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The National Science Foundation-funded Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Aspire Alliance (Aspire) has made efforts to address broadening participation in STEM through multiple initiatives, including faculty professional development. Aspire, recognizing the positive outcomes related to inclusive teaching, developed the Inclusive Professional Framework (IPF), a conceptual framework that was designed to address equity in STEM. The IPF is focused on foundational awareness, knowledge, and skill development that can be applied to all areas of faculty responsibilities, and in turn ensures that faculty are engaged in not only inclusive teaching, but inclusive practices across their multiple roles with students and colleagues. The IPF was created to center a reflective process, which in turn leads to self-reflexivity. The Aspire team found operationalizing the framework in concrete ways and building faculty skills in self-reflexivity to be more challenging than they had anticipated. Through qualitative interviews, this paper highlights the challenges inherent in moving from conceptual framework to practice by examining how developers and facilitators of the framework conceptualized the IPF and how they attempted to operationalize it in their personal or professional lives. This paper also underscores the nuancing that occurs as individuals continue to make sense of a framework after it is initially published and they begin to use it in their practice–field testing the ideas and concepts in the real world. This knowledge is especially helpful to faculty developers that work in centers for teaching and learning, higher education administrators, and faculty.

European countries are increasingly committed to human rights and inclusive education. However, persistent educational and social inequalities indicate uneven implementation of inclusive education. This article reviews scholarly evidence on inclusion and its implementation, to show how inclusive education helps ensure both quality education and later social inclusion. Structurally, the article first establishes a conceptual framework for inclusive education, next evaluates previous research methodologies, and then reviews the academic and social benefits of inclusion. The fourth section identifies successful implementation strategies. The article concludes with suggestions on bridging the gap between inclusive education research, policy, and practice.

Inclusive practices are essential determinants of academic success for students with learning disabilities (LD) in university education. The current study examined the familiarity of faculty members with inclusive practices for students with LD in a university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A quantitative survey design was employed with 264 faculty members who had inadequate familiarity with inclusive practices for students with LD. Differences were noted in the inclusive practices provided to the students as Saudi faculty members were inadequately familiar with instructional, classroom and assignment practices. The study also showed that Saudi faculty members were unfamiliar with examination practices provided to students with LD. Demographic variables showed statistically insignificant differences in Saudi university education. Implications and suggestions for future research were also highlighted. 

Purpose This study aims to examine newcomers experiencing maladjustment due to cognitive diversity, specifically, how maladjustment affects their turnover intentions; the mediating role of reported workplace bullying; and the buffering effect of perceived inclusive practices in the hospitality sector. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected time-lagged data from 403 respondents and analyzed the data through hierarchical regression analyses using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 25.0. Findings Role ambiguity, low self-efficacy and social exclusion could each lead to newcomers’ reported workplace bullying (NRB). Perceived inclusive practices buffered the impacts of role ambiguity and social exclusion. NRB negatively mediated the relationships between role ambiguity and NRB; and social exclusion and NRB. Practical implications Hospitality practitioners should specify work procedures to minimize role ambiguities and record service processes to correct mistakes, reward veterans who help newcomers improve self-efficacy, invite newcomers to develop inclusive practices and review employee comments on third-party platforms to understand factors responsible for turnover intention. Originality/value This study contextualized cognitive diversity into newcomers’ maladjustment-bullying-turnover model in China’s hospitality industry. It highlighted the buffering effect of perceived inclusive practices in the relationships between maladjustment and reported bullying and turnover intentions among newcomers and confirmed the important role of self-efficacy in addressing adverse work events.

