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\"Oceanian Journeys and Sojourns focuses on how Pacific Island peoples -- Oceanians -- think about a range of journeys near and far: their meanings, motives and implications. In addition to addressing human mobility in various island locales, these essays deal with the interconnections of culture, identity and academic research among indigenous Pacific peoples that have emerged from the contributors' personal observations and fieldwork encounters. Firmly grounded in the human experience, this edited work offers insights into the development of new knowledge in and of the Pacific. More than half the authors are themselves Oceanians and five of twelve essays are by island women\"--Publisher's information.

This study aimed to compare the general and health care characteristics of young children of migrant and nonmigrant mothers from indigenous Tarahumara communities in Chihuahua, Mexico, and to evaluate the association between child risk for neurodevelopment delay with parental practices of early childhood stimulation. Male and female children aged 12 to 48 months were studied in two groups: 1) children of migrant mothers residing in urban settlements and 2) children of nonmigrant mothers residing in their native rural localities. Prevalence of the risk of moderate to severe neurodevelopment delay (MSND) was greater in children of migrant mothers as compared to nonmigrant mothers (75.6%, CI95% [69.5, 80.8] vs. 59.8%, [51.4, 67.7], p= .003). The proportion of children who received adequate and favorable early stimulation (FTES) at home was greater in children of nonmigrant mothers (p< .001). The migration of indigenous mothers to urban settlements was associated with child MSND (p= .03), as well as to insufficient early stimulation practices (p= .03). Consistent attendance at early childhood stimulation sessions through the Initial Education program was greater in children of nonmigrant mothers (p= .01), and nonattendance predicted child MSND (p= .02).

Indigenous youth are the fastest growing population in Canada, yet are marked by profound and disproportionate personal, societal, political, and colonial barriers that predispose them to mental health challenges, employment and educational barriers, and experiences of housing insecurity and homelessness. It is only from the perspectives and experiences of Indigenous community members themselves that we can gain appropriate insights into effective supports, meaningful interventions, and accessible pathways to security. This paper will explore the mental health of Indigenous youth who are at risk of, or who have experienced, homelessness, as well as the lifelong perspectives, teachings, and guidance from Indigenous Elders and traditional knowledge keepers; their perspectives are weaved throughout, in order to provide a more effective means to addressing holistic healing and the mental health needs of Indigenous homeless youth. As educators, researchers and clinicians who have sought to understand this issue in more depth, our analysis aims to raise awareness about the complexities of Indigenous youth homelessness and push back against systemic barriers that contribute to homelessness, fail young people, and subject them to oppression. We also offer recommendations from a clinical perspective in order for clinicians, researchers and those working within communities to serve our Indigenous youth with a diverse set of methods that are tailored and ethical in their approach.

Knowledge of the interplay between ecological and social influences in the context of land-use decision-making is sparse. To help fill this gap, we conducted participatory land-cover mapping in an indigenous territory of eastern Panama to identify factors that influenced household land-use decisions. The map illustrated a mosaic of land cover dominated by pasture. Primary discourse on influences from 35 semistructured interviews with landowners, women, and youth emphasized economic concerns, such as subsistence, and social-cultural factors, such as reticence to abandon traditional agriculture. Multivariate analysis showed that timing of family settlement helped determine proportion of forest cover, and place of origin helped determine proportion of short fallow for agriculture. Cultural norms and economic opportunities inform gendered perspectives; women perceived internal social-cultural influences and men perceived external and ecological influences on the land. Giving consideration to subsistence, traditional land uses, social organization, and women's perspectives could inform future communal reforestation.

This contribution studies the different modalities of insertion in artisan work of migrant indigenous people, both short and long range, residing in the city of Santiago de Chile during the first half of the 17th century. In that, the existence of the commission of personal service of the local indigenous people and of the province of Cuyo, as well as it’s absence amongst the migrants from Tucuman and Peru, along with the slavery of the war mapuche, marked the existence of diverse urban artisan work regimes. Esta contribución estudia las diferentes modalidades de inserción en el trabajo artesanal de los indígenas migrantes, tanto de corto como de largo alcance, residentes en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile durante la primera mitad del siglo XVII. En ello, la existencia de la encomienda de servicio personal de los indígenas locales y de Cuyo, a la vez que su ausencia entre los migrantes provenientes del Tucumán y del Perú, junto con la esclavitud de los mapuches de guerra, marcaron la existencia de diversos regímenes del trabajo urbano artesanal.

