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SURGICAL MASK SELECTION
Perioperative personnel should match the barrier properties of the mask, which are stated on the product label, to the tasks and exposure level expected for each individual procedure.1 According to ASTM International, the ASTM barrier level listed on the product label describes the level of protection provided during use (Table 1).2 Perioperative personnel may use surgical masks with ASTM barrier levels 1, 2, or 3 during surgery; the higher the ASTM barrier level listed on the label, the more protective the mask will be for the wearer.1,2 Several factors may complicate surgical mask purchasing and selection. Surgical masks may be labeled as surgical, isolation, laser, medical procedure, or dental masks and may or may not have attached face shields.3,4 Surgical masks are regulated under 21 CFR 878.40405 as a class II device, but other face masks are not.4,5 Furthermore, even when the product label states that the device is a \"surgical mask,\" it may not have undergone US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended fluid-resistance testing.1,3 This is because testing for risks to the user is recommended but not required, and alternative surgical mask risk assessments are allowed during the (501[k]) premarket notification submission process. \"1(p1081) Personnel should select the type of mask that provides the best facial fit, which may be a mask that has ties, ear loops, or elastic straps.1 Wearing a surgical mask that provides complete coverage and a snug facial fit helps to provide a physical barrier against fluids (eg, splashes, splatters, sprays) and particulate materials.1,3 Julie Cahn, DNP, RN, CNOR, RN-BC, ACNS-BC, CNSCP, is a senior perioperative practice specialist in the Nursing Department at AORN, Inc, Denver, CO.
Journal Article
Effectiveness of Face Masks in Preventing Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Airborne simulation experiments showed that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks provide some protection from the transmission of infective SARS-CoV-2 droplets/aerosols; however, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) could not completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when sealed.
Guidelines from the CDC and the WHO recommend the wearing of face masks to prevent the spread of coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the protective efficiency of such masks against airborne transmission of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) droplets/aerosols is unknown. Here, we developed an airborne transmission simulator of infectious SARS-CoV-2-containing droplets/aerosols produced by human respiration and coughs and assessed the transmissibility of the infectious droplets/aerosols and the ability of various types of face masks to block the transmission. We found that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks all have a protective effect with respect to the transmission of infective droplets/aerosols of SARS-CoV-2 and that the protective efficiency was higher when masks were worn by a virus spreader. Importantly, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) were not able to completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when completely sealed. Our data will help medical workers understand the proper use and performance of masks and determine whether they need additional equipment to protect themselves from infected patients.
IMPORTANCE
Airborne simulation experiments showed that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks provide some protection from the transmission of infective SARS-CoV-2 droplets/aerosols; however, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) could not completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when sealed.
Journal Article
Masks
Making masks is a blast! And readers will learn all about how to do it in this book. Step-by-step instructions, illustrated with instructive photos, teach kids how to make many different types of masks.
Book
Does a mask protect me if I'm the only person wearing one?
Health reporter Lenny Bernstein explains why one-way masking still offers you protection from the coronavirus.
Streaming Video
Congo masks : masterpieces from Central Africa : a book and catalogue
This splendid illustrated exploration of masks and masking ceremonies from the Democratic Republic of the Congo presents more than 130 outstanding wooden masks dating from the 18th to the 20th century. Visually stunning and spiritually charged, these objects connected wearers with their ancestors and were part of elaborate costumes used in ritual performances. Including some of the finest works of African art in private hands, this volume features masks from eleven distinct stylistic zones: Ukongo, Ukwango, Ukete, Ukuba, Urunda, Uruwa, Utanganyika, Umaniema, Uituri, Ubangi, and Umongo. Displaying an enormous diversity of materials, design, and craftsmanship, these masks reflect the wide range of natural resources available throughout the Congo region and illuminate the unique belief systems of local populations. Accessible and informative essays provide insight into these extraordinary objects and are enlivened by both new photography and archival images showing the ceremonial use of masks in early 20th-century Congo. Exhibition: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, USA (10.11.2018-18.02.2019).
Book
Should you still wear a mask if a local mandate was lifted?
Health reporter Lenny Bernstein explains why experts recommend wearing a mask even if your local mandate was dropped.
Streaming Video
D.C. will no longer require masks in many public settings
Washington’s local mask mandate, one of the strictest in the nation, will relax greatly beginning Nov. 22, Mayor Muriel E. Bowser (D) announced on Nov. 16.
Streaming Video