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Factor Analysis Investigating the Efficacy of HP-3070 Transdermal System in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Five Adults With Schizophrenia
IntroductionHP-3070, a once-daily asenapine transdermal system, is FDA-approved for adults with schizophrenia. In a pivotal phase 3 randomized controlled study, patients with schizophrenia who were treated once daily with HP-3070 demonstrated significant improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores compared with placebo. The PANSS score’s five-factor structure can also assess treatment efficacy across different domains. This post-hoc analysis of the pivotal study evaluated the efficacy of HP-3070 by examining these domains.MethodsIn the pivotal phase 3 study, adults with acute exacerbations of schizophrenia were randomized to 6 weeks of treatment with HP-3070 3.8mg/24h, 7.6mg/24h, or placebo. Factor analysis of PANSS scores was performed using five domains (negative symptoms, positive symptoms, disorganized thought, uncontrolled hostility/excitement, anxiety/depression). Mixed-model repeated-measures (MMRM) analysis included change from baseline in PANSS factor score as the repeated dependent variable, with country, treatment, visit, treatment by visit interaction, and baseline PANSS score as covariates.ResultsThe analysis included 607 patients. Least-squares mean estimates (standard error) of the difference from placebo in change from baseline to Week 6 for each factor were as follows: negative symptoms, 3.8mg/24h, -0.9 (0.43), P=0.045, and 7.6mg/24h, -0.4 (0.43), P=0.41; positive symptoms, 3.8mg/24h, -2.3 (0.57), P<0.001, and 7.6mg/24h, -2.0 (0.57), P<0.001; disorganized thought, 3.8mg/24h, -1.5 (0.38), P<0.001, and 7.6mg/24h, -0.9 (0.38), P=0.03; uncontrolled hostility/excitement: 3.8mg/24h, -1.1 (0.30), P<0.001, and 7.6mg/24h -0.9 (0.30), P=0.002; anxiety/depression, 3.8mg/24h, -0.5 (0.31), P=0.14, and 7.6mg/24h, -0.6 (0.31), P=0.07.ConclusionsHP-3070 demonstrated treatment effects on a PANSS five-factor model, with the results indicating impact on negative symptoms, positive symptoms, disorganized thought, uncontrolled hostility/excitement, and anxiety/depression. These findings suggest that HP-3070 may address a broad range of symptoms in schizophrenia.FundingNoven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical, Co.
Journal Article
Conducta Suicida y Acontecimientos Vitales Estresantes: el Papel Mediador de la Tríada Impulsividad-Agresividad-Hostilidad Mediante Autopsia Psicológica
Background: Stressful life events (SLEs), impulsivity, aggression, and hostility are known risk factors for suicide. The existence of an “I-A-H Triad” (composed of impulsiveness, aggressiveness and hostility) is proposed as a mediating factor between SLEs and suicide. Method: Data on 399 deceased people (274 from suicide, 125 from other causes) were collected through psychological autopsy. The Paul Ramsey Life Experience Scale (to collect SLE history), the Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory(BDHI) were applied, using versions adapted for psychological autopsy. Results: Comparative analysis of the two groups showed significant differences in the variables of interest (SLE: t = 7.280; BDHI: t = 4.201; BIS-11: t = 3.812; I-A-H Triad: t = 4.84). Mediation analysis confirmed the role of the I-A-H Triad in mediation of the presence of SLEs and the type of death. Conclusions: High levels of impulsivity, aggression, and hostility increase the risk of suicide when a person is faced with SLEs.
Journal Article
Within-group synchronization in the prefrontal cortex associates with intergroup conflict
Individuals immersed in groups sometimes lose their individuality, take risks they would normally avoid and approach outsiders with unprovoked hostility. In this study, we identified within-group neural synchronization in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) and the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) as a candidate mechanism underlying intergroup hostility. We organized 546 individuals into 91 three-versus-three-person intergroup competitions, induced in-group bonding or no-bonding control manipulation and measured neural activity and within-group synchronization using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. After in-group bonding (versus control), individuals gave more money to in-group members than to out-group members and contributed more money to outcompete their rivals. In-group bonding decreased rDLPFC activity and increased functional connectivity between the rDLPFC and the rTPJ. Especially during the out-group attack, in-group bonding also increased within-group synchronization in both the rDLPFC and the rTPJ, and within-group rDLPFC synchronization positively correlated with intergroup hostility. Within-group synchronized reduction in prefrontal activity might explain how in-group bonding leads to impulsive and collective hostility toward outsiders.Using fNIRS hyperscanning in three-versus-three-person intergroup competitions, this study shows that in-group bonding and within-group synchronization of reduced dorsolateral prefrontal activity escalate intergroup conflict.
Journal Article
Nabukko
\"Eff wakes up on a strange planet, with no memories of her past or how she got there. But she soon realizes she is not the only one stranded on the mysterious planet. As Eff struggles to piece together her past and decipher the truth, she discovers dark secrets and hidden agendas among her fellow survivors. Haunted by strange nightmares and unexplained phenomena, she begins to wonder if their presence on the planet may not be a simple accident. As tensions rise and allegiances shift, Eff must navigate the treacherous landscape of the planet and her own fractured memories to uncover the truth and, ultimately, find a way to escape.
BOOK
Maternal hostility, moral reasoning and sharing in children
Maternal hostility is a risk factor for children’s prosocial behavior. However, the mediating mechanisms underlying the relation between maternal hostility and children’s sharing behavior remain unknown. The present study primarily aimed to examine the relations among moral reasoning, maternal hostility, and sharing behavior during early and middle childhood. The sample consisted of 206 children (91 boys, 115 girls) aged between 4 and 9 years old (
M
= 84.27 (month),
SD
= 16.86) living in Turkey. Children’s sharing behavior was measured by the number of stickers they gave to other children in the dictator game. Children’s moral reasoning abilities were evaluated with several questions asked after reading four stories containing moral violations. Lastly, children’s perceptions of hostile behaviors of their mothers were evaluated with the Child-Puppet Interview. The results of the mediation analysis conducted with structural equation modeling showed that the relationship between maternal hostility and children’s sharing behavior was fully mediated by children’s moral reasoning abilities. Maternal hostility was negatively related to children’s moral reasoning, and children’s moral reasoning was found to be positively linked with sharing. The findings showed that hostile behaviors of mothers towards their children impaired children’s moral reasoning abilities and, in turn, decreased sharing.
Highlights
Maternal hostility is a risk factor for children’s moral reasoning and prosocial behaviors.
Maternal hostility is indirectly (via moral reasoning) associated with low sharing behavior in children.
There is an urgent need to implement intervention approaches and social policies to reduce parent’s hostile behaviors toward children.
Journal Article