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Ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) causes a lethal disease in cattle and some wild ruminants called malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), which affects the epithelial and lymphoid tissues of the respiratory and digestive tracts and has an important impact on the livestock industry. In this study, MCF was diagnosed in 18 of 427 cattle from different sites in Egypt by its typical clinical signs, found in all 18 animals: corneal opacity, fever, erosions in the buccal cavity, lymphadenitis, and purulent nasal discharge. All affected cattle had been reared in contact with clinically inconspicuous sheep. Of the 18 clinically ill cattle, 13 succumbed to the disease, resulting in estimated morbidity and case fatality rates of 4.2% and 72.2%, respectively. Five samples collected from the affected cattle were positive for OvHV-2 by real-time PCR and were used for sequencing of an 832-bp fragment of the ORF27/gp48 gene. The ORF27 nucleotide sequence of all Egyptian samples was identical, but distinct from viruses found in other parts of Africa and the Mediterranean.

Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encodes several genes which products interact with MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) in the secretory pathway to evade antigen presentation. The product of MCMV-m06 gene associates with nascent MHC-I proteins and redirects them into lysosomes for degradation. This report will demonstrate that MCMV-m06 protein is retained in perinuclear early endosomes together with internalized MHC-I molecules. Since we were not able to capture the MCMV-m06 protein on the cell surface, our data suggests that the MCMV-m06 protein is transported from the Golgi into early endosomal intermediates prior to their maturation into multivesicular endosomes and lysosomes. In NIH 3T3 cells with the transfected m06 gene, the endosomal localization of the m06 protein was not observed, suggesting that another MCMV function remodels the route of m06 trafficking from the Golgi towards late endosomes. (doi: 10.5562/cca1816) Keywords: murine cytomegalovirus, m06/gp48, major histocompatibility class I molecules, early endosomal retention