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In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in practice-based studies of organizational change. Most of this research does not explicitly consider the tension between situated and sociohistorical practices that are central to the transformation of work practices associated with an episode of change. In our study of the impact of off-the-shelf three-dimensional rendering software on the daily practice of architects in a small, highly regarded firm, we explore the incompatibility between these different levels of practice. By building on the concept of contradiction drawn from activity theory, we identify patterns of challenges, reenactments, and enactments through which situated change simultaneously reproduces and questions institutionalized practices.

By 10 January 2017, activists in the predominately Latina/o working class city of La Puente, California had lobbied the council to declare the city a sanctuary supporting immigrants, people of color, Muslims, LGBTQ people, and people with disabilities. The same community members urged the school district to declare itself a sanctuary. While community members rejoiced in pushing elected officials to pass these inclusive resolutions, there were multiple roadblocks reducing the potential for more substantive change. Drawing on city council and school board meetings, resolutions and my own involvement in this sanctuary struggle, I focus on a continuum of three overlapping and interlocking manifestations of white supremacist heteronormative patriarchy: neoliberal diversity discourses, institutionalized policies, and a re-emergence of high-profiled white supremacist activities. Together, these dynamics minimized, contained and absorbed community activism and possibilities of change. They reinforced the status quo by maintaining limits on who belongs and sustaining intersecting hierarchies of race, immigration status, gender, and sexuality. This extended case adds to the scant scholarship on the current sanctuary struggles, including among immigration scholars. It also illustrates how the state co-opts and marginalizes movement language, ideas, and people, providing a cautionary tale about the forces that restrict more transformative change.

This paper aims at creating an adequate theoretical basis for a systematic integration of institutional insights into the pragma-dialectical analysis of argumentative exchanges that occur in institutionalised contexts. The argumentative practice of Prime Minister’s Question Time in the British House of Commons is examined, as a case in point, in order to illustrate how the knowledge of the characteristics of an institution, its rules and conventions can be integrated into the pragma-dialectical analysis. The paper highlights the role that theoretical concepts and tools such as strategic manoeuvring, argumentative activity types and dialectical profiles play in this integration.

In recent years, Denmark has witnessed issues related to the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents, marked by rising psychiatric diagnoses, school absenteeism, and increasing segregation in educational settings. This development has intensified the demand for Educational Psychology (EP) practice services but also started a public and professional debate about the role and effectiveness of EP practice. Critics argue that EP practice is too detached from pedagogical realities, focusing excessively on documenting individual difficulties rather than supporting educational practices. Thus, educational psychologists are requested to make a turn towards practice. Through a situated psychological lens, this article explores the desired practice turn of EP practice: what kind of practice is presented in the current educational and political discussion and what is the role of educational psychology and educational psychology practice in this raised critique of a ‘practice-distant’ EP practice? Through a situated psychological lens, the article argues that understanding the field of EP practice, including the role of educational psychologists in contemporary educational practices, requires acknowledging its historical and contextual situatedness inside the practice of institutionalized education. In addition, the article argues for a fundamental theoretical and normative discussion about the type of practices educational psychologists should support.

