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Modelling for very fast transients (VFTs) requires good knowledge of the behaviour of gas insulated substation (GIS) components when subjected to high frequencies. Modelling usually takes the form of circuit-based insulation coordination type studies, in an effort to determine the maximum overvoltages and waveshapes present around the system. At very high frequencies, standard transmission line modelling assumptions may not be valid. Therefore, the approach to modelling of these transients must be re-evaluated. In this work, the high frequency finite element analysis (FEA) was used to enhance circuit-based models, allowing direct computation of parameters from geometric and material characteristics. Equivalent models that replicate a finite element model’s frequency response for bus-spacer and 90° elbow components were incorporated in alternative transients program-electromagnetic transients program (ATP-EMTP) using a pole-residue equivalent circuit derived following rational fitting using the well-established and robust method of vector fitting (VF). A large model order is often required to represent this frequency dependent behaviour through admittance matrices, leading to increased computational burden. Moreover, while highly accurate models can be derived, the data extracted from finite element solutions can be non-passive, leading to instability when included in time domain simulations. A simple method of improved stability for FEA derived responses along with a method for identification of a minimum required model order for stability of transient simulations is proposed.

An informative look at the theory, computer implementation, and application of the scaled boundary finite element method   This reliable resource, complete with MATLAB, is an easy-to-understand introduction to the fundamental principles of the scaled boundary finite element method.

ANSYS Mechanical APDL for Finite Element Analysis provides a hands-on introduction to engineering analysis using one of the most powerful commercial general purposes finite element programs on the market.

The finite element method (FEM) is a computational tool widely used to design and analyse  complex structures. Currently, there are a number of different approaches to analysis using the FEM that vary according to the type of structure being analysed: beams and plates may use 1D or 2D approaches, shells and solids 2D or 3D approaches, and methods that work for one structure are typically not optimized to work for another. Finite Element Analysis of Structures Through Unified Formulation deals with the FEM used for the analysis of the mechanics of structures in the case of linear elasticity. The novelty of this book is that the finite elements (FEs) are formulated on the basis of a class of theories of structures known as the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF). It formulates 1D, 2D and 3D FEs on the basis of the same 'fundamental nucleus' that comes from geometrical relations and Hooke's law, and presents both 1D and 2D refined FEs that only have displacement variables as in 3D elements. It also covers 1D and 2D FEs that make use of 'real' physical surfaces rather than 'artificial' mathematical surfaces which are difficult to interface in CAD/CAE software. Key features: * Covers how the refined formulation can be easily and conveniently used to analyse laminated structures, such as sandwich and composite structures, and to deal with multifield problems * Shows the performance of different FE models through the 'best theory diagram' which allows different models to be compared in terms of accuracy and computational cost * Introduces an axiomatic/asymptotic approach that reduces the computational cost of the structural analysis without affecting the accuracy * Introduces an innovative 'component-wise' approach to deal with complex structures * Accompanied by a website hosting the dedicated software package MUL2 (www.mul2.com) Finite Element Analysis of Structures Through Unified Formulation is a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners, and is also a useful source of information for graduate students in civil, mechanical and aerospace engineering.

The Finite Element Method in Engineering is the only book to provide a broad overview of the underlying principles of finite element analysis and where it fits into the larger context of other mathematically based engineering analytical tools. This is an updated and improved version of a finite element text long noted for its practical applications approach, its readability, and ease of use. Students will find in this textbook a thorough grounding of the mathematical principles underlying the popular, analytical methods for setting up a finite element solution based on mathematical equations. The book provides a host of real-world applications of finite element analysis, from structural design to problems in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. It has added new sections on the assemblage of element equations, as well as an important new comparison between finite element analysis and other analytical methods showing advantages and disadvantages of each. This book will appeal to students in mechanical, structural, electrical, environmental and biomedical engineering.

