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"ecological environment"
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Planetary health : safeguarding human health and the environment in the anthropocene
We live in unprecedented times - the Anthropocene - defined by far-reaching human impacts on the natural systems that underpin civilisation. Planetary Health explores the many environmental changes that threaten to undermine progress in human health, and explains how these changes affect health outcomes, from pandemics to infectious diseases to mental health, from chronic diseases to injuries. It shows how people can adapt to those changes that are now unavoidable, through actions that both improve health and safeguard the environment. But humanity must do more than just adapt: we need transformative changes across many sectors - energy, housing, transport, food, and health care. The book discusses specific policies, technologies, and interventions to achieve the change required, and explains how these can be implemented. It presents the evidence, builds hope in our common future, and aims to motivate action by everyone, from the general public to policymakers to health practitioners.
Book
The Evolution of Landscape Patterns and Its Ecological Effects of Open-Pit Mining: A Case Study in the Heidaigou Mining Area, China
This paper investigates the impact of land use/cover type changes in the Haideigou open-pit coal mine on the evolution of the landscape patterns and ecological and environmental quality in the mine area, based on medium- and high-resolution remote sensing images in 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021 using ArcGIS 10.5, Fragstats 4.2, and the Google Earth Engine platform. The results show that: (1) From 2006 to 2021, the area of cropland and waste dumps in the Heidaigou mining area changed significantly, the land use shifted in a single direction, and the overall land use change was unbalanced. (2) Through the analysis of landscape indicators, it was shown that the diversity of the landscape patches in the study area increased, connectivity decreased, and the patches became more fragmented. (3) Based on the changes in the mean value of the RSEI over the past 15 years, the ecological environment quality of the mining area deteriorated first and then improved. The quality of the ecological environment in the mining area was significantly affected by human activities. This study provides an important basis for achieving the sustainability and stability of ecological environmental development in mining areas.
Journal Article
A natural history of the future : what the laws of biology tell us about the destiny of the human species
Over the past century, our species has made unprecedented technological innovations with which we have sought to control nature. From river levees to enormous one-crop fields, we continue to try to reshape nature for our purposes - so much so it seems we may be in danger of destroying it. In 'A Natural History of the Future', biologist Rob Dunn argues that nothing could be further from the truth: rather than asking whether nature will survive us, better to ask whether we will survive nature.
Book
Spatially explicit structural equation modeling
Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a powerful statistical approach for the testing of networks of direct and indirect theoretical causal relationships in complex data sets with intercorrelated dependent and independent variables. SEM is commonly applied in ecology, but the spatial information commonly found in ecological data remains difficult to model in a SEM framework. Here we propose a simple method for spatially explicit SEM (SE-SEM) based on the analysis of variance/covariance matrices calculated across a range of lag distances. This method provides readily interpretable plots of the change in path coefficients across scale and can be implemented using any standard SEM software package. We demonstrate the application of this method using three studies examining the relationships between environmental factors, plant community structure, nitrogen fixation, and plant competition. By design, these data sets had a spatial component, but were previously analyzed using standard SEM models. Using these data sets, we demonstrate the application of SE-SEM to regularly spaced, irregularly spaced, and ad hoc spatial sampling designs and discuss the increased inferential capability of this approach compared with standard SEM. We provide an R package, sesem, to easily implement spatial structural equation modeling.
Journal Article
Governmental claims system for marine ecological damage in China
The governmental claims system designed to address damage to China’s marine ecological environment faces several significant challenges. These challenges include ambiguities in the legal attributes of the system, disputes over the identity and role of claimants, the sequencing and interaction of consultation processes, the enforcement of environmental laws, the conditions and scope of the right to claim, and the legitimacy of consultative agreements. Such theoretical and practical disputes have hindered the effectiveness of the system. To enhance this system, it is crucial to establish a robust theoretical foundation for claims based on public law principles. Additionally, it is essential to explore the development of a centralized mechanism for managing claims related to marine ecological damage, particularly through administrative bodies responsible for marine ecological supervision. It is also critical to clarify the conditions under which claims can be initiated and to refine the procedural framework governing consultations. Furthermore, it is vital to strengthen the synergy between administrative law enforcement and consultation processes, while simultaneously fostering international cooperation in the marine ecosystem governance. The thesis delves into the nature of claim litigation as a distinct category of public interest litigation and elucidates the relationship with other types of legal proceedings.
