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Despite the lack of research, development, and innovation funds, especially in South Atlantic countries, the Atlantic is suited to supporting a sustainable marine bioeconomy. Novel low-carbon mariculture systems can provide food security, new drugs, and climate mitigation. We suggest how to develop this sustainable marine bioeconomy across the entire Atlantic. Despite the lack of research, development, and innovation funds, especially in South Atlantic countries, the Atlantic is suited to supporting a sustainable marine bioeconomy. Novel low-carbon mariculture systems can provide food security, new drugs, and climate mitigation. We suggest how to develop this sustainable marine bioeconomy across the entire Atlantic.

Grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella , is the largest freshwater aquaculture fish species worldwide. However, its environmental impacts are increasingly controversial. In this paper, we considered the production of a 1500 g commercial grass carp as an example, analyzed through a life cycle assessment. The results showed that the indicators of global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential, eutrophication potential, freshwater eco‐toxicity potential (FAETP), land competition (LC), and fossil energy consumption of producing 1 kg of grass carp were equivalent to 5.7267 kg of CO 2 , 0.0648 kg of 1,4‐DCB0, 0.0010 kg of P, 0.0276 kg of SO 2 , 8.2951 m 2 , 0.3491 kg of oil, respectively, and were mainly from feed processing and water pollution. Compared with pig, beef, and sheep production, grass carp production has lower environmental impacts, but in terms of GWP, FAETP, and LC were significantly higher than chicken production, especially water pollution and discharge, which is an important consideration. This study clarifies the direction of grass carp production and key focus areas include producing low carbon and nitrogen emission feed, application of ecological engineering aquaculture system, intelligent mechanization technology and equipment.

Promoting the mechanization of aquaculture is one of the most important supporting measures to ensure the high-quality development of the aquaculture industry in China. In order to solve the problems of predominantly manual work and to decrease the costs of aquaculture, the influencing factors of China’s aquaculture mechanization were systematically analyzed. The triple bottom theory was selected, and three aspects were identified, including environmental, economic, and social aspects. Through the literature review, the Delphi method, and the analytic hierarchy process, the comprehensive evaluation indicator system, including 18 influencing factors, was proposed. Moreover, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was combined with the model to solve the evaluation results. A case study in Liaoning Province was offered and, according to the analysis results, the economic aspect at the first level was the most critical factor; the financial subsidy for the purchase of aquaculture machinery, the energy consumption of the machinery and equipment, and the promotion and use of aquaculture technology were the most important factors and had the greatest impact on the development of aquaculture mechanization in China. The effective implementation paths and countermeasures were proposed, such as the promotion of mechanized equipment and the enhancement of the machinery purchase subsidies, in order to provide an important decision-making basis for the improvement of the level of aquaculture mechanization.

The only way aquaculture can best serve society and the environment is by using resources responsibly and integrating itself firmly into the world food chain. Aquaculture production significantly contributes to food security and exports, especially for developing countries. However, its sustainability is influenced by climate change. Developing a low-carbon and climate-resilient strategy is essential for sustainable aquaculture, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This perception of low-carbon and climate-resilient development in aquaculture was formed through a literature survey and descriptive analysis. Key words include the impact of climate change on aquaculture, strategies for low-carbon development, building climate resilience, and achieving SDGs in aquaculture. Developing low-carbon emissions can benefit from utilizing efficient and alternative energy sources, increasing production efficiency, optimizing feed use, managing water quality and wastewater effectively, controlling diseases, and using superior seeds.

There has been a growing concern in recent years about the impacts of aquaculture on the environment and natural resource supplies. It is estimated that 85% of the phosphorus, 80–88% of the carbon, 52–95% of the nitrogen and 60% of the mass feed input in aquaculture ends up as a particulate matter, dissolved chemicals or gasses. Uncontrolled nutrients released by aquaculture operations harm the industry in at least three ways: reduced water quality, loss of valuable nutrients and adverse effects on the health of cultured organisms. This situation has to be corrected. The most prominent characteristic of some aquaculture production systems is the presence of biofilters, which helps in internally treating the water containing waste from the cultured organisms. The future of aquaculture must be based on the development of sustainable environment‐friendly systems such as the Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture. This provides an effective way of treating aquaculture water and can be done by bacteria, microalgae, macroalgae and suspension feeders.

ABSTRACTCorrosion of mild steel under aerobic conditions in the presence of a monoculture of aerobic bacteria (Pseudomonas fragi K [P. fragi K]) has been studied in a continuous flow system using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). P. fragi K grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium causes a 10- to 20-fold decrease in the corrosion rate of mild steel after a biofilm becomes visible on the surface of the samples. Live viable bacteria are necessary for the observed corrosion reduction of mild steel, indicating an active role rather than a barrier effect of the biofilm. Flowing nitrogen through the solution was found to be less effective than P. fragi K in lowering the corrosion rate of mild steel, suggesting that an effect by bacteria, in addition to scavenging oxygen, is involved. The effect of nutrient flow rate on the ability of the bacteria toThe presence of bacterial biofilms is often shown to be associated with elevated corrosion rates.1-2 These attached bacterial colonies can cause serious damage to structures exposed to soil, fresh water, and seawater, and they will affect a variety of metals.3 Controlling the growth of these bacterial colonies with biocides has proven to be very difficult because cells in a biofilm can be up to 500 times more resistant to antibacterial agents than those in fluid suspension. While antibiotics have been designed to kill suspended cells, biofilm bacteria undergo phenotypic changes that make them entirely different from those in suspension.4-7 Furthermore, since no inherently colonizationresistant material has yet been found, there has been no easy answer to this problem.8 Several studies have shown, however, that certain bacterial systems decrease corrosion rates.9-15 In particular, work performed by Pedersen and Hermansson has shown that substantial corrosion reduction is possible in mild steel exposed to monocultures of Pseudomonas sp.S9 and Serratia marcescens EF190 compared to a sterile control.11-12 Pedersen and Hermansson and Jayaraman, et al.,13-14 suggest that this protective behavior was the result