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The process e(+) e(-) -> K-S(0) K-S(0)psi(3686) is studied by analyzing e(+) e(-) collision data samples collected at eight center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.682 to 4.951 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.1 fb(-1). Observation of the e(+) e(-) -> K-S(0) K-S(0)(3686) process is found for the first time with a statistical significance of 6.3 sigma, and the cross sections at each center-ofmass energy are measured. The ratio of cross sections of e(+) e(-) -> K-S(0) K-S(0)psi(3686) relative to e(+) e(-) -> K+ K-psi(3686) is determined to be sigma(e(+) e(-) -> K-S(0) K-S(0)psi(3686))/sigma(e(+)e(-) -> K+ K- psi(3686)) = 0.45 +/- 0.25, which is consistent with the prediction based on isospin symmetry. The uncertainty includes both statistical and systematic contributions. Additionally, the K-S(0)psi(3686) invariant mass distribution is found to be consistent with three-body phase space. The significance of a contribution beyond three-body phase space is only 0.8 sigma.

A search for pair-produced scalar and vector leptoquarks decaying into quarks and leptons of different generations is presented. It uses the full LHC Run 2 (2015–2018) data set of 139 fb-1 collected with the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s̅ = 13 TeV. Scalar leptoquarks with charge -(1/3)e as well as scalar and vector leptoquarks with charge +(2/3)e are considered. All possible decays of the pair-produced leptoquarks into quarks of the third generation (t, b) and charged or neutral leptons of the first or second generation (e, μ, ν) with exactly one electron or muon in the final state are investigated. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed. Upper limits on the production cross-section are provided for eight models as a function of the leptoquark mass and the branching ratio of the leptoquark into the charged or neutral lepton. In addition, lower limits on the leptoquark masses are derived for all models across a range of branching ratios. Two of these models have the goal of providing an explanation for the recent B-anomalies. In both models, a vector leptoquark decays into charged and neutral leptons of the second generation with a similar branching fraction. Lower limits of 1980 GeV and 1710 GeV are set on the leptoquark mass for these two models.

A search for light long-lived neutral particles with masses in the O(MeV–GeV) range is presented. The analysis targets the production of long-lived dark photons in the decay of a Higgs boson produced via gluon–gluon fusion or in association with a W boson. Events that contain displaced collimated Standard Model fermions reconstructed in the calorimeter or muon spectrometer are selected in 139 fb-1 of √s̅ = 13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Background estimates for contributions from Standard Model processes and instrumental effects are extracted from data. The observed event yields are consistent with the expected background. Exclusion limits are reported on the production cross-section times branching fraction as a function of the mean proper decay length cτ of the dark photon, or as a function of the dark-photon mass and kinetic mixing parameter that quantifies the coupling between the Standard Model and potential hidden (dark) sectors. A Higgs boson branching fraction above 1% is excluded at 95% CL for a Higgs boson decaying into two dark photons for dark-photon mean proper decay lengths between 10 mm and 250 mm and dark photons with masses between 0.4 GeV and 2 GeV.

The celebrated Zariski Cancellation Problem asks as to when the existence of an isomorphism If the cancellation does not hold then

In the seventh century the kingdom of Samarkand sent formal gifts of fancy yellow peaches, large as goose eggs and with a color like gold, to the Chinese court at Ch'ang-an. What kind of fruit these golden peaches really were cannot now be guessed, but they have the glamour of mystery, and they symbolize all the exotic things longed for, and unknown things hoped for, by the people of the T'ang empire. This book examines the exotics imported into China during the T'ang Dynasty (A.D. 618-907), and depicts their influence on Chinese life. Into the land during the three centuries of T'ang came the natives of almost every nation of Asia, all bringing exotic wares either as gifts or as goods to be sold. Ivory, rare woods, drugs, diamonds, magicians, dancing girls—the author covers all classes of unusual imports, their places of origin, their lore, their effort on costume, dwellings, diet, and on painting, sculpture, music, and poetry. This book is not a statistical record of commercial imports and medieval trade, but rather a \"humanistic essay, however material its subject matter.\"

A search is performed for long-lived heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), produced through the decay of a W boson along with a muon or electron. Two channels are explored: a leptonic channel, in which the HNL decays into two leptons and a neutrino, and a semi-leptonic channel, in which the HNL decays into a lepton and a charged pion. The search is performed with 140 fb(-1) of root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by ATLAS during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. No excess of events is observed; Dirac-like and Majorana-like HNLs with masses below 14.5 GeV and mixing coefficients as small as 10(-7) are excluded at the 95% confidence level. The results are interpreted under different assumptions on the flavour of the leptons from the HNL decays.