Due to the price uncertainty of rare-earth PM materials and limited availability around the globe, it is required to think about new electric motor candidate for automotive industries. According to the literature survey, it is observed that PMBLDC is the widely used in automotive industry for low power applications. There are some noticeable limitations reported with this motor such as high cost of PM, demagnetization, and complex control. Based on the comparative analysis of three motors, i.e., Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), and PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor (PMASynRM) through Finite Element Method (FEM) for the same design parameters, it is concluded the proposed alternative is a PMASynRM. As per the research gap findings, authors have designed the PMASynRM for low-power EV applications with novel rotor geometry. The simulation results of FE analysis validate the proposed motor design for the various performance parameters.

The Finite Element Method (FEM) has become an indispensable technology for the modelling and simulation of engineering systems.Written for engineers and students alike, the aim of the book is to provide the necessary theories and techniques of the FEM for readers to be able to use a commercial FEM package to solve primarily linear problems in.

The topology optimization (TO) process has the objective to structurally optimize products in various industries, such as in biomechanical engineering. Additive manufacturing facilitates this procedure and enables the utility of advanced structures in order to achieve the optimal product design. Currently, orthopedic implants are fabricated from metal or metal alloys with totally solid structure to withstand the applied loads; nevertheless, such a practice reduces the compatibility with human tissues and increases the manufacturing cost as more feedstock material is needed. This article investigates the possibility of applying bioinspired lattice structures (cellular materials) in order to topologically optimize an orthopedic hip implant, made of Inconel 718 superalloy. Lattice structures enable topology optimization of an object by reducing its weight and increasing its porosity without compromising its mechanical behavior. Specifically, three different bioinspired advanced lattice structures were investigated through finite element analysis (FEA) under in vivo loading. Furthermore, the regions with lattice structure were optimized through functional gradation of the cellular material. Results have shown that optimal design of hip implant geometry, in terms of stress behavior, was achieved through functionally graded lattice structures and the hip implant is capable of withstanding up to two times the in vivo loads, suggesting that this design is a suitable and effective replacement for a solid implant.

This paper presents a comprehensive model for the inertia force field acting on a moving connecting rod. The derived formulas enable the accurate calculation of resultant inertia forces and their distribution on individual components for finite element analysis (FEA). The method applies to symmetrical and complex-shaped connecting rods, addressing challenges in modeling forces for asymmetrical designs. This work advances the precision of stress and vibration modeling in connecting rods, crucial for tribology and reliability studies. By improving the understanding of wear and failure mechanisms in reciprocating systems, it supports design optimization. The article presents the application of the proposed computational methods using three materials typically used for connecting rod construction: 42CrMo4, aluminum 2618, and Ti6Al4V. The presented results demonstrate how the material selection influences the total inertia force and the resulting stresses within the material. The numerical results are presented based on simulations conducted for two connecting rods of different sizes, operating at extremely different rotational speeds. The conducted analyses show that in the examined cases, rotational speed is the key factor influencing inertia stresses. The implementation, based on Open Source tools, allows a numerical analysis of inertia forces and stresses, with all the methods and models available in an open repository.

Though many 'finite element' books exist, this book provides a unique focus on developing the method for three-dimensional, industrial problems. This is significant as many methods which work well for small applications fail for large scale problems, which generally: * are not so well posed * introduce stringent computer time conditions * require robust solution techniques. Starting from sound continuum mechanics principles, derivation in this book focuses only on proven methods. Coverage of all different aspects of linear and nonlinear thermal mechanical problems in solids are described, thereby avoiding distracting the reader with extraneous solutions paths. Emphasis is put on consistent representation and includes the examination of topics which are not frequently found in other texts, such as cyclic symmetry, rigid body motion and nonlinear multiple point constraints. Advanced material formulations include anisotropic hyperelasticity, large strain multiplicative viscoplasticity and single crystal viscoplasticity. Finally, the methods described in the book are implemented in the finite element software CalculiX, which is freely available (www.calculix.de; the GNU General Public License applies). Suited to industry practitioners and academic researchers alike, The Finite Element Method for Three-Dimensional Thermomechanical Applications expertly bridges the gap between continuum mechanics and the finite element method.