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Hare
\"In times past reckoned to be the 'most lascivious and most melancholy' of mammals, the hare was also believed to never close its eyes, occasionally to grow horns, and to be able to change its gender. It was credited in early medicine with the most curative properties of any animal. But the hare is in fact as remarkable for its actual characteristics and behaviour as for the intriguing myths that have developed around it. In this book, Simon Carnell examines how the hare has been described, symbolized and depicted, as well as valued for its fur, flesh and exceptional speed.\"--BOOK JACKET.
Book
Inari Sámi Folklore
A rich multivoiced anthology of folktales, legends, joik songs, proverbs, riddles, and other verbal art, this is the most comprehensive collection of Sámi oral tradition available in English to date. Collected by August V. Koskimies and Toivo I. Itkonen in the 1880s from nearly two dozen storytellers from the arctic Aanaar (Inari) region of northeast Finland, the material reveals a complex web of social relations that existed both inside and far beyond the community.
First published in 1918 only in the Aanaar Sámi language and in Finnish, this anthology is now available in a centennial English-language edition for a global readership. Translator Tim Frandy has added biographies of the storytellers, maps and period photos, annotations, and a glossary. In headnotes that contextualize the stories, he explains such underlying themes as Aanaar conflicts with neighboring Sámi and Finnish communities, the collapse of the wild reindeer populations less than a century before, and the pre-Christian past in Aanaar. He introduces us to the bawdy humor of Antti Kitti, the didacticism of Iisakki Mannermaa, and the feminist leanings of Juho Petteri Lusmaniemi, emphasizing that folktales and proverbs are rooted in the experiences of individuals who are links in a living tradition.
eBook
Lobster and cod benefit from small-scale northern marine protected areas: inference from an empirical before–after control-impact study
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly implemented as tools to conserve and manage fisheries and target species. Because there are opportunity costs to conservation, there is a need for science-based assessment of MPAs. Here, we present one of the northernmost documentations of MPA effects to date, demonstrated by a replicated before–after control-impact (BACI) approach. In 2006, MPAs were implemented along the Norwegian Skagerrak coast offering complete protection to shellfish and partial protection to fish. By 2010, European lobster (Homarus gammarus) catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) had increased by 245 per cent in MPAs, whereas CPUE in control areas had increased by 87 per cent. Mean size of lobsters increased by 13 per cent in MPAs, whereas increase in control areas was negligible. Furthermore, MPA-responses and population development in control areas varied significantly among regions. This illustrates the importance of a replicated BACI design for reaching robust conclusions and management decisions. Partial protection of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) was followed by an increase in population density and body size compared with control areas. By 2010, MPA cod were on average 5 cm longer than in any of the control areas. MPAs can be useful management tools in rebuilding and conserving portions of depleted lobster populations in northern temperate waters, and even for a mobile temperate fish species such as the Atlantic cod.
Journal Article
Effect of Lubricant Aging on the Antiwear Properties of Zinc and Molybdenum Dithiophosphates
The effect of aging on antiwear properties of lubricants based on solutions of zinc and molybdenum dithiophosphates in oils such as I-20A, PAO-6, and VHVI-6 (viscosity grade 32 by ISO) is studied. Zinc dithiophosphate is known as an antiwear and antioxidative agent, and molybdenum dithiophosphate is a high-temperature antifriction agent. Antiwear and antiscuffing properties have been estimated by GOST 9490-75 using a four-ball testing machine. During the first test, fresh lubricants are used; then they are aged by high-temperature catalytic oxidation using technique no. 42/607 dated May 10, 1983, by VNII NP, and the second test is carried out. According to comparison of the tribological test results for fresh and aged lubricants containing the DF-11 antioxidative agent, the acid number does not increase in some cases, which is caused by the introduction of antioxidation additives in such compositions.
