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The aim of the paper is analysis of consumption of electric energy which is necessary to drive a farm tractor with an electric motor as a drive unit under the conditions of a drive with varied loading of the power transmission system. The object of the research was a tractor model where a combustion engine was replaced with a dc electric motor. During the tests, a decrease of voltage and current strength collected from supplying batteries as a function of tractor drive time and in relation to the mass of a tractor with a trailer, temperature of the surrounding and resistance to motion were reported, which enabled determination of the collected power and energy. For the used set of batteries, also the maximum range of the tractor drive on the paved road was determined.

To meet the demand of multiple power requirements, and enhance power utilization, a new type of dual-element electricity unit is designed in this study, which is a permanent magnet piston mechanical electric engine. Based on the analysis method of traditional internal combustion engines and linear generators, the working principle of the engine and the magnetic field distribution in the electrodynamic structure are analyzed, the machine dynamics model and electrodynamics model of the engine are established, then the theoretical evaluation is additionally established using finite elements. Based on this, an optimization model is constructed with the electrodynamic shape dimension as the optimization variable, with the intention of growing the output power. The optimization of the engine electrodynamic shape is executed via the use of the finite aspect approach and the NLPQL optimization algorithm integrated. The results show that the optimized engine output electricity expanded to 8.40 w, which is 18.81% greater than before optimization. An experimental prototype is developed, and the output voltage of the prototype is measured to verify the precept and overall performance of the new structure.

The purpose of this research is to study and select the type of engine and circuits for connecting their windings in the generator operating mode of the electric machine unit for the device of converting kinetic and mechanical energy of rotation in the electric one. The design and principle of the device, which transforms the kinetic energy from pressure into electric one, is proposed. The results of experimental studies on the determination of the most efficient type of electric engine in accordance with the value of the generated power output are presented. According to the results of experiments, it was determined that a stepper motor DSh 200-1 is more efficient for one rotation in the forward and reverse direction with frequency f = 1.185 Hz. The processing of experimental research was carried out using integral methods of mathematical physics, namely the trapezoid method. Integration of the received oscillograms allowed to determine the most effective circuit of connection of stepper motor DSh-200-1 stator windings. For one rotation in the forward and reverse direction with frequency f = 1.185 Hz, the given circuit will provide the power of 0.164 Watt.

An Electric propulsion (E-propulsion) system for ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) long-tail boat is proposed in this article. It offers several advantages over a traditional internal combustion engine propulsion system. Besides low noise and zero-emission, characteristics of electric engine (E-engine) allow regenerative braking and starting the propeller in the water. A design of E-engine has been achieved through finite element analyses and lump-parameter thermal simulations. It shows better performances than Honda GX270 internal combustion engine in terms of volume, weight, torque, and power. A full scale prototype of E-engine was manufactured. Experiments have been conducted on an engine test bench. Torque, power, efficiency and temperatures were well aligned with the simulation results.

The requirements for improvement of the efficiency, reliability, and environmental safety, as well as for reducing the weight and size for aircraft devices and systems, are decisive in choosing the direction of development of the aviation industry. The development of the concept of more electric aircraft and the concept of an more electric engine, which involves replacing hydraulic and pneumatic systems by electric equivalents, is gaining ever more popularity. Both individual research groups and global aircraft engineering and aviation corporations are paying attention to the development of these promising technologies. The concept of more electric aircraft is widely covered in the scientific and technical literature, whereas the concept of an more electric engine included therein has not received such attention. This paper presents an overview of publications devoted to the use of electric machines for the more electric engine. The paper is focused on electric machines embedding into aircraft engine shafts (embedded starter-generators for a high-pressure shaft cascade and embed electric generators for a low-pressure shaft cascade, and electric drives of fuel-and-oil systems, as well as the use of electric machines in air conditioning systems onboard an aircraft).

Description The present volume reports effectively on certain major technical areas of space electric power. To construct a cohesive volume, the editors have arranged these papers into five primary topical areas: Selection of Power Systems; Chemical Power Systems; Solar Power Systems; Heat Transfer, Storage, and Rejection; High-Temperature Power Systems.

The electrification of the aircraft engine and the concept of more electric aircraft is a trend of recent decades that has attracted the attention of global aviation corporations. Electrification of traditional nonelectric systems increases efficiency and reliability and reduces emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The attention of the scientific and technical literature is directed toward more electric aircraft, without separating the aircraft engine electrification technology. A review of related technologies and processes in aircraft engine electrification that have not received much disclosure in the publicly available reviews, but without which the full implementation of more electric engines in the aviation industry is impossible, is presented. This article is focused on the control of more electric engines, power transmission with simultaneous integration of starter-generators and electric generators, integration into aircraft engines, heat recovery, and training of highly qualified personnel for the design and operation of more electric engines.

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are perceived as a first step toward the future of sustainable transport. Of course, battery electric vehicles (EVs) are currently ideal for what is wanted in the future of transport. However, the lack of infrastructure for these vehicles makes many potential users choose hybrid vehicles. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of hybrid vehicle engines and electric motors on their performance. Three engines with slightly different power levels and similar characteristics were considered for the configured models. Additionally, two electric motors with very different power levels, but a very close maximum continuous torque were used in our models. One was an induction motor and the other was a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The ADVISOR software was used for vehicle configuration and simulation. Series and parallel hybrid vehicles were considered. The main dynamic performances and the fuel consumption rates of the two driving cycles were compared for the configured models. Three conventional models with the same engines used in HEVs were also simulated for reference. The results highlight that, in the case of HEVs, the choice of a combination engine/electric motor is crucial for obtaining the best compromise between a dynamic performance and a low fuel consumption and, implicitly, a low negative impact on the environment.

The paper compares heat pumps driven by electric motors (EHP) with heat pumps driven by gas engines (GEHP). GEHPs are still a novelty on the Polish HVACR market - therefore, the subject of the study is to indicate whether in Polish climatic conditions their use is profitable. A thorough analysis of the energy consumption of selected devices was carried out due to the consumption of utilities needed for their propulsion and the related costs. This has been done by calculating seasonal efficiency coefficients and using an innovative method of comparative modifiers allowing for unification of the performance of EHP and GEHP pumps. The results obtained include average energy efficiency coefficients, operating costs and payback times. Discussion of the calculation results proved that under certain assumptions GEHP pumps may be competitive with EHP heat pumps due to the possibility of managing waste heat at high temperatures.

Researchers are continuously developing various energy-saving technologies to enhance the internal combustion engine efficiency. Among them, continuous variable valve timing and variable valve lift system is one potential technology. To achieve this ability, a new type of electric valve, known as magnetorheological valve train, was introduced, which is based on the magnetorheological fluid’s active behavior. In this study, gasoline engine models are established for dynamic simulations of an engine with the magnetorheological valve train. Volumetric efficiency and performance of the engine with different magnetorheological valve train valve lifts and valve timings at engine speeds between 2000 and 6000 r/min are also analyzed. Simulation results show that, at low engine speeds, the lift of the valve has little effect on the engine performance. However, under high and medium engine speeds, the lift of the valve significantly affects the performance; the smaller the valve lift, the smaller the volumetric efficiency. Likewise, an adjustment of valve opening angle timing to reduce the valve overlap angle effectively increased the engine volumetric efficiency at low engine speeds.