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The production of iron and steel plays a significant role in the anthropogenic carbon footprint, accounting for 7% of global GHG emissions. In the context of CO2 mitigation, the steelmaking industry is looking to potentially replace traditional carbon-based ironmaking processes with hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron ore in shaft furnaces. Before industrialization, detailed modeling and parametric studies were needed to determine the proper operating parameters of this promising technology. The modeling approach selected here was to complement REDUCTOR, a detailed finite-volume model of the shaft furnace, which can simulate the gas and solid flows, heat transfers and reaction kinetics throughout the reactor, with an extension that describes the whole gas circuit of the direct reduction plant, including the top gas recycling set up and the fresh hydrogen production. Innovative strategies (such as the redirection of part of the bustle gas to a cooling inlet, the use of high nitrogen content in the gas, and the introduction of a hot solid burden) were investigated, and their effects on furnace operation (gas utilization degree and total energy consumption) were studied with a constant metallization target of 94%. It has also been demonstrated that complete metallization can be achieved at little expense. These strategies can improve the thermochemical state of the furnace and lead to different energy requirements.

The propagation of optical soliton profiles in plasma physics and atomic structures is represented by the (1+1)− dimensional Schrödinger dynamical equation, which is the subject of this study. New solitary wave profiles are discovered by using Nucci’s scheme and a new extended direct algebraic method. The new extended direct algebraic approach provides an easy and general mechanism for covering 37 solitonic wave solutions, which roughly corresponds to all soliton families, and Nucci’s direct reduction method is used to develop the first integral and the exact solution of partial differential equations. Thus, there are several new solitonic wave patterns that are obtained, including a plane solution, mixed hyperbolic solution, periodic and mixed periodic solutions, a mixed trigonometric solution, a trigonometric solution, a shock solution, a mixed shock singular solution, a mixed singular solution, a complex solitary shock solution, a singular solution, and shock wave solutions. The first integral of the considered model and the exact solution are obtained by utilizing Nucci’s scheme. We present 2-D, 3-D, and contour graphics of the results obtained to illustrate the pulse propagation characteristics while taking suitable values for the parameters involved, and we observed the influence of parameters on solitary waves. It is noticed that the wave number α and the soliton speed μ are responsible for controlling the amplitude and periodicity of the propagating wave solution.

The traditional production mode using coal as the main energy source is not conducive to the sustainable development of the iron and steel industry (ISI). The hydrogen-based direct reduction shaft furnace (HDRSF) process is a feasible technical route for promoting the green development of the ISI. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis with respect to the energy utilization and process flow of the HDRSF method. To address these issues, a systemic material–energy–exergy model of HDRSF is established. An improved HDRSF process incorporating waste heat recovery is also proposed, and energy consumption intensity and exergy intensity are used as assessment metrics. This study’s findings indicate that the proposed waste heat recovery can considerably lower gas demand and energy consumption intensity, but exergy intensity has little effect. The reducing gas demand drops from 2083 m3 to 1557 m3, the energy consumption intensity drops from 2.75 × 107 kJ to 1.70 × 107 kJ, and the exergy intensity drops from 1.08 × 107 kJ to 1.05 × 107 kJ when the reducing gas temperature is 900 °C, H2:CO = 1:1; meanwhile, the recovery rate of waste heat reaches 40%. This study can serve as a reference for actual HDRSF process production.

Ilmenite is an important mineral resource containing Fe and Ti, and titanium concentrate can be obtained after beneficiation. Through the preparation of titanium concentrate oxidized pellets, gas-based shaft furnace reduction experiments, and melting and separation experiments, the phase changes during the roasting process of titanium concentrate oxidized pellets were studied. The effects of different reduction temperatures and atmospheres on the reduction degree and expansion of titanium concentrate pellets were studied, and the reduction melting products were analyzed and evaluated. The research results indicate that the degree of oxidation of titanium concentrate oxidized pellets increases with the increase of roasting temperature. The reduction degree of titanium concentrate pellets also increases with the increase of reduction temperature and H 2 content in the reduction atmosphere. The reduction expansion rate of pellets increases with the increase of reduction temperature and CO content in the reduced atmosphere. The phase components in the reduced oxidized titanium concentrate pellets are MgTi 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , and Fe. In the melting products, the recovery rate of iron in molten iron is 98%, the recovery rate in slag TiO 2 is 96%, and the grade of titanium in titanium-rich slag is 74%. The efficient comprehensive utilization of iron and titanium in titanium concentrate has been achieved. Graphical Abstract

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. Type of peer review: Double-blind using 2 reviewers for each paper and some paper need to send to third reviewer because of some papers were original paper and sometimes the other reviewers declined to review the papers because of their busy. ● Conference submission management system: No Conference management we have ● Number of submissions received: 85 ● Number of submissions sent for review: 80 ● Number of submissions accepted: 73 ● Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 85.8% ● Average number of reviews per paper: 2 reviewers for each paper and sometimes need to send the paper for third reviewer in case rejected or declined ● Total number of reviewers involved: 165 ● Any additional info on review process: Contact person for queries: 40077@uotechnology.edu.iq Prof.Dr. AQEEL Al-ADILI The dean of Applied Science University of Technology And Assistant Prof. Dr. Duha S. Ahmed Applied Science University of Technology Duhasaadi2015@gmail.com

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single-blind • Conference submission management system: easy chair and email • Number of submissions received: 173 • Number of submissions sent for review: 167 • Number of submissions accepted: 101 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 60.47% • Average number of reviews per paper: 5 • Total number of reviewers involved: 20 • Any additional info on review process: Contact person for queries: Dr. Ruliana Department of Statistics, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia ruliana@unm.ac.id