Journal Article
In situ strontium and sulfur isotope investigation of the Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide ore-bearing Kevitsa intrusion, northern Finland
The ~ 2.06-Ga Kevitsa mafic-ultramafic intrusion in northern Finland hosts a large disseminated Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. The deposit occurs in the ultramafic olivine-pyroxene cumulates and shows a range in Ni tenors varying from 4–7 wt% (regular ore) to > 10 wt% (Ni-PGE ore). There are also a metal-poor sulfide mineralization (false ore) and contact mineralization that are uneconomic (Ni tenor < 4 wt%). The obtained 87Sr/86Sr(i) values of the Kevitsa ultramafic cumulates are highly radiogenic (> 0.7045) in comparison to the estimated depleted mantle Sr isotope ratio of ~ 0.702 at 2.06 Ga. The sulfur δ34S values are generally higher than + 2‰, which together with the Sr isotope data imply involvement of crustal material in the genesis of the Kevitsa intrusion and its ores. The 87Sr/86Sr(i) values obtained from the ore-bearing domain of the intrusion show stratigraphic variation and exceed 0.7050, with the maximum value reaching up to 0.7109. In contrast, in rocks around the ore domain, the initial Sr isotope compositions remain more or less constant (0.7047–0.7060) throughout the intrusive stratigraphy. The isotope data suggest that the ore-bearing domain of the intrusion represents a dynamic site with multiple injections of variably contaminated magma, whereas the surrounding part of the intrusion experienced a less vigorous emplacement history. No correlation is observed between the strontium and sulfur isotope compositions. This is explained by bulk assimilation of the silicate magma in a deeper staging magma chamber and variable assimilation of sulfur during magma transport into the Kevitsa magma chamber. The low level of metals in false ore and the Ni-depleted nature of its olivine suggest that some sulfides may have precipitated and deposited in the feeder conduit during the initial stage of magma emplacement. Cannibalization of early-formed sulfides by later magma injections may have been important in the formation of the economic ore deposit.
Journal Article
Coccidia of rabbit: a review
This article summarises the current knowledge of the rabbit coccidia and the disease they cause. Various aspects, such as life cycles, localisation in the host, pathology and pathogenicity, immunity and control, are discussed.
Journal Article
laboratory rabbit, guinea pig, hamster, and other rodents
The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents is a single volume, comprehensive book sanctioned by the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine (ACLAM), covering the rabbit, guinea pig, hamster, gerbil and other rodents often used in research.
eBook
Jasmonate-induced responses are costly but benefit plants under attack in native populations
Herbivore attack is widely known to reduce food quality and to increase chemical defenses and other traits responsible for herbivore resistance. Inducible defenses are commonly thought to allow plants to forgo the costs of defense when not needed; however, neither their defensive function (increasing a plant's fitness) nor their cost-savings function have been demonstrated in nature. The root-produced toxin nicotine increases after herbivore attack in the native, postfire annual Nicotiana attenuata and is internally activated by the wound hormone, jasmonic acid. I treated the roots of plants with the methyl ester of this hormone (MeJA) to elicit a response in one member of each of 745 matched pairs of plants growing in native populations with different probabilities of attack from herbivores, and measured the lifetime production of viable seed. In populations with intermediate rates of attack, induced plants were attacked less often by herbivores and survived to produce more seed than did their uninduced counterparts. Previous induction did not significantly increase the fitness of plants suffering high rates of attack. However, if plants had not been attacked, induced plants produced less seed than did their uninduced counterparts. Jasmonate-induced responses function as defenses but are costly, and inducibility allows this species to forgo these costs when the defenses are unnecessary
Journal Article
Quality of rabbit meat and phyto-additives
The aim of this study was to examine the physicochemical properties and amino acid composition of rabbit meat after the enrichment of rabbit diet with oregano, sage, and Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts, and to make a comparison with the commercial product XTRACT and control samples. The addition of oregano and sage extracts as well as El. senticosus in the rabbit diet positively influenced the physicochemical properties of rabbit meat by increasing its energy value (P less than 0.05 - sage). Supplementing rabbits feed with oregano and sage extracts led to an improvement of the amino acid composition (P less than 0.01). These findings are also supported by the good health state of rabbits. The diet enriched with the plant extracts is beneficial for the health state of rabbits and the nutritional quality of rabbit meat.
Journal Article