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The facade is an important part of a building. Its existence affects the comfort of the users. the situation outside the building is often unfavorable for the users, so the facade must be reliable as a protective element. the tropical climate receives an abundance of sunlight throughout the year. its rays can be used for natural lighting. But the rays also carry heat, which makes it uncomfortable. the entry of sunlight can be controlled. one possibility is to make the facade elements move following the sun’s movement. The aim of this research is to compare the performance of static and dynamic facades in terms of the uniformity of light entering the room. The value of lighting uniformity in condition 1 has a relatively small. This is due to the high intensity of light entering the room without obstruction resulting in high contrast Condition 2 uses a static facade. The value obtained is higher in comparison with condition 1. This is due to the presence of a shade that makes the light contrast not occur too large. Condition 3 uses a shade that rotates with the sun movement every hour. The comparison value tends to decrease but, when viewed, the value of the decrease is not as fast as condition 2. Judging from the three facade conditions, condition 3, namely the dynamic facade, has the smallest decrease in lighting uniformity. This demonstrated that the longest lighting uniformity occurs in condition 3

Lighting of the workplaces has a large impact on safety, proper vision comfort and visual efficiency. The aim of this article is to present an analysis of the lighting of the workplaces of people working on scaffoldings. The researches were carried out on 23 frame-type facade scaffoldings. The scaffoldings were examined from March to October 2017. Due to the specificity of works performed on scaffoldings, the researches were carried out in accordance with an individually adapted research program. The study analyzed the illuminance at particular points and variability in the lighting uniformity in a given workspace. Analysis of the obtained results showed a large variability in illuminance in workplaces of people working on scaffoldings. The measured illuminance levels in the workspaces on the one hand were higher than the minimum illuminance levels defined by the construction site standards, but on the other hand, illuminance levels that may dazzle the employees were also recorded. The luminous intensity depended on the season, time of day, location of the scaffolding, as well as the presence of a protective net installed on the scaffolding, which reduced the occurrence of values that could lead to situations in which the worker could be dazzled. The protective net installed on the scaffolding also reduces the differences in lighting in the scaffolding workspace, improving the lighting conditions of the workplaces.

In this study, based on the current daylighting situation of a museum sculpture exhibition hall, the exhibition space is classified according to the daylighting requirements of the sculptures. Additionally, the daylighting pattern for the sculpture exhibition hall and the display layout of the exhibits are summarized. The daylighting parameters of the exhibition space under different scenarios are calculated. The exhibition space is simulated and analyzed under three daylighting conditions (flat skylights, flat skylights with side windows, and flat skylights with high side windows), and the daylighting parameters are optimized based on the daylighting patterns and components. It is discovered that with the combination of flat skylights and high side windows, the daylight factor (DF) and uniformity of daylighting (UD) of the sculpture exhibition as well as glare rating of the windows are the most favorable. Therefore, the appropriate daylighting pattern and components are determined, and the corresponding optimization strategy for daylighting is proposed. The results show that the daylighting optimization strategy proposed herein can improve the daylighting quality of the museum sculpture exhibition space and yield a suitable light environment.

Lighting uniformity is a key factor in traffic safety, and it could even result in energy savings for light installations. However, highly uniform horizontal road lighting for motorized vehicles may not be optimal for pedestrian roads. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the way in which pedestrians experience road lighting uniformity. Accordingly, we employed a qualitative approach to examine pedestrian road lighting uniformity. Visual analyses were used to exemplify and discuss the perceived uniformity. The case studies were performed on three pedestrian roads with similar light installations. The results show that the experience of road lighting uniformity differs substantially between the three roads. Based on the case studies, there are many aspects that need to be considered beyond the light falling on the horizontal surfaces. This study suggests that the visual experience of road lighting uniformity for pedestrians is difficult to estimate with photometric values because the visual impact of uniformity is highly influenced by the spatial context and landscape.

Public space lighting in urban areas is a crucial issue linked to climate change in developed environments. It significantly influences aesthetics, functionality, and the sense of safety while also contributing to the problem of light pollution. However, addressing these challenges requires a balance between technical optimization and environmental considerations, which this study explores through an experimental approach. This study examines the application of advanced digital technologies in designing and optimizing public space lighting, particularly in parks. The focus is on presenting a modular algorithm as a foundation for iterative improvements rather than a fully comprehensive lighting design solution. The article presents an algorithm that iteratively determines the optimal number and placement of lamps based on expected lighting levels. While illuminance levels are considered, future extensions could include additional parameters such as glare, uniformity, and color temperature to meet professional standards. This method has significant potential for involving public space users in lighting optimization. The algorithm relies on expected lighting levels, which can be derived from standards and designer decisions. However, user expectations can also be incorporated into simulations. For instance, an interactive application could allow users to highlight under‐illuminated or overly bright areas, contributing to a co‐created desired lighting map. Lighting levels can be precisely calculated, yet users’ subjective perceptions may be crucial in achieving soft, nature‐friendly lighting. The article presents the algorithm and discusses the potential of designer‐computer and designer‐computer‐user co‐creation for human‐ and nature‐friendly design. This modular framework lays the groundwork for future refinements by integrating professional input and addressing broader lighting parameters.