Theory and research on the psychopathy construct have increased dramatically over the past few decades. The international instrument of choice for the clinical and forensic assessment of this construct in basic neuroscience research and in the criminal justice system is the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991, 2003). Its psychometric properties, structure, and correlates are well-known. In this article I present new findings in which the 4 first-order factors of the PCL-R (Interpersonal, Affective, Lifestyle, Antisocial) can be used to good effect in understanding the nature of psychopathy and in predicting variables of interest to the criminal justice system. My colleagues and I used a variable-centered approach (structural equation modelling) to show how each of the factors make unique contributions to the prediction of violence, treatment outcome, institutional behaviour, and so forth. We used a person-oriented approach (latent profile analysis; LPA) to identify factor profiles among offenders with high PCL-R scores: manipulative psychopaths (LC1), aggressive psychopaths (LC2), and sociopaths (LC3). We view LC1 and LC2 as variants of psychopathy and LC3 as a subtype of offender. We also conducted LPAs on entire samples of offenders (not just those with high scores). Across several large and diverse samples, we consistently identified 4 profiles of factor scores, which we identified as Psychopath (C1), Callous-conning Offender (C2), Sociopath (C3), and General Offender (C4). Finally, I briefly addressed 2 issues related to the potential for misuse of the PCL-R in the legal context: field reliability of the PCL-R, and adversarial/allegiance effects associated with its use. La théorie et la recherche sur la psychopathie ont augmenté de façon spectaculaire au cours des dernières décennies. L'instrument international de choix pour l'évaluation médico-légale et clinique de cette pathologie, tant en recherche sur les neurosciences fondamentales que celles sur le système de justice, est la Psychopathy Checklist - Révisée (PCL-R; Hare, 1991, 2003). Ses propriétés psychométriques, sa structure, et ses corrélats sont bien connus. Dans cet article, je présente de nouveaux constats dans lesquels les quatre facteurs de premier ordre de la PCL-R (interpersonnel, affectif, mode de vie, antisocial) peuvent être utilisés à bon escient dans la compréhension de la nature de la psychopathie et dans la prédiction des variables d'intérêt pour le système de justice pénale. Mes collègues et moi avons utilisé une approche centrée sur les variables (modélisation par équation structurelle) pour montrer comment chacun des facteurs contribue de manière unique à la prédiction de la violence, au résultat du traitement, au comportement en établissement, et ainsi de suite. Nous avons utilisé une approche axée sur la personne (analyse de profil latente : APL) afin d'identifier des profils de facteur parmi les contrevenants affichant des scores PCL-R élevés : psychopathes manipulateurs (LC1), psychopathes agressifs (LC2) et sociopathes (LC3). Nous considérons LC1 et LC2 comme des variantes de la psychopathie et LC3 comme un sous-type de contrevenant. Nous avons également mené des APL sur l'ensemble des échantillons de délinquants (et non seulement ceux affichant des scores élevés). À travers plusieurs échantillons diversifiés et de taille importante, nous avons systématiquement identifié quatre profils des scores factoriels, que nous avons étiquetés comme suit : psychopathe (C1), contrevenant insensible et trompeur (C2), sociopathe (C3), et contrevenant en général (C4). Enfin, j'ai abordé brièvement deux problématiques associées à une mauvaise utilisation de la PCL-R en contexte juridique: La fidélité sur le terrain de la PCL-R ainsi que les effets d'adversaire/allégeance associés à son utilisation.

As populations age, micronutrient deficiencies increase and are linked to frailty, functional decline, cognitive impairment, anemia, and a higher healthcare burden. This review synthesizes evidence from the past five years on adults ≥65 years, comparing residents of nursing homes/assisted-living facilities with community-dwelling peers. Community-dwelling older adults show high prevalence of deficiencies—particularly vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, folate, and zinc—while vitamin B12 deficiency is less common overall but increases with age due to malabsorption. Institutionalized adults face higher risk, driven by limited dietary variety, reduced sunlight exposure, greater multimorbidity, and polypharmacy. Reported rates include vitamin D deficiency in 70–94% of institutionalized adults (≈6.3-fold higher odds), zinc deficiency in 50–66% (vs. 31–49% in the community), iodine deficiency in 67–78% (vs. 22% in the community), and a Mini Nutritional Assessment classification of severe malnutrition/at risk in 67.9% (vs. 28% in the community). Consequences encompass frailty, falls, infections, higher costs, and increased institutionalization. Recommended actions include routine biomarker screening, improving access to vitamin D (supplementation/fortification), individualized care for micronutrient deficiencies—including vitamin B12 when relevant—multidisciplinary nutrition support, and long-term targeted research to guide best practices for healthy aging and equity.

