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Pseudorandom number generator based on novel 2D Hénon-Sine hyperchaotic map with microcontroller implementation
Recently, chaotic maps have been considered to design pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). However, some chaotic maps present security disadvantages, such as low uniformity and low randomness properties. Nowadays, chaos-based PRNGs are used as the main source for the development of cryptographic algorithms. In this work, to overcome such weaknesses, a novel 2D hyperchaotic map is proposed based on discrete-time feedback by using Hénon map and Sine map. In addition, the dynamics of the hyperchaotic map are enhanced by using the remainder after division function (
), where better random statistical properties are obtained. A comparison is made between the enhanced Hénon-Sine hyperchaotic map (EHSHM) and the Hénon-Sine hyperchaotic map through Lyapunov exponent analysis, attractor trajectory, histograms and sensitivity at initialization. Then, 8-bit pseudorandom number generator based on the proposed hyperchaotic map (PRNG-EHSHM) is designed and the initial seed of the PRNG is calculated by a secret key of 60 hexadecimal characters. It is implemented in both MATLAB and Arduino Mega microcontroller for experimental results. A complete security analysis is presented from a cryptographic point of view, such as key space, floating frequency, histograms and entropy of the information. Moreover, the randomness is verified with the tests of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST 800-22). Based on the security results obtained, the proposed PRNG-EHSHM can be implemented in embedded cryptographic applications based on chaos.
Journal Article
Development of Pervasive IoT Based Healthcare Monitoring System for Alzheimer Patients
Alzheimer is a neurological degenerative disease that steadily and gradually progresses. This disease is incurable at present and those who suffer from it have the hesitation to travel beyond their homes in comparison to normal people. The main aim of this paper is to offer a continuous mechanism that enhances the Alzheimer patient’s quality of life as well as that of their caregivers. Proposed work is based on the Internet of things (IoT) based sensors data that figure out different parameters of the patient body like temperature, blood pressure, striding action, striding speed, and so on. All these sensory data will be obtained with the help of the Atmega Microcontroller. All the collected data are then sent to the cloud server with the help of parallel communication for data analysis. The desired parameter of the patient is retrieved which will help in providing real time support to the patients.
Journal Article
Some assembly required : assembly language programming with the AVR microcontroller
\"A family of internationally popular microcontrollers, the Atmel AVR microcontroller series is a low-cost hardware development platform suitable for an educational environment. Until now, no text focused on the assembly language programming of these microcontrollers. Through detailed coverage of assembly language programming principles and techniques, Some Assembly Required: Assembly Language Programming with the AVR Microcontroller teaches the basic system capabilities of 8-bit AVR microcontrollers.The text illustrates fundamental computer architecture and programming structures using AVR assembly language. It employs the core AVR 8-bit RISC microcontroller architecture and a limited collection of external devices, such as push buttons, LEDs, and serial communications, to describe control structures, memory use and allocation, stacks, and I/O. Each chapter contains numerous examples and exercises, including programming problems.By studying assembly languages, computer scientists gain an understanding of the functionality of basic processors and how their capabilities support high level languages and applications. Exploring this connection between hardware and software, this book provides a foundation for understanding compilers, linkers, loaders, and operating systems in addition to the processors themselves\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A New Approach to ORB Acceleration Using a Modern Low-Power Microcontroller
A key component in visual Simultaneous Location And Mapping (SLAM) systems is feature extraction and description. One common algorithm that accomplishes this purpose is Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB), which is used in state-of-the-art SLAM systems like ORB-SLAM. While it is faster than other feature detectors like SIFT (340 times faster) or SURF (15 times faster), it is one of the most computationally expensive algorithms in these types of systems. This problem has commonly been solved by delegating this task to hardware-accelerated solutions like FPGAs or ASICs. While this solution is useful, it incurs a greater economical cost. This work proposes a solution for feature extraction and description based on a modern low-power mainstream microcontroller. The execution time of ORB, along with power consumption, are analyzed in relation to the number of feature points and internal variables. The results show a maximum of 0.6 s for ORB execution in 1241 × 376 resolution images, which is significantly slower than other hardware-accelerated solutions but remains viable for certain applications. Additionally, the power consumption ranges between 30 and 40 milliwatts, which is lower than FPGA solutions. This work also allows for future optimizations that will improve the results of this paper.
Journal Article
Novel proposal for a smart electronic taximeter based on microcontroller systems
Public transport plays a significant role in the economic development of a country, so the state must guarantee its proper functioning, not only in terms of controlling vehicular traffic and generating adequate roads but also in terms of pricing and customer service. This article proposes a smart electronic taximeter that improves customer service quality and provides greater control for the taxi owner. To achieve this, the smart taximeter has a data entry module (keyboard), a location module (global position system), a time module (date and time), a storage module (memory), a display module (light emitting diode array), an auditory module (speech synthesizer), a communication module (Wi-Fi) and a microcontroller that controls the processes of setup, pricing, billing, and accounting. The results have shown a satisfactory response on the part of the client and the entrepreneur since it allows a higher level of inclusion from the auditory output in Spanish and English, as well as to carry out better financial accounting through the storage of information on the place, date and time, start and end, as well as the duration, distance, fare, surcharges, total cost, and number of each taxi service (ride). Finally, the smart electronic taximeter complies with all Colombian resolution No. 88918 relations of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism.
Journal Article
Portable Respiration Monitoring System with an Embroidered Capacitive Facemask Sensor
Respiration monitoring is a very important indicator of health status. It can be used as a marker in the recognition of a variety of diseases, such as sleep apnea, asthma or cardiac arrest. The purpose of the present study is to overcome limitations of the current state of the art in the field of respiration monitoring systems. Our goal was the development of a lightweight handheld device with portable operation and low power consumption. The proposed approach includes a textile capacitive sensor with interdigitated electrodes embroidered into the facemask, integrated with readout electronics. Readout electronics is based on the direct interface of the capacitive sensor and a microcontroller through just one analog and one digital pin. The microcontroller board and sensor are powered by a smartphone or PC through a USB cable. The developed mobile application for the Android™ operating system offers reliable data acquisition and acts as a bridge for data transfer to the remote server. The embroidered sensor was initially tested in a humidity-controlled chamber connected to a commercial impedance analyzer. Finally, in situ testing with 10 volunteering subjects confirmed stable operation with reliable respiration monitoring.
