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Case summary/ A 7-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat presented with a 5-day history of inappetence. A mid-abdominal mass was palpated and, on exploratory laparotomy, a cystic mass arising from the root of the mesentery was observed. The mass was drained, debulked and omentalized. Histopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry supported a diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma. Adjuvant doxorubicin was started and, prior to the third of five doses of doxorubicin, repeat abdominal ultrasound showed complete response of the primary tumor. Continued monitoring 240 days following histopathologic diagnosis revealed suspected metastasis to local lymph nodes, though the primary tumor remained absent on abdominal ultrasound. A second course of five doses of doxorubicin chemotherapy was completed. Serial abdominal ultrasounds demonstrated stable disease in the locoregional lymph nodes with no visible recurrence of the primary tumor. The cat presented 430 days following diagnosis with lethargy and inappetence. Abdominal ultrasound revealed suspected metastatic mesenteric and ileocolic lymphadenopathy, hepatic metastasis and peritoneal effusion, and the owner elected for humane euthanasia. Necropsy findings and negative immunohistochemical staining for lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor-1 were consistent with a metastatic mesenteric hemangiosarcoma. Relevance and novel information Hemangiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy in cats, and few cases describing treatment have been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the use of debulking surgery and adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy in the treatment of mesenteric hemangiosarcoma resulting in extended survival in a cat. Multimodal therapy can be considered for the management of cats with mesenteric hemangiosarcoma.

Abstract Background Mesenteric angiography is a sensitive method for visualizing portal perfusion in the dog. Objectives To evaluate hepatic portal perfusion in dogs with incompletely resectable hepatic tumors using mesenteric angiography. Animals Five client-owned dogs with incompletely resectable hepatic tumors evaluated with mesenteric angiography. Methods Retrospective case series. Electronic medical records at the Animal Medical Center were analyzed to identify dogs that underwent mesenteric portography to determine blood flow to nonresectable hepatic tumors and subsequently determine ideal routes for transarterial embolization, vascular stent placement, or both. The images obtained from mesenteric angiography were analyzed and compared to those obtained from computed tomography angiography. Results Portography was accomplished using direct mesenteric venography in 3 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cranial mesenteric arteriography in 1 dog with hepatic adenoma or well-differentiated HCC, and via splenic arteriovenous fistula in 1 dog with diffuse hepatic hemangiosarcoma metastases. Mean pixel densities in areas of hepatic tumor growth identified statistically significant decreases in portal blood flow (P = .02) compared to normal hepatic parenchyma. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Initial findings indicate that the blood supply to large and metastatic hepatic tumors in dogs may correlate with that in humans, such that the majority of the tumor blood supply arises from the hepatic artery and not the portal vein. Differences in blood supply between normal hepatic parenchyma and hepatic tumors might be exploited by developing selective tumor therapies such as arterial embolization or chemoembolization that largely spare normal liver tissue. Further investigation is warranted.

Angiosarcomas are rare tumors in children, usually occurring in soft tissue and liver. By contrast, angiosarcoma in adults usually occurs in the extremities in conjunction with lymphedema. Mesenteric angiosarcoma has only rarely been reported. When angiosarcomas arise in this location, they usually represent a 2nd malignancy following Hodgkin's lymphoma. We report a child who presented to the emergency room with an acute abdomen and underwent emergency surgery for a mesenteric angiosarcoma with associated lymphangiectasia of the bowel and mesentery. A brief review of the literature and the nomenclature of these unusual tumors are discussed.

Primary intimal angiosarcomas of the aorta (i.e. mostly intraluminal sarcomas with evidence of endothelial differentiation) are extraordinarily rare. We report a case in which the diagnosis was accurately made using immunohistochemistry in an intestinal resection specimen and confirmed during autopsy. The patient was a 64-year-old woman with mesenteric ischaemia and a \"thrombus\" in the abdominal aorta. Two segments of the ileum and the right colon were surgically removed. Histological examination showed multiple tumour emboli in small arteries of the submucosa, serosa and mesentery. The highly atypical cells comprising these emboli were positive immunohistochemically with antibodies to Ulex Europaeus, von Willebrand factor and CD31 and negative for CD34. During post-mortem examination, the intraaortic mass was located around the orifices of the coeliac and the superior mesenteric arteries, and gross tumour thrombi were found in the left renal and splenic arteries. This case emphasises the need for a wide panel of immunohistochemical antibodies when tumour emboli of unknown origin are under study.