Journal Article
EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT SECURITY IN CONTIGUOUS POVERTY ALLEVIATION AREA OF SICHUAN PROVINCE
According to the overall requirements of ecological construction and environmental protection, rely on the national key ecological engineering, strengthen ecological environmental restoration and protection, improve forest cover, control soil erosion, construct important ecological security barrier in poor areas, inhibit poverty alleviation through ecological security in this area from environmental damage to the vicious cycle of poverty. Obviously, the dynamic monitoring of ecological security in contiguous destitute areas of Sichuan province has a policy sense of urgency and practical significance. This paper adopts RS technology and GIS technology to select the Luhe region of Jinchuan county and Ganzi prefecture as the research area, combined with the characteristics of ecological environment in poor areas, the impact factors of ecological environment are determined as land use type, terrain slope, vegetation cover, surface water, soil moisture and other factors. Using the ecological environmental safety assessment model, the ecological environment safety index is calculated. According to the index, the ecological environment safety of the research area is divided into four levels. The ecological environment safety classification map of 1990 in 2009 is obtained. It can be seen that with the human modern life and improve their economic level, the surrounding environment will be destroyed, because the research area ecological environment is now in good, the ecological environment generally tends to be stable. We should keep its ecological security good and improve local economic income. The relationship between ecological environmental security and economic coordinated development in poor areas has very important strategic significance.
Journal Article
Spatiotemporal Relationship Between Ecological Environment and Economic Development in Tropical and Subtropical Regions of Asia
This article is devoted to study the coordination coupling relationship between economic development and ecological environment in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia to reflect the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the coordination in different regions. Using the entropy method and Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model, we empirically analyze 14 tropical and subtropical countries in Asia from 2003 to 2016. The empirical results show that most of the tropical and subtropical sample countries in Asia are at an intermediate coordination coupling level between economic development and ecological environment; the economic development lag type is the main one, and the ecological development lag type is less. At the same time, the positive effects between economic development and ecological environment in most sample countries are more obvious. Spatially, the ecological environment in the north of the Asian tropical and subtropical countries has a positive effect on economic development rather than that in the south and tends to be positive. The positive effect of economic development on ecological environment in the faster economic development areas is better than that in the slower economic development areas, and more areas tend to play negative effects. The research in this article provides a basis for strengthening ecological environment protection in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, promoting the coordinated development of economic and ecological environment. Further, we put forward some corresponding policy recommendations.
Journal Article
Level Assessment of Ecological Environment of China and Sustainable Development Strategies
China's ecological environmental level is not high because of the intensifying resource constraint, heavy environmental pollution, and ecosystem degradation. The highly industrialized process leads to resource exhaustion, energy shortage, environmental deterioration, and ecological imbalance, which threaten sustainable economic growth and social progress. Effective living environmental level assessment in different provinces in China is an important premise to insist on the new development mode of high resource utilization, good environmental protection effect, and evident ecological efficiency in the new stage. In this study, studies on ecological environment level assessment and sustainable development strategies of the ecological environment were summarized. An ecological environment level assessment index system was constructed from the perspectives of water environment, living environment, forest environment, agricultural environment, and sudden environmental event. The ecological environmental level measurements of 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China in 2019 were measured by the entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) model. Results demonstrate that total water resources, forestry investment, and completed investment in industrial pollution control are the three most important indexes to measure the ecological level of a province, which account for 50% of weights. The relative closeness (C) of TOPSIS estimation results range in the interval of 0.215-0.510. The ecological environmental level of 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China in 2019 could be generally divided into three types. To realize China's ecological environment and economic social coordinated development, some sustainable development strategies, including 1) optimizing energy structure and accelerating economic development; 2) strengthening environmental control and relieving industrial waste emissions; 3) strengthening ecological construction planning and increasing law enforcement in ecological environmental pollution; 4) increasing bearing capacity of ecological environment and protecting ecological environment sustainable development, were proposed. Research conclusions have an important role in exploring the current provincial ecological environmental levels, promoting coordinated development of the economy-resource-environment system, and enriching policies concerning China's ecological environment sustainable development.
Journal Article
Contribution of Low-carbon Transport Policy to the Improvement of Urban Traffic Ecological Environment
With the acceleration of urbanization and motorization speed boost, the development of urban green traffic has become a focus of public concern and an important way to solve urban traffic problems, which has made the low-carbon transport policy been given more attention. However, since the urban traffic is affected by multiple factors, whether the application of low-carbon transport policy could obtain corresponding or higher output is uncertain. To clarify the effects of low-carbon transport to the improvement of urban traffic ecological environment, the main indicators that measure the contribution of low-carbon transport to urban traffic ecological environment were extracted from five aspects including people, cars, roads, transportation infrastructure and traffic environment. The Guangzhou city in China was taken as an example to select index data, the regression analysis was adopted by SPSS software. Results show that the contribution rate of the low-carbon transport policy to the improvement of urban transportation ecological environment is 4.42%. The conclusions obtained from this study are of great significance to improve the low-carbon travel policy and optimize the urban traffic ecological environment
Journal Article