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The Status and Duties of Ecclesiastical Judges in Cases Concerning the Nullity of Marriage
The author discusses the status and duties of an ecclesiastical judge in processes concerning the declaration of nullity of marriage under canon law. The author addresses the requirements for candidates for the office of judge and highlights the changes introduced by the Motu Proprio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus in 2015. Next, the duties of the ecclesiastical judge in a matrimonial process are covered. First, the author points to the general duties and focuses on the most relevant ones. Second, the judge’s more specific duties are addressed. A major research problem investigated is who can be an ecclesiastical judge and what requirements the candidates must meet, both in the light of ecclesiastical and natural law. The author does not omit to discuss the origin of the power to judge and its consequences. The article cites papal speeches to the members of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota. They are a valuable source of guidance on exercising the power to judge. Special attention is paid to the ministry of the bishop as the first judge, as well as in light of the changes introduced by Pope Francis.
Journal Article
Between Opposition and Collaboration
This study of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg and its largely Protestant aristocracy tells the complicated story of Lutheran nobles and their relatives in the Catholic Church and their struggle to cooperate in the Reformation era.
eBook
Hometown Religion
The pluralization of Christian religion was the defining fact of cultural life in sixteenth-century Europe. Everywhere they took root, ideas of evangelical reform disturbed the unity of religious observance on which political community was founded. By the third quarter of the sixteenth century, one or another form of Christianity had emerged as dominant in most territories of the Holy Roman Empire.InHometown Religion: Regimes of Coexistence in Early Modern Westphalia,David Luebke examines a territory that managed to escape that fate-the prince-bishopric of Münster, a sprawling ecclesiastical principality and the heart of an entire region in which no single form of Christianity dominated. In this confessional \"no-man's-land,\" a largely peaceable order took shape and survived well into the mid-seventeenth century, a unique situation, which raises several intriguing questions: How did Catholics and Protestants manage to share parishes for so long without religious violence? How did they hold together their communities in the face of religious pluralization? Luebke responds by examining the birth, maturation, old age, and death of a biconfessional \"regime\"-a system of laws, territorial agreements, customs, and tacit understandings that enabled Roman Catholics and Protestants, Lutherans as well as Calvinists, to cohabit the territory's parishes for the better part of a century.
In revealing how these towns were able to preserve peace and unity-in the Age of Religious Wars-Hometown Religionattests to the power of toleration in the conduct of everyday life.
eBook
Historical records of the cultural use of aromatic wood in a 17th-century church in Brazil
The mapping of historical records can reveal connections between past and present in the cultural relationship between humans and nature, especially in the use of aromatic woods in religious rituals, where fragrances from wood conveyed sacred symbols and meanings. This study examined the historical use of wood in the Igreja Matriz Nossa Senhora da Graça, São Francisco do Sul, Brazil, to evaluate its symbolic meanings and cultural significance. Built in the seventeenth century, this church contains ecclesiastical furniture carved with Christian symbols, reflecting religious tradition and craftsmanship. Test samples were collected and analyzed for structural characterization and botanical identification, providing insights into the cultural value of the materials. Two native species of the Lauraceae family, both from the Atlantic Forest, were identified: Ocotea porosa (imbuia) and Ocotea odorifera (sassafras). These wood samples are aromatic, with fragrances derived from natural oils and resins. Imbuia was found in 57% of the furniture, sassafras in 42%. These noble woods were selected for organoleptic qualities and durability, highlighting a tradition of crafting “furniture of honor” in Christian practices, where material choices reflected symbolic and spiritual meaning.
Journal Article
DK - 100 people who made history. Episode 14, Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a German priest who believed that the Roman Catholic Church had become corrupt. When he published his complaints, they spread all over Europe, and split Christianity in two.
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