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Under the background of the construction of new engineering courses, universities have reformed traditional engineering learning models with the concept of maker education, breeding a new model of maker learning. Using the I-E-O model as the analytical framework, and drawing on the seven principles of good practice in undergraduate education, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the entrepreneurial learning experience of engineering college students. Taking mechanical majors as an example, a survey of engineering college students’ maker learning experience was conducted. The study found that first, college students’ commitment to maker learning was high and their satisfaction was good. Second, college students’ comprehensive ability development, maker learning satisfaction, and maker academic participation, maker learning environment were positively correlated. Third, college students’ comprehensive ability development was positively correlated with their perceived maker learning satisfaction. To create meaningful maker learning experiences for engineering students, universities should systematically build a maker learning practice system, governance system, and guarantee system to promote, standardize, and support engineering students in carrying out maker learning activities.

Objective We aimed to evaluate apelin‐13 levels, total oxidant/antioxidant status in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to investigate the relationship between these parameters. Methods Patients newly diagnosed with AD were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals. Serum levels of apelin‐13, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured. Oxidative stress index was calculated (TOS/TAS) for each participant. Results We reported that serum apelin‐13 and TAS values were significantly lower in the AD group compared with controls, and they found a fair but insignificant relationship between Apelin‐13 and TAS values. Conclusion According to our results, we suggested that insufficient apelin‐13 and TAS levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate apelin‐13 levels, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and investigate the relationship among these parameters. Patients newly diagnosed with AD were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals. Serum levels of apelin‐13, TAS, and TOS were measured. Oxidative stress index was calculated (TOS/TAS) for each participant. Apelin‐13 and TAS values were significantly lower in the AD group compared to controls. There was a fair but insignificant correlation between apelin‐13 and TAS values. Insufficient levels of apelin‐13 and TAS may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.

During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the people in Europe are exposed to self-isolation, quarantine, job loss, risk of contracting COVID-19, or grief of loved ones. Such a complex array of stressors may lead to symptoms of adjustment disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder. This research protocol describes a study launched by the European Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on symptoms of adjustment disorder across European countries. The longitudinal online cohort study aims (1) to explore psychosocial reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic across ten European countries; (2) to examine the relationships between risk and resilience factors, stressors and symptoms of adjustment disorder during the pandemic; and (3) to investigate whether these relationships are moderated by coping behaviours. In ten countries (Austria, Croatia, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, and Sweden), between 1,000 and 2,000 participants will be recruited, depending on the size of the country. Participants will be assessed at two timepoints with a six-month interval. Following a conceptual framework based on the WHO's social framework of health, an assessment of risk and resilience factors, COVID-19 related stressors and pandemic-specific coping behaviours will be measured to estimate their contribution to symptoms of adjustment disorder. The Adjustment Disorder New Module 8 (ADNM-8) will be used to assess symptoms of adjustment disorder. As a secondary measure, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder will be measure using the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5). The relative contribution of risk factors, resilience factors, and stressors on symptoms of adjustment disorder or symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder will be estimated using multilevel analysis. To determine the moderating effects of different types of coping behaviours on these relationships, a multilevel mediation analysis will be carried out.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can improve mortality and morbidity outcomes when used in clinical practice. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the implementation of PROMs in routine oncology. Outcomes measured included improved symptom detection, clinical response to symptom information, and health service outcomes. Two of 12 eligible clinics were randomized to implement symptom PROMs in a medical oncology outpatient department in Australia. Randomization was carried out at the clinic level. Patients in control clinics continued with usual care; those in intervention clinics completed a symptom PROM at presentation. This was a pilot study investigating symptom detection, using binary logistic models, and clinical response to PROMs investigated using multiple regression models. A total of 461 patient encounters were included, consisting of 242 encounters in the control and 222 in the intervention condition. Patients in these clinics most commonly had head and neck, lung, prostate, breast, or colorectal cancer and were seen in the clinic for surveillance and oral or systemic treatments for curative, metastatic, or palliative cancer care pathways. Compared with control encounters, the proportion of symptoms detected increased in intervention encounters (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 0.99-1.11; P=.08). The odds of receiving supportive care, demonstrated by nonroutine allied health review, increased in the intervention compared with control encounters (odds ratio 3.54, 95% CI 1.26-9.90; P=.02). Implementation of PROMs in routine care did not significantly improve symptom detection but increased the likelihood of nonroutine allied health reviews for supportive care. Larger studies are needed to investigate health service outcomes. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000398202; https://tinyurl.com/3cxbemy4.

Cross-discipline collaboration among state and local health departments improved foodborne illness surveillance for a 2018 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis outbreak in Massachusetts, USA. Prompt linking of epidemiologic and laboratory data and implementation of in-state whole-genome sequencing and analysis improved public health surveillance capacity for outbreak detection and control.

The magnitude and direction of the in-situ stress field significantly influence the Geodynamic disaster. Taking the Gaojiapu Coal Mine in the northwest Binchang mining area as the study area, the distribution law of the in-situ stress field and its relationship with microseismic events were analyzed and discussed through field geological investigation, in-situ measurement, and numerical simulation. The results show that: (1) The Maximum horizontal principal stress (MaxHPS) is mainly concentrated in the turning end of the fold, the axis of the syncline, the undulation end of the anticline, the footwall of the fault, and the two ends of the fault. (2) The MaxHPS in the footwall area of the fault is greater than that in the hanging wall area. (3) The MaxHPS at the axial part of the syncline is greater than that at the wing part, and the MaxHPS at the wing part is greater than that at the anticline. (4) In areas with high MaxHPS and Lateral pressure coefficient (LPC), the frequency of high-energy microseismic events is high. (5) The 10 5 J high-energy microseismic events more easily occur in areas with MaxHPS greater than 38 MPa and LPC greater than 1.50.

