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The article deals with composite materials based on caustic magnesite binder and wood fillers used in the fabrication of various types of objects in mechanical engineering, construction engineering, and oil and gas industries. Under operational conditions, caustic magnesite composites can be exposed to aggressive actions of microorganisms. This study looked into resistance of wood-filled composites upon exposure to byproducts of filamentous fungi (micromycetes). This research substantiated the choice of model medium for testing – byproducts of metabolism of micromycetes. Designed experiments were carried out. The samples were held in model solutions with different concentrations of aggressive medium agents. Lines of equal values of materials’ resistance were plotted. It was found from experiments that composites without fillers had a lower biocorrosive resistance compared to those filled with pine sawdust.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to know the influence of heat generation/absorption and slip effects on heat and mass transfer flow of carbon nanotubes – water-based nanofluid over a rotating disk. Two types of carbon nanotubes, single and multi-walled, are considered in this analysis. Design/methodology/approach The non-dimensional system of governing equations is constructed using compatible transformations. These equations together with boundary conditions are solved numerically by using the most prominent Finite element method. The influence of various pertinent parameters such as magnetic parameter (0.4 – 1.0), nanoparticle volume fraction parameter (0.1 – 0.6), porosity parameter (0.3 – 0.6), radiation parameter (0.1 – 0.4), Prandtl number (2.2 – 11.2), space-dependent (−3.0 – 3.0), temperature-dependent (−3.0 – 1.5), velocity slip parameter (0.1 – 1.0), thermal slip parameter (0.1 – 0.4) and chemical reaction parameter (0.3 – 0.6) on nanofluids velocity, temperature and concentration distributions, as well as rates of velocity, temperature and concentration is calculated and the results are plotted through graphs and tables. Also, a comparative analysis is carried out to verify the validation of the present numerical code and found good agreement. Findings The results indicate that the temperature of the fluid elevates with rising values of nanoparticle volume fraction parameter. Furthermore, the rates of heat transfer rise from 4.8% to 14.6% when carbon nanotubes of 0.05 volume fraction are suspended into the base fluid. Originality/value The work carried out in this analysis is original and no part is copied from other sources.

Forty-eight water samples (30 groundwater and 18 surface water samples) were collected from the study region. Physical and chemical examinations were performed on the water samples to determine the values of various variables. Several graphs, sheets, and statistical measures, including the sodium solubility percentage (SSP), the sodium absorption ratio (SAR), and Piper’s diagram, were used to plot the concentration of the principal ions and the chloride mass balance (CMB). The contents of the variables were compared with the contents in other local areas and the standard allowable safe limits as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Water pH values were neutral for all water samples. Electric conductivity (EC) readings revealed that water samples vacillated from slightly mineralized to excessively mineralized. Water salinities were fresh and very fresh according to the total dissolved solids (TDS) amounts. The hardness of water ranged from medium to hard in the surface water and from medium to very hard in the groundwater samples. Bicarbonate, sodium, and calcium made up the highest amounts in the surface water samples. The highest concentrations of bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, and sodium were found in the groundwater. Diagrams show the major ion relationships as well as the type and origin of the water. According to Piper’s plots, most of the water samples under investigation were Ca-HCO3 type, Mg water types, followed by SO4.Ca-Cl water types. This highlighted the elemental preponderance of bicarbonate and alkaline earth (Ca2+ + Mg2+). This dominance is caused by evaporite and carbonate minerals dissolving in water because of anthropogenic activities and interaction processes. The groundwater recharge was estimated to be 0.89–1.6 mm/yr based on Chloride Mass Balance. The examined water samples can also be used for cattle, poultry, and irrigation. Additionally, the groundwater is of poorer quality than the surface water, although both types of water are adequate for various industries, with a range of 14 to 94 percent. With the exception of a few groundwater samples, the tested water samples are suitable for a number of applications.