A search is performed for narrow resonances decaying into WW, WZ, or ZZ boson pairs using 20.3 fb−1 of proton--proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of s√ = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Diboson resonances with masses in the range from 1.3 to 3.0 TeV are sought after using the invariant mass distribution of dijets where both jets are tagged as a boson jet, compatible with a highly boosted W or Z boson decaying to quarks, using jet mass and substructure properties. The largest deviation from a smoothly falling background in the observed dijet invariant mass distribution occurs around 2 TeV in the WZ channel, with a global significance of 2.5 standard deviations. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching ratio for the WZ final state of a new heavy gauge boson, W′, and for the WW and ZZ final states of Kaluza--Klein excitations of the graviton in a bulk Randall--Sundrum model, as a function of the resonance mass. W′ bosons with couplings predicted by the extended gauge model in the mass range from 1.3 to 1.5 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level.

The radiative decays χ c1 (3872) → ψ(2S) γ and χ c1 (3872) → J/ψγ are used to probe the nature of the χ c1 (3872) state using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb − 1 . Using the B + → χ c1 (3872)K + decay, the χ c1 (3872) → ψ(2S) γ process is observed for the first time and the ratio of its partial width to that of the χ c1 (3872) → J/ψγ decay is measured to be Γχc1(3872)→ψ(2S)γ/Γχc1(3872)→J/ψγ= 1.67 ± 0.21 ± 0.12 ± 0.04, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainties on the branching fractions of the ψ(2S) and J/ψ mesons. The measured ratio makes the interpretation of the χ c1 (3872) state as a pure D 0 D‾ *0 + D‾ 0 D *0 molecule questionable and strongly indicates a sizeable compact charmonium or tetraquark component within the χ c1 (3872) state.

Abstract The process e + e − → K S 0 K S 0 ψ 3686 e⁺e⁻→ K_(S)⁰K_(S)⁰ψ (3686) is studied by analyzing e + e − collision data samples collected at eight center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.682 to 4.951 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.1 fb −1. Observation of the e + e − → K S 0 K S 0 ψ 3686 e⁺e⁻→ K_(S)⁰K_(S)⁰ψ (3686) process is found for the first time with a statistical significance of 6.3σ, and the cross sections at each center-of-mass energy are measured. The ratio of cross sections of e + e − → K S 0 K S 0 ψ 3686 e⁺e⁻→ K_(S)⁰K_(S)⁰ψ (3686) relative to e + e − → K + K − ψ(3686) is determined to be σ e + e − → K S 0 K S 0 ψ 3686 σ e + e − → K + K − ψ 3686 = 0.45 ± 0.25 ((σ \\left{(}{e}{⁺}e⁻→ K_(S)⁰K_(S)⁰ψ (3686)\\right))/(σ \\left{(}{e}{⁺}e⁻→ K⁺K⁻ψ (3686)\\right)))=0.45± 0.25 , which is consistent with the prediction based on isospin symmetry. The uncertainty includes both statistical and systematic contributions. Additionally, the K S 0 ψ 3686 K_(S)⁰ψ (3686) invariant mass distribution is found to be consistent with three-body phase space. The significance of a contribution beyond three-body phase space is only 0.8σ.

A search for new resonances decaying into a pair of jets is reported using the dataset of proton-proton collisions recorded at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider between 2015 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb(-1). The distribution of the invariant mass of the two leading jets is examined for local excesses above a data-derived estimate of the Standard Model background. In addition to an inclusive dijet search, events with jets identified as containing b-hadrons are examined specifically. No significant excess of events above the smoothly falling background spectra is observed. The results are used to set cross-section upper limits at 95% confidence level on a range of new physics scenarios. Model-independent limits on Gaussian-shaped signals are also reported. The analysis looking at jets containing b-hadrons benefits from improvements in the jet flavour identification at high transverse momentum, which increases its sensitivity relative to the previous analysis beyond that expected from the higher integrated luminosity.