This article analyzes the history of the formation of a transnational market of indigenous Mixtec workers from the region of Montañade Guerrero in New York. Based on ethnographic work with undocumented Mixtec workers in the United States, this article examines the formation of labor migration from the South of Mexico. This research traces the history of proletarianization and re-configuration of class hierarchies within the indigenous proletariat from Montañade Guerrero as the product of old and new forms of dispossession that have transformed this region into a new reserve of labor.

This article explores the singularities of Kichwa-Otavalo migrants in Bogota. With seventy years of historical presence in this city that includes continual relationships not only between people in Colombia and Ecuador, but at the worldwide level as well, this population constitutes a complex and significant case for migration studies. On the one hand, it raises the question of transnational relations where the “place of origin” has been dislocated through secondary foci around which the population is articulated. On the other hand, it illustrates the importance of migratory networks with respect to recognition by the state. Thus, we show different forms of integration into the city and suggest that a central determining factor of living conditions in the city is tied to people’s relative position to established migratory networks. Este artículo explora algunas singularidades de los Kichwa-Otavalo en Bogotá. Tras una presencia histórica de setenta años que incluye relaciones continuas, no sólo entre personas en Colombia y Ecuador, sino en el ámbito mundial, esta población presenta un caso complejo y significativo para los estudios migratorios. Por un lado, plantea relaciones transnacionales donde el “lugar de origen” se disloca a partir de focos secundarios alrededor de los cuales se articula la población. Por otro, ilustra la importancia de redes migratorias frente al reconocimiento del Estado. Así, mostramos diferentes formas de integración a la ciudad y sugerimos que un determinante central de las condiciones de vida en la ciudad está atado a la posición relativa de las personas a redes migratorias establecidas. Este artigo explora algumas singularidades dos Kichwa-Otavalo em Bogotá. Após uma presença histórica de setenta anos que inclui relações contínuas, não somente entre pessoas na Colômbia e no Equador, mas também no âmbito mundial, essa população apresenta um caso complexo e significativo para os estudos migratórios. Por um lado, apresentam-se relações transnacionais em que o “lugar de origem” se desloca a partir de focos secundários em volta dos quais se articula a população. Por outro, ilustra-se a importância de redes migratórias ante o reconhecimento do Estado. Assim, mostramos as diferentes formas de integração à cidade e sugerimos que um determinante central das condições de vida na cidade está ligado à posição relativa das pessoas a redes migratórias estabelecidas.

Unsettled Frontiers provides a fresh view of how resource frontiers evolve over time. Since the French colonial era, the Cambodia-Vietnam borderlands have witnessed successive waves of market integration, migration, and disruption. The region has been reinvented and depleted as new commodities are exploited and transplanted: from vast French rubber plantations to the enforced collectivization of the Khmer Rouge; from intensive timber extraction to contemporary crop booms. The volatility that follows these changes has often proved challenging to govern. Sango Mahanty explores the role of migration, land claiming, and expansive social and material networks in these transitions, which result in an unsettled frontier, always in flux, where communities continually strive for security within ruptured landscapes.

The purpose of this reflection is to analyze the ethnic-racial relations generated in agricultural workplaces that tilt in racist practices caused by the indigenous population migrations from the area of Chiapas to the land of tequilain Altos de Jalisco located in Mexico, specifically the municipality of Arandas. Such relationships have been evolving since the end of the last century as a result of the increasing expansion of the tequila agro-industry, It is of particular interest to address issues that deal with labor and social relations in the environments migrants arrive, because these relationships are based on a negative appreciation of the difference, This attitude leads the native people of Jalisco to discriminate, segregate, marginalize and exploit, not only strangers or foreigners (even in the same country), but also who, by his indigenous status, is positioned in a lower stratum and whose phenotype is far from the idealized Altos del Jalisco native: the Caucasian type, Catholic, rancher. Adapted from the source document.

A small body of research has demonstrated the dramatic social, settlement and demographic effects of Indigenous „female flight‟ from remote communities in Alaska, Canada, and the Northern Sparsely Populated Areas of Europe. In the Northern Territory of Australia, remote Indigenous settlement patterns are highly similar to these areas but neither research nor policy have had anything to say about whether female flight has or might also impact there. This paper applies quantitative tests to thirty years of Census data to look for evidence of precursors in the Northern Territory and discusses the demographic and policy implications in light of the findings.