To propose a new anthropometric index that can be employed to better predict percent body fat (PBF) among young adults and to compare with current anthropometric indices. Cross-sectional. All measurements were taken in a controlled laboratory setting in Seoul (South Korea), between 1 December 2015 and 30 June 2016. Eighty-seven young adults (18-35 years) who underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were used for analysis. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to develop a body fat index (BFI) using simple demographic and anthropometric information. Correlations of DXA measured PBF (DXA_PBF) with previously developed anthropometric indices and the BFI were analysed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to compare the ability of anthropometric indices to identify obese individuals. BFI showed a strong correlation with DXA_PBF (r = 0·84), which was higher than the correlations of DXA_PBF with the traditional (waist circumference, r = 0·49; waist to height ratio, r = 0·68; BMI, r = 0·36) and alternate anthropometric indices (a body shape index, r = 0·47; body roundness index, r = 0·68; body adiposity index, r = 0·70). Moreover, the BFI showed higher accuracy at identifying obese individuals (area under the curve (AUC) = 0·91), compared with the other anthropometric indices (AUC = 0·71-0·86). The BFI can accurately predict DXA_PBF in young adults, using simple demographic and anthropometric information that are commonly available in research and clinical settings. However, larger representative studies are required to build on our findings.

Provides a comprehensive description of mass spectrometry basics, applications, and perspectives Mass spectrometry is a modern analytical technique, allowing for fast and ultrasensitive detection and identification of chemical species. It can serve for analysis of narcotics, counterfeit medicines, components of explosives, but also in clinical chemistry, forensic research and anti-doping analysis, for identification of clinically relevant molecules as biomarkers of various diseases. This book describes everything readers need to know about mass spectrometry—from the instrumentation to the theory and applications. It looks at all aspects of mass spectrometry, including inorganic, organic, forensic, and biological MS (paying special attention to various methodologies and data interpretation). It also contains a list of key terms for easier and faster understanding of the material by newcomers to the subject and test questions to assist lecturers. Knowing how crucial it is for young researchers to fully understand both the power of mass spectrometry and the importance of other complementary methodologies, Mass Spectrometry: An Applied Approach teaches that it should be used in conjunction with other techniques such as NMR, pharmacological tests, structural identification, molecular biology, in order to reveal the true function(s) of the identified molecule. * Provides a description of mass spectrometry basics, applications and perspectives of the technique * Oriented to a broad audience with limited or basic knowledge in mass spectrometry instrumentation, theory, and its applications in order to enhance their competence in this field * Covers all aspects of mass spectrometry, including inorganic, organic, forensic, and biological MS with special attention to application of various methodologies and data interpretation * Includes a list of key terms, and test questions, for easier and faster understanding of the material Mass Spectrometry: An Applied Approach is highly recommended for advanced students, young scientists, and anyone involved in a field that utilizes the technique.

The purpose of this book is the development of the principles and experimental techniques underlying near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and the demonstration of the power of the technique for the study of the electronic and crystallographic structure of low-Z molecules bonded to surfaces.

In this study, the degrees of destruction of hemoglobin irradiated in atmospheres of air and argon were compared. Hemoglobin preparations were irradiated in the forms: oxyhemoglobin ( HbO2) deoxyhemoglobin (${\\rm Hb}^{2+}$) and methemoglobin (MetHb) applying doses of 0.5-5 Mrad. The degree of hemoglobin destruction was estimated on the basis of changes in the values of the absorption coefficient at the Soret band, the absorption ratio $A_{505}/A_{563}$ determined after conversion of irradiated preparations into MetHb, absorption coefficients for pyridine hemochromogen obtained from irradiated preparations, and changes in parameters characterizing the hemoglobin oxygenation reaction (${\\rm log}\\,p_{{\\textstyle\\frac{1}{2}}}{\\rm O}_{2}$ and the Hill n coefficient). The calculated oxygen enhancement ratios S were generally higher than 1 for the parameters estimated. This indicates that the presence of oxygen during irradiation enhances hemoglobin destruction.