Research on special education teachers has increased in recent years. However, few studies have investigated factors related to teachers’ preference for a specific style in inclusive education. For this reason, the aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the mediating role of autonomous motivation in the relationship between teachers’ efficacy for inclusive practice (TEIP) and teaching styles (structuring, autonomous, controlling, chaotic). Four hundred and twenty-three pre-service special education teachers participated in the study. Participants were administered the following self-reports: TEIP scale, Autonomous Motivations for Teaching Scale, and the Situations-in-School questionnaire. SEM analysis confirmed the role of autonomous motivation as a mediator for TEIP on teaching styles. Moreover, the results showed a positive association between TEIP and both autonomy and structuring teaching styles. The findings of this study suggest the importance of implementing specific special-education teacher training to promote intrinsic motivation toward teaching in an inclusive context.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrative framework of servant leadership and employees’ perception of inclusion. The authors argue that servant leadership embodies an inclusive leadership philosophy that is in a position to facilitate feelings of belongingness and uniqueness among diverse employees. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical model capturing the effect of servant leadership in shaping climates for inclusion, is developed. The authors elaborate on research streams focussing on climates for inclusion, and examine servant leadership as a potential predictor of inclusion. In this respect, the authors posit that inclusive practices mediate the servant leadership and inclusion relationship, while leaders’ inclusiveness beliefs moderate the servant leadership and inclusive practices relationship. Findings The model introduces mediating mechanisms that intervene in the indirect relationship between servant leadership and climates for inclusion. In so doing, the authors seek to identify how organizational practices supported through servant leadership behaviors address employee needs for belongingness and uniqueness. The model predicts multi-level beneficial outcomes for social identity groups. Practical implications The paper identifies a bundle of organizational practices facilitating employees’ perceptions of inclusion, by placing an emphasis on how servant leaders can enact and implement practices in view of attaining inclusiveness pursuits. Social implications Servant leadership is inclusive by empowering diverse employees and fostering equitable and more humane workplaces, as well as by being more sensitive to various societal expectations. Originality/value The paper is intended to explore precisely how servant leadership can help inclusive ideals to thrive in diverse work environments.

Globally prevalent, Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) have negative consequences on students’ social, intellectual, emotional, and post-school transition results. While assessment tools exist, the majority of them were developed from the perspective of clinical psychology and/or healthcare. Some are lengthy and commercialized, and some have weak factorial validity. A feasible and practical assessment method, from the perspective of educational psychology and assessment, is required to better accurately and effectively assess the social and academic performance of ASD students in inclusive settings. With an emphasis on teachers’ practice and output in helping students with ASD in inclusive education, this study evaluated the Practice and Product Inventory of Supporting Students with ASD (PPI-SSA) psychometric qualities. PPI-SSA was designed to be practical, concise, and especially suited for quantitative research on ASD. The inventory was administered to 411 teachers in Hong Kong, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the PPI-SSA’s reliability and validity. A follow-up path analysis examined the concurrent validity of the PPI-SSA, revealing significant pathways between teachers’ intentions to implement inclusive education and each of the respective dimensions within the PPI-SSA. Measurement invariance results showed that the PPI-SSA demonstrated configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance across primary and secondary teachers. The PPI-SSA, as a non-commercial instrument, has meaningful implications. It can facilitate the efficient collection of more empirical data on the social and academic achievements of students with ASD, informing evidence-based improvement of inclusive practices. It can assist in teachers’ practice to identify the diverse social and academic needs of students with ASD to align with their corresponding adjustments of teaching strategies.

The global movement toward inclusivity reflects a growing recognition of the need to provide equitable access to education for all learners. This paper examines the practice of inclusive education in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a focus on English teachers’ attitudes toward teaching children with disabilities in foreign language classrooms. Data were collected from 20 English teachers using the structured interview, after which their responses were thematically analysed. The findings reveal mixed perspectives; some teachers expressed reservations about teaching in inclusive classrooms, while others strongly advocated for inclusive practices; expressing a willingness to adopt effective strategies and methodologies to integrate learners with disabilities. By capturing and highlighting the teachers’ views and practices on inclusivity, this paper provides insights into the common challenges they face and the strategies they employ to integrate students with disabilities into classrooms, hence contributing to the ongoing efforts to create more equitable and supportive learning environments for all students, particularly those with disabilities.

Cultural diversity in schools takes on various forms, including social class, ethnicity, religion and nationality, among other factors that constitute students’ identity, influencing their learning. Therefore, one of the biggest challenges that educational systems face internationally is the effective inclusion of all children and young people in schools. For this process to be successful, the roles played by teachers are essential. Thus, our main objective with this systematic literature review is to expand knowledge and awareness of cultural diversity issues to promote the inclusion of learners from primary to secondary education in Europe. To achieve this, we will highlight teachers’ perceptions of students’ cultural diversity and identify a range of strategies and practices that can contribute to the development of their professional learning. The search was conducted in two databases, Scopus and the Web of Science, and focused on articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of the 3976 identified articles, 41 were included in this study. The findings suggest that teachers consider diversity to be a challenge despite the existence of a favorable view toward students’ cultural diversity. A set of solutions is given for the development of inclusion processes.