Purpose: Reports on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) in Zhejiang Province are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the drug resistance of new leprosy cases within several years and analyse the emergence of AMR mutations from Zhejiang Province. Methods: This study enrolled 34 leprosy cases in Zhejiang Province, China, from 2018 to 2021. Gene mutation of WHO- recommended DRDRs (folP1, tpoB and gvrA) and genes of compensatory AMR-associated DRDRs, including nth, rpoA, tpoC, gvrB and 23S rRNA, were detected by amplification. Clinical data analysis was performed to investigate the epidemiological association of leprosy. Results: Of the 34 samples, 2 (5.9%) strains showed drug resistance, which were mutated to dapsone and ofloxacin, separately. Two single mutations in gvrB were detected in different strains (5.9%), whereas one of the tpoC mutation was also detected in one strain each (2.9%), which were proved to be polymorphs. No correlation of drug resistance proportion was identified in male vs female, nerve vs no nerve involvement, deformity vs no deformity and reaction vs non-reaction cases. Conclusion: Results showed well control of leprosy patients in Zhejiang Province. Gene mutations of WHO-recommended DRDRs FolP1 and gvrA confirmed the resistance to dapsone and ofloxacin. Compensatory AMR-associated mutations confirmed to be polymorphs still require further study to determine their phenotypic outcomes in M. leprae. The results demonstrated that drug-resistant strains are not epidemic in this area. Given the few cases of leprosy, analysing the AMR of M. leprae in Zhejiang Province more comprehensively is difficult. However, regular MDT treatment and population management in the early stage may contribute to the low prevalence of leprosy. Keywords: M. leprae, antimicrobial resistance, gene mutation

Procrastination has been associated with predictions, a tendency to negatively evaluate out comes and one's own performance, intense fear and avoidance social self-consciousness and anxiety recurrent low mood and work. While academic procrastination is not a special type of procrastination. Academic procrastination is regarded as a dispositional trait that could particularly have some consequences on students whose lives are characterized by frequent deadlines. Lay (1986) described procrastination as a frequent failure at doing what ought to be done to reach certain goals. A few researchers (Ajayi, 2008; Ferrai, 1989; Radhakanta 2010) have reported that Procrastination and self-efficacy are also the significant variables which direct impact over academic achievement of the students in their regular classroom. Ferrari (1989) demonstrated that procrastinators lack self-efficacy, self-esteem and are publicly self-conscious and highly self-critical. The aim of present study was to investigate whether academic procrastination and self-efficacy would be able to predict academic achievement initiative among pupil teachers by adopting Ex-Post Facto method of research was employed to conduct the study. For analyzing and interpreting data mean, SD, ad correlational was adopted. Cr values for different levels of procrastination and self-efficacy were calculated and compared. It was found that there was significant effect of self-efficacy on Academic Achievement of Pupil Teachers and significant effect of academic procrastination was found on academic achievement of pupil teachers.

Background Plans to increase the role of students in health research require data on students’ knowledge and views of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate these factors toward research among medical science students. Methods Undergraduate and postgraduate students of three medicine, dentistry and pharmacy schools in Shiraz were enrolled in a cross-sectional descriptive study using questionnaires to provide details of the parameters of attitude to, knowledge of and barriers toward research for each individual. All data was coded for each of the parameters. Data analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA/Tukey and Student’s t, Pearson’s correlation and Chi-squared tests. Results A total of 384 questionnaires were returned complete. Mean student scores for attitude, knowledge and barriers were 68.97 ± 12.56, 70.99 ± 20.97 and 75.27 ± 15.38, respectively. On the knowledge parameter, 77.8% of students’ scores fell above the middle of the possible attainable score, but 90% of attitude scores came in at below the middle of the possible attainable score. Undergraduate students (70.27 ± 12.00) showed a more positive attitude to research than postgraduate students (65.57 ± 13.06) (p = 0.001). Female students (72.97 ± 20.54) had greater knowledge than males (67.09 ± 21.56) (p = 0.010). Many barriers were highlighted by students such as lack of funding support and lack of time for research. Conclusions Students showed favorable knowledge of research, but their attitude to the field was inadequate. More attention must be placed on these parameters in the curriculum to improve student interest in health research. The impact of barrier factors on research demonstrates that there is a need for greater availability of information in order to solve the problems and change strategies for research.

This paper investigates the positive influencing factors and the degree of influence of authentic university–enterprise cooperation on the employability of cross-border e-commerce graduates. We used the literature analysis method and Delphi method to construct 12 factors affecting employability and put forward corresponding hypotheses. We tested the data and correlation analysis by SPSS software and used structural equation modeling for parameter estimation and path coefficient measurement to construct a relationship model of the factors influencing the employability of college students by cross-border e-commerce university–enterprise cooperation. The results show that the university–enterprise authentic cooperation has positive impacts on college students’ employability in theoretical knowledge, learning, professional skills application, personal basic quality, and professional quality. With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, studying the factors that affect the employability of college students through university–enterprise cooperation can not only promote the further integration of industry and education but also further improve the employability of college students, thus promoting the development of social economy. Therefore, the research is of positive significance.