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Understanding collective decision making : a fitness landscape model approach
Collective decision making seems a straightforward matter: people come together and decide. But why is it that today's winners can turn into tomorrow's losers? Why can't you always get what you want? How does the interaction between the decision makers influence the outcome? And are opportunists better off than stubborn decision makers? This book takes a refreshing look at collective decision making by using models of evolutionary biology and naturalistic decision making to analyse real-world cases. These cases include the rise and fall of the Dutch high-speed railway project and the unexpected effects of introducing public-private partnerships to connect the new Thai national airport to Bangkok. Gerrits and Marks successfully guide the reader towards an in-depth understanding through rich empirical research and uncover the beautiful complexity of collective decision making. Understanding Collective Decision Making will be of great interest to academics working in public administration, political science and evolutionary theory. Public managers will also find this book helpful to understand why and how collective decisions are formed.
Book
Distributed Situation Awareness
This book presents an exhaustive review and evaluation of contemporary theoretical perspectives on SA and of a range of SA measurement approaches. A novel theory of DSA in complex sociotechnical systems is presented, followed by an original methodology for assessing SA and DSA in command and control environments. It contains several naturalistic case studies of command and control scenarios undertaken in numerous military domains, as well as one involving multiple high-consequence civilian domains.
eBook
An extended COPRAS model for multi-criteria decision-making problems and its application in web-based hotel evaluation and selection
Facilitation of suitable accommodation for different travellers is the prime concern of travel agencies. Travel agencies must keep themselves competitive and sustain a good pace of growth to continue raising profits by attracting and retaining as many tourists as possible through meeting their various prospective needs. To achieve this, the agencies must prepare well-organised data for hotels and destinations from a quality control perspective. Initially, the hotels are ranked and evaluated according to performance across several criteria from the tourists' viewpoint. The relative importance of each criterion is mainly subjective and depends on the assessor's judgement. Additionally, hotels' rankings vary across different websites, resulting in inconsistencies. To handle such inconsistencies and subjectivity, this paper presents a collective decision-making evaluation framework by integrating a weighted interval rough number (WIRN) method and a WIRN-based complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) model to evaluate and rank hotels. An empirical example and a real-world case study from the Indian tourism industry are presented to validate the applicability of the proposed framework. Finally, a comparison and sensitivity analysis are performed to examine the validity and robustness of the proposed model.
Journal Article
Constructive controversy : theory, research, practice
\"Why do people make decisions based on their own perspective without considering alternative points of view? Do differences of opinion enhance or obstruct critical thinking? Is it wise to seek out people who disagree with you and listen to their objections to your conclusions? Focusing on the theory, research, and application of constructive controversy, this book analyses the nature of disagreement among members of decision-making groups, project teams, academic study groups, and other groups that are involved in solving problems. Johnson demonstrates that this theory is one of the most effective methods of enhancing creativity and innovation, decision making, teaching, and political discourse. The book includes entertaining and intriguing examples of how constructive controversy has been used in a variety of historical periods to advance creativity, achieve innovations, and guide democracies. It will be welcomed by students in the fields of social psychology, management/business studies, education, and communication studies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios
Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios: Design and Evaluation for Real-World Teams translates advances in macrocognition into a format that will support immediate use by the software testing and evaluation community for large-scale systems, as well as real-world team trainers. It provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of macrocognition, describes new macrocognitive metrics, and provides guidance on using the metrics in the context of different approaches to evaluation and measurement of real-world teams.
eBook
Dynamic Chaotic Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making under Weighted T-Spherical Fuzzy Soft Rough Sets
In this article, the parameter of the decision maker’s familiarity with the attributes of the alternatives is introduced for the first time in dynamic multi-attribute group decision making to avoid the disadvantages arising from the inappropriate grouping of decision makers. We combine it with fuzzy soft rough set theory and dynamic multi-attribute-grouping decision making to obtain a new decision model, i.e., dynamic chaotic multiple-attribute group decision making. Second, we provide an algorithm for solving this model under a weighted T-spherical fuzzy soft rough set, which can not only achieve symmetry between decision evaluation and fuzzy information but also establish a good symmetrical balance between decision makers and attributes (evaluation indexes). Finally, a specific numerical computation case is proposed to illustrate the convenience and effectiveness of our constructed algorithm. Our contributions to the literature are: (1) We introduced familiarity for the first time in dynamic multi-attribute group decision making. This makes our given dynamic chaotic multi-attribute group decision-making (DCMAGDM) model more general and closer to the actual situation; (2) we combined dynamic chaotic multi-attribute group decision making with T-spherical fuzzy soft rough set theory to make the model more realistic and reflect the actual situation. In addition, our choice of T-spherical fuzzy soft rough set allows the decision maker to engage in a sensible evaluation rather than sticking to numerical size choices; and (3) we constructed a new and more convenient sorting/ranking algorithm based on weighted T-spherical fuzzy soft rough sets.
Journal Article
Aggregation of the nearest consistency matrices with the acceptable consensus in AHP-GDM
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is widely used in group decision making (GDM). There are two traditional aggregation methods for the collective preference in AHP-GDM: aggregation of the individual judgments (AIJ) and aggregation of the individual priorities (AIP). However, AHP-GDM is sometimes less reliable only under the condition of AIJ and AIP because of the consensus and consistency of the individual pair-wise comparison matrices (PCMs) and prioritization methods. In this paper, we propose aggregation of the nearest consistent matrices (ANCM) with the acceptable consensus in AHP-GDM, simultaneously considering the consensus and consistency of the individual PCMs. ANCM is independent of prioritization methods while complying with the Pareto principal of social choice theory. Moreover, ANCM is easy to program and implement in resolving highly complex group decision making problems. Finally, two numerical examples illustrate the applications and advantages of the proposed ANCM.
Journal Article