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Pressurized chemical looping combustion (PCLC) provides the benefit of simplifying the carbon capture process by generating a flue gas stream with high CO2 concentration. However, flue gas polishing is required to remove the residual impurities for pipeline transport. The intensified heat exchanger reactor (IHXR) is a promising method for flue gas polishing while maximizing useful heat recovery that incorporates alternating catalytic packed beds with interstage cooling via printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHE). This work offers a design process for an IHXR capable of polishing a flue gas stream from a 100 MWth natural gas-fired PCLC unit while recovering 1.6 MW of useful heat in the form of saturated steam at 180 °C. Simulation work performed in Aspen HYSYS was used to determine the polished flue gas outlet species concentrations as well as the required number and size of the packed bed sections. The PCHEs for interstage cooling were sized via a thermal circuit approach. The final IHXR consists of six packed beds at 0.06 m in length and five PCHEs at 0.265 m in length, combining to a total IHXR length of 1.685 m. The height and width of the IHXR is shared between the packed beds and PCHEs at 0.91 m and 0.45 m, respectively. The resulting IHXR is capable of recovering heat at a rate of approximately 2.3 MW/m3.

A combined heat and power (CHP) system, which consists of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and an integrated fuel processor is developed based on solving the energy balance between endothermic and exothermic hydrogen production reactions. The developed system simplifies the traditional complex fuel processing, and only three reactor units are needed—catalytic combustion, new integrated hydrogen production reactor and CO removal. In the novel CHP system, the H2‐rich reformate production from methanol and water is approximately 8 Nm3 h−1 with an H2 concentration of 53%–55% and CO less than 30 ppm. The CHP system was run continuously for more than 1100 h. The power demand was observed to be about 2–9 kW corresponding to the usual load of a residential unit. To increase the whole system efficiency, anode off‐gas (AOG) from fuel cell was returned to the fuel processor and utilized in the catalytic combustion reactor to improve the energy efficiency of the whole system. The average system efficiency can be increased from 60.3% to 67% by utilization of the energy from AOG catalytic combustion. An combined heat and power production based on fuel cells (FC‐CHP) was assembled and operated for 1100 h. Some reactors were integrated several processes and simplified the CHP system. Only one step CO preferential oxidation is necessary for the CHP.

This article presents the results of an experimental study on the hydrodynamics of the coolant at the inlet of the fuel assembly in the RITM reactor core. The importance of these studies stems from the significant impact that inlet flow conditions have on the flow structure within a fuel assembly. A significant variation in axial velocity and local flow rates can greatly affect the heat exchange processes within the fuel assembly, potentially compromising the safety of the core operation. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of different designs of orifice inlet devices and integrated absorber grids on the flow pattern of the coolant in the rod bundle of the fuel assembly. To achieve this goal, experiments were conducted on a scaled model of the inlet section of the fuel assembly, which included all the structural components of the actual fuel assembly, from the orifice inlet device to the second spacer grids. The test model was scaled down by a factor of 5.8 from the original fuel assembly. Two methods were used to study the hydrodynamics: dynamic pressure probe measurements and the tracer injection technique. The studies were conducted in several sections along the length of the test model, covering its entire cross-section. The choice of measurement locations was determined by the design features of the test model. The loss coefficient (K) of the orifice inlet device in fully open and maximally closed positions was experimentally determined. The features of the coolant flow at the inlet of the fuel assembly were visualized using axial velocity plots in cross-sections, as well as concentration distribution plots for the injected tracer. The geometry of the inlet orifice device at the fuel assembly has a significant impact on the pattern of axial flow velocity up to the center of the fuel bundle, between the first and second spacing grids. Two zones of low axial velocity are created at the edges of the fuel element cover, parallel to the mounting plates, at the entrance to the fuel bundle. These unevennesses in the axial speed are evened out before reaching the second grid. The attachment plates of the fuel elements to the diffuser greatly influence the intensity and direction of flow mixing. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of two types of integrated absorber grids was performed. The experimental results were used to justify design modifications of individual elements of the fuel assembly and to validate the hydraulic performance of new core designs. Additionally, the experimental data can be used to validate CFD codes.

The process of electrochemical treatment of a solution after strong basic anion exchanger regeneration was studied. The goal of the study was to reduce the nitrate content in the solution to allow its use in a closed loop. Diaphragmless, flow-through cells in a recirculation mode with and without a fluidizing bed of inert particles in the interelectrode space equipped with copper (Cu) cathodes and activated titanium anodes were used. The temperature was maintained at 20 °C. To assess the influence of recirculation of the regenerant solution on the quality of the treated water, the effect of the addition of copper ions to the solution, postelectrolysis cathode treatment, and enhanced mass transfer on the electrolysis results with respect to current efficiency and residual nitrate and nitrite concentration were investigated using an artificial solution. On the basis of the experimental results, a laboratory-scale unit for selective nitrate removal was designed and constructed that integrated ion exchange and electrochemical cell to one assembly. The process of recirculation of regenerant solution was tested using groundwater.

Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, has been assigned a patent (9,552,929) developed by four co-inventors for a \"polymer-nanocarbon composites, methods of making composites, and energy storage devices including the composite.\" The full-text of the patent can be found at http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=9,549,613.PN.&OS=PN/9,549,613&RS=PN/9,549,613 Written by Deviprasad Jena; edited by Sudarshan Harpal. *** SAS Institute, Cary, N.C., Assigned Patent for Dynamic Server to Server Configuration ALEXANDRIA, Va., Jan. 25 -- SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, has been assigned a patent (9,553,761) developed by Clint Edwards, Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, for a \"dynamic server to server configuration and initialization.\" The full-text of the patent can be found at http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=9,552,586.PN.&OS=PN/9,552,586&RS=PN/9,552,586 Written by Deviprasad Jena; edited by Sudarshan Harpal. *** Mirrored Motion Works, Cary, N.C., Assigned Patent for Rehabilitative Training Devices ALEXANDRIA, Va., Jan. 25 -- Mirrored Motion Works, Cary, North Carolina, has been assigned a patent (9,549,866) developed by two co-inventors for \"rehabilitative training devices for use by stroke patients.\" The full-text of the patent can be found at http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=9,549,866.PN.&OS=PN/9,549,866&RS=PN/9,549,866 Written by Deviprasad Jena; edited by Sudarshan Harpal. *** Cree, Durham, N.C., Assigned Patent for Color Point, Lumen Output Correction Device ALEXANDRIA, Va., Jan. 25 -- The full-text of the patent been assigned a patent (9,551,841) developed by four co-inventors for \"optical data center connector systems, fiber optic plug assemblies, and fiber optic receptacle assemblies.\" General Electric, Schenectady, New York, has been assigned a patent (9,551,490) developed by two co-inventors for a \"system for cooling a fuel injector extending into a combustion gas flow field and method...