This study aims to assess the energy efficiency of LED luminaires used in public road lighting by comparing manufacturer-declared photometric and electrical parameters with laboratory simulation results. The research also evaluates the performance of these luminaires across various road types and installation configurations to determine compliance with national and international standards. Eleven LED luminaires were tested using a rotating mirror goniophotometer in an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited laboratory. Simulations were conducted using Dialux Evo software across six road types (M1–M6) and three installation configurations (unilateral, bilateral, and staggered). Key parameters analyzed included brog (Lm), overall uniformity (U0), longitudinal uniformity (Ul), luminous efficacy (lm/W), power factor, and total harmonic distortion (THD) in voltage and current. Discrepancies were found between manufacturer-declared and simulation results, especially in higher-class roads (M1–M3), where up to 28.57% of luminaires failed to meet the minimum luminance requirements when tested. The study highlights the importance of validating manufacturer specifications through accredited laboratory testing. Overall, LED technology improves energy efficiency in public lighting, and inconsistencies in the power factor and luminance performance suggest the need for stricter regulatory oversight and more rigorous quality control. Simulation tools like Dialux Evo prove essential for optimizing lighting designs tailored to specific road types and traffic conditions.

Abstract At present, the plant light sources in most plant factories have problems such as low uniformity of illumination and single supplementary light mode, which lead to the failure of plants to achieve the best growth state during the growth process. Aiming at such problems, this paper studies and designs an intelligent supplementary light system with high uniformity and spectral adjustment at different growth stages of plants. The system can monitor the ambient temperature and light intensity, change the pulse-width modulation output according to the system’s preset value, and control the brightness of the red and white LEDs by changing the current of the LED so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the spectrum. According to the plant light formula, the light quality ratio of red light to blue light in the light spectrum should reach 7:1 at most, and the proportion of green light should not be more than 25%, and the maximum luminous quantum flux density of a single LED flat panel light source should be around 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 at the receiving surface at a vertical distance of 30 cm. The test results show that the illumination uniformity of the system reaches 91.67%, the light source system can be accurately changed according to the set light formula, and the light quality ratio in the light source spectrum is consistent with the preset value, which shows that the light system can be well used in the field of plant growth lighting.

Due to the recent increase in building energy consumption, daylighting technologies such as light ducts are becoming increasingly important. However, conventional light ducts have limitations, such as light loss, uneven illumination, and spectral distortion as the transmission distance increases, restricting the development of a comfortable lighting environment. This study developed technical alternatives for transmission and diffusion parts to overcome these limitations and improve the daylighting performance of light ducts. The performance of these alternatives was verified through testbed experiments. The proposed light duct design minimized light loss through the arrangement of multiple relay lenses in series in the transmission part and improved indoor illuminance uniformity in the diffusion part using a double-reflection structure with upper and lower reflectors. Consequently, for a transmission distance of 20 m, the average illuminance increased by ~27.3% and the uniformity improved by an average of 47.8% compared to a conventional plastic optical fiber (POF)-based light duct. Even under intense summer sunlight conditions, a transmission distance of 30 m showed a high useful daylighting illuminance (UDI) ratio and considerbly reduced glare risk, indicating characteristics favorable for maintaining a comfortable visual environment. Furthermore, the proposed light duct exhibited a spectral distribution similar to that of outdoor sunlight, demonstrating the potential to ensure the continuous spectral characteristics of natural light transmitted indoors. Finally, it also exhibited the potential to maintain its higher daylighting performance even at a transmission distance of 30 m compared to conventional technology.

Energy saving in street lighting is garnering more interest and has become a priority in municipal management. Therefore, LED luminaires are gradually becoming prevalent in our cities. Beyond their energy/economic saving potential, quality in public lighting installations concerns aspects such as uniformity and glare which must be maintained if not improved in any installation renewal project using this technology. The high light intensity generated in a discrete point in LED packages and its directional nature result in significant deficiencies in these last two parameters. To soften these effects, translucent covers are being used as one of the most common solutions with the drawback of significant light intensity losses. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the behavior of LED luminaire’s polyamide-based optical covers manufactured with a laser-sintered process. These are designed to improve glare and uniformity output, to minimize light output reductions, and to be industrially manufactured with no increment of cost for their lighting equipment compared to conventional transparent polycarbonate solutions. A laboratory and field lighting test study has been applied to different covers with the same LED lamp and luminaire to compare the performance of three different solutions built with different polymeric materials and with different light transmission surface textures. The photometric results have been observed and discussed to demonstrate the ability to significantly improve the lighting performance of LED luminaires—illuminance and uniformity levels and discomfort and disability glare indexes— using an improved optic cover.

Street lighting installations are an essential service for modern life due to their capability of creating a welcoming feeling at nighttime. Nevertheless, several studies have highlighted that it is possible to improve the quality of the light significantly improving the uniformity of the illuminance. The main difficulty arises when trying to improve some of the installation’s characteristics based only on statistical analysis of the light distribution. This paper presents a new algorithm that is able to obtain the overall illuminance uniformity in order to improve this sort of installations. To develop this algorithm it was necessary to perform a detailed study of all the elements which are part of street lighting installations. Because classification is one of the most important tasks in the application areas of artificial neural networks, we compared the performances of six types of training algorithms in a feed forward neural network for analyzing the overall uniformity in outdoor lighting systems. We found that the best algorithm that minimizes the error is “Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation”, which approximates the desired output of the training pattern. By means of this kind of algorithm, it is possible to help to lighting professionals optimize the quality of street lighting installations.