Purpose Living longer, baby boomers will need specialized care offered by nursing homes to manage chronic conditions. This review explores the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences towards older people's sexuality and sexual expression in nursing homes—an important area of research to meet the needs of this emerging population. Design A primary search of the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and PubMed databases and secondary inclusion of cited references covering the period January 2000 to November 2016 identified 12 relevant studies. Methods Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram of the screening process, data were extracted, summarized, and compared, and risk of bias was assessed focusing on ethical considerations, sample size and sampling methods, validity and reliability of data collection instruments, participation, cooperation, and response rate. Findings Overall, sexual expression in older adults is recognized as a basic need that should be supported. Positive attitudes towards sexuality in nursing homes were correlated with a higher level of knowledge about older adults’ sexuality. In addition, positive predictors of attitudes towards sexuality in nursing homes were found to be: age, level of education, and years of experience. Barriers to addressing sexuality in the elderly are the lack of privacy and staff discomfort, which together represent common causes for loneliness and lack of intimacy in nursing homes. Conclusions Nursing research and practice need to shift their focus towards individual needs of nursing home residents to accommodate their values and expectations. Clinical Relevance Care providers must include a thorough assessment of sexual health of older adults living in nursing homes in routine practice, and include sexual health in the treatment plan.

OBJECTIVE. The authors mapped the literature on animal-assisted therapies (AATs) and institutionalized adults with dementia onto the Lived Environment Life Quality (LELQ) Model as a guide for future services and research. METHOD. Refereed literature addressing AATs and institutionalized people with dementia was comprehensively gathered, described, categorized, and synthesized in this systematic mapping review. RESULTS. From 1,342 screened records, the authors included 10 research articles that incorporated dogs in therapy for institutionalized adults with dementia. These canine-assisted therapies offered occupational opportunities and environmental supports conducive to experiences of relative well-being, occupational engagement, and optimal functioning. CONCLUSION. The findings offer proof of the concept that canine-assisted therapies are feasible and can elicit positive quality-of-life experiences in institutionalized people with dementia. Researchers and practitioners need to elucidate the theoretical foundations of AATs. The LELQ Model may serve as a guide for client-centered, occupation-focused, and ecologically valid approaches to animal-assisted occupational therapy.

Psychiatry has experienced a rapid expansion in providing behavioral health services using virtual means; however, little is known regarding clinicians’ experience in managing patient emergencies during virtual encounters. We present survey data from a large academic psychiatry department designed to better understand safety planning while delivering ambulatory tele-behavioral health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical faculty in the department were sent an anonymous electronic survey developed and distributed using the Qualtrics™ software. Departmental leadership provided a list of clinicians who performed ambulatory care. SAS 9.4 was used to conduct statistical analysis for associations between variables. Approximately one quarter (23.3%) of respondents engaged in proactive safety planning for most of their outpatient virtual visits, while a little over half (53.2%) of clinicians implemented emergent safety planning between just one to five visits. Clinicians who more frequently implemented emergency protocols were more likely to engage in proactive safety planning prior to emergencies (p = 0.0115). 10.8% of participants petitioned for civil commitment, though those that did identified numerous challenges. Our results reinforce the importance in appropriate training regarding best practices while providing tele-behavioral health care, with increased awareness for conducting safety planning and implementing emergent protocols. Furthermore, while petitioning for civil commitment is a relatively low base rate event in a large outpatient practice, these data and narrative feedback help to outline challenges and potential measures to improve this process for all parties. Increased attention to protocols and procedures are key as the utilization of virtual care within psychiatry continues.

In this article, we focus on connections between and among teachers' self-efficacy beliefs, classroom management practices, and the cradle to prison pipeline. Drawing from Bandura's (1986) theorization of self-efficacy, we discuss how teachers' beliefs shape their classroom management practices and how these beliefs and practices can be essential sites to understanding and decreasing disparate outcomes in disciplinary referral patterns among practicing teachers. We emphasize the importance of building teachers' self-efficacy beliefs and sense of efficacy to inform their classroom management practices/decisions. In particular, we focus on three sites of learning that, we argue, are essential to building teachers' sense of efficacy in the classroom: learning about and building powerful and sustainable relationships with students; learning about and developing an understanding of outside of school contexts that students experience; and recognizing and appropriately responding to traumatic experiences of students.