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single-blind Conference submission management system: All paper submitted into registration portal. The process started with sending abstract to the portal, reviewing scope of article conducted by organizers. Presenters who’s abstract accepted are invited to present their paper on the conference. They have to send the full paper before August 31, 2020. All papers are sent to reviewers thought the portal. • Number of submissions received: 60 • Number of submissions sent for review: 60 • Number of submissions accepted: 49 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 81 • Average number of reviews per paper: 2 • Total number of reviewers involved: 10 • Any additional info on review process: • Contact person for queries: • Dr. Dony Permana, M.Si • Universitas Negeri Padang • donypermana@fmipa.unp.ac

This study aimed to improve equipment in steel industrial in order to save energy, protect the environment, decrease costs, and develop the commercialization improvements. The energy of combustion gases in the reformer box is used to preheat the main air, natural gas, and feed gas in the heat recovery system. The scale-up of process equipment and incorporation of new technologies at the Khouzestan steel company (KSC) in Iran, resulted in their ironmaking plants’ capacity increasing from 550,000 to 800,000 ton/year in 2015. Furthermore, this method could prove profitable for old direct reduction ironmaking plants as well. The modifications include changing the reformer tubes’ diameter to increase the rate of reducing gas flow, increasing the number of process gas compressors from two to three, improving the top gas scrubber capacity, and modifying the shaft furnace refractory thickness to the thin wall. (The internal diameter of the furnace was increased from 5000 to 5130 mm.) To use the flue gas energy, the arrangement, size, and number of tube bundles were altered in heat recovery system (HRS). The reformer and heat recovery system were simulated with Aspen HYSYS software. The simulation results were relatively in good agreement with the experimental data. In this research, practical results with a real implementation in direct reduced ironmaking plant show equipment improvement that can reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The production tonnage increased by 28.15%, and the energy consumption decreased by 13.71%. However, the amount of carbon dioxide in the flue gas decreased by 9.55%. The flue gas exit temperature from HRS dropped by 152.2 °C. The calculation of the net present value (NPV) and present value (PV) shows that the investment cost will be returned in 4 years.Graphical abstract

Aiming at the current characteristics of blast furnace （BF） process, carbon saving potential of blast furnace was investigated from the perspective of the relationship between degree of direct reduction and carbon consumption. A new relationship chart between carbon consumption and degree of direct reduction, which can reflect more real situation of blast furnace operation, was established. Further- more, the carbon saving potential of hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnace （OBF） process was ana- lyzed. Then, the policy implications based on this relationship chart established were suggested. On this basis, the method of improving the carbon saving potential of blast furnace was recycling the top gas with removal of CO2 and H2O or increasing hydrogen in BF gas and full oxygen blast. The results show that the carbon saving potential in traditional blast furnace （TBF） is only 38 56 kg · t ^-1 while that in OBF is 138 kg · t ^-1. Theoretically, the lowest carbon consumpt!on of OBF is 261 kg · t ^-1 and the corresponding degree of direct reduction is 0.04. In addition, the theoretical lowest carbon consumption of hydrogen-rich OBF is 257 kg · t ^-1. The modeling analysis can be used to estimate the carbon savings potential in new ironmaking process and its related CO2 emissions.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single blind Review The detailed review process is as follows 1. Authors will submit their original and unpublished work (related to the theme of the conference). They clearly need to identify the problem, their contribution(s), and justification with respect to the state-of-the-art work. 2. Authors need to submit their papers through Easy Chair link. 3. The PC chairs will initially do the screening on the basis of scope, technical content, similarity and formatting of the submitted papers. The suitable papers will be sent for single-blind review. a. PC chairs will allow scientific committee members to choose the research topics they are willing to review. Based on this and their expertise, PC chairs will assign papers for a review manually. b. Scientific committee members can invite sub-reviewers and can hand over some papers if the papers are not within their field of expertise, and the whole process is available at the Easychair (i.e., taking help from sub reviewers). c. Scientific committee members are, however, still responsible for the quality and timeliness of the reviews allocated originally to them. Accordingly, the paper/review management system supports the allocation of reviews, at the initiation of PC members. 4. For evaluating the papers, the Easy Chair scores mechanism will be as followed: i. Strong accept (3), Accept (2) and Weak accept (1) ii. Borderline (0) iii. Strong reject (-3), Reject (-2) and Weak reject (-1) 5. In all cases, PC chairs will work closely. Based on the review reports and the scores, PC chairs send a notification to the authors via along with the review reports/scores. a. Notification is based on an average score provided by the assigned reviewers. b. Note that notification, in the first review, will be straight: accept and reject. c. The papers with an average score less than 0 will be rejected. For accepted papers, general chairs will provide a month for an additional revision, if any. This will mostly useful for those authors who have received major comments. 6. After having revised versions, we will have exactly same set of experts for review, and will add one more in case there exists contradictory review reports/scores. An example of contradictory review means giving +3 (strong accept) and -3 (strong reject) scores from two different for the same paper. At this point, PC chairs will help invite an additional reviewer. 7. After having all review reports/scores, PC chairs will make a final decision. • Conference submission management system: Easy-Chair • Number of submissions received: 75 • Number of submissions sent for review: 52 • Number of submissions accepted:23 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 30.66% • Average number of reviews per paper: Two • Total number of reviewers involved:51 • Any additional info on review process: NO • Contact person for queries: Dr. Girraj Sharm: girrajsharma.ece@jecrc.ac.in Dr. Ashish Kumar: ashishkumar.ece@jecrc.ac.in