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The prompt and accurate identification of the causes of pneumonia is necessary to implement rapid treatment and preventative approaches, reduce the burden of infections, and develop more successful intervention strategies. There has been an increase in the number of new pneumonia cases and diseases known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a direct consequence of the spread of COVID-19. Chest radiography has evolved to the point that it is now an indispensable diagnostic tool for COVID-19 infection pneumonia in hospitals. To fully exploit the technique, it is crucial to design a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system to assist doctors and other medical professionals in establishing an accurate and rapid diagnosis of pneumonia. This article presents a robust hybrid deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for rapidly identifying three categories (normal, COVID-19 and pneumonia (viral or bacterial)) using X-ray image data sourced from the COVID-QU-Ex dataset. The proposed approach on the test set achieved a rate of 99.25% accuracy, 99.10% Kappa-score, 99.43% AUC, 99.24% F1-score, 99.25% recall, and 99.23% precision, respectively. The outcomes of the experiments demonstrate that the presented hybrid DCNN mechanism for identifying three categories utilising X-ray images is robust and effective.