudios Culturales, 1995 y 1996.

Elevated day-time PTSD symptom severity (PTSS) and more frequent intrusive memories were generally associated with subjectively reported disruptions in sleep and vice versa, but not with objective measures of sleep. While longer subjective sleep duration predicted reductions in PTSS and shorter sleep onset latency predicted reduced numbers of intrusions the next day, reduced daytime PTSS was only associated with reductions in distress associated with nightmares during the following night. Exploratory analyses showed that sex (men vs. women) moderated the bi-directional relationships between night-time sleep and day-time PTSD symptoms with longer sleep onset latency and lower sleep efficiency being related to worse PTSD symptoms the next day in women, but was not associated with men. Disrupted sleep and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are bi-directionally linked and have been found to mutually reinforce each other on a day-to-day basis. However, most of the previous research has focused on subjective measures of sleep only. Here, we investigated the temporal relationship between sleep and PTSD symptoms using both subjective (sleep diary) and objective measures of sleep (actigraphy). Forty-one non-treatment seeking, trauma exposed young adults (age M = 24.68, SD = 8.15) with a range of PTSD symptom severities (PTSS, 0-53 on PCL-5) were recruited. Participants completed two surveys per day over four weeks to measure day-time PTSD symptoms (i.e. PTSS and number of intrusions) and night-time sleep subjectively, while wearing an actigraphy watch to measure sleep objectively. Linear mixed models revealed that subjectively reported sleep disruptions were associated with elevated next-day PTSS and increasing number of intrusive memories both within and between participants. Similar results were found for daytime PTSD symptoms on night-time sleep. However, these associations were not found using objective sleep data. Exploratory moderator analyses including sex (male vs. female) found that these associations differed in strength between sexes but were generally in the same direction. These results were in line with our hypothesis with regards to the sleep diary (subjective sleep), but not actigraphy (objective sleep). Several factors which have implications on both PTSD and sleep, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and/ or sleep-state misperception, may be potential reasons behind those discrepancies. However, this study had limited power and needs to be replicated in larger samples. Nonetheless, these results add to the current literature about the bi-directional relationship between sleep and PTSD and have clinical implications for treatment strategies.

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar el dialogismo y la intertextualidad en el diario de viaje escrito por el historiador e intelectual mexicano, José Fernando Ramírez (México, Chihuahua, 1804-Alemania, Bonn, 1871), durante su visita a Yucatán en 1865, como parte del séquito de la emperatriz Carlota de Bélgica. Observaremos en qué sentido las alusiones y las citas de los libros de viajes de destacados exploradores, como Alexander von Humboldt, John L. Stephens y Frédéric Waldeck, formaron parte de un diálogo trasatlántico entre una naciente comunidad científica mexicana y un discurso científico hegemónico sobre México y Yucatán, en el marco político y epistemológico del Segundo Imperio Mexicano (1864-1867)

In 1905, Juan Aníbal Domínguez, founder and director of the Pharmacy Museum of the School of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires, and Eugenio Autran, curator of the Herbarium of the Museum found out that student Pompeyo Bonpland, grandson of the famous Bonpland, was pursuing a medical degree. Both academics knew of the existence of some unpublished documentation of the naturalist, the first, and received this valuable documentation through this young man. The Bonpland Archive is a heterogeneous collection of around 2,050 documents of various lengths and diverse complexity. It ranges from a period prior to Bonpland's arrival at the Río de la Plata and ends more than 40 years after his death, with letters received at his home in 1858. Furthermore, there are travel diaries with biological descriptions new to science. From the point of view of its preservation, the archive is stable in relation to flat documents, however, the same does not occur with manuscript diaries. This is why its conservation and restoration is being planned. The latter will allow science researchers to access the archive and take advantage of the great potential of the Bonpland Archive.

Entre los periódicos más representativos de la época porfirista, destaca El Diario del Hogar. Con una vida de treinta y un años, es consulta obligada de historiadores y de periodistas, así como de literatos y sociólogos. En sus páginas se da testimonio de acontecimientos históricos, de pugnas políticas, de movimientos sociales y de minucias cotidianas del país.

Disasters can have long-lasting impacts on mental health. Intrusive memories have been found to be common and persistent in the aftermath of earthquakes. To explore, using diaries, intrusive memories' presence, content, characteristics, and relationship with probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a small rural community exposed to mass destruction and loss of life. Survivors of the 2016-2017 Central Italy earthquakes (N = 104) were first interviewed to investigate the presence of intrusive memories of the disaster. Those that reported intrusive memories were subsequently asked to complete a 7-day paper-and-pen diary tracking their spontaneous memories of the earthquake events. Twenty months after the earthquakes, 49% (n = 51) of the sample reported having experienced intrusive memories post-earthquake and 38% (n = 39) reported at least one intrusive memory in their diaries. Memories were rated as being distressing, vivid, and experienced as a mixture of images and thoughts. The content of intrusive memories generally focused on sensations and experiences during the earthquake. Other common categories of content were the material environment and physical objects as well as human loss & death. Several memories had a social focus. A minority of memories contained more positive content as well as content from before and after the earthquake. Some participants (28%) experienced repeated intrusive memories of the same content. Memories of participants with and without probable PTSD did not significantly differ on characteristics or content. Intrusive memories can be common, distressing, and persistent occurrences following disasters, even in survivors not suffering from probable PTSD. Intrusive memories were common, distressing, and vivid more than 1-year post-disaster. They captured peri-earthquake sensations, material destruction, death, and social interactions. No difference in content or characteristics was found between participants with and without probable PTSD.

Guevara, Ernesto, El Diario del Che en Bolivia, prólogo de Fidel Castro. Editorial Siglo XXI, México, 1968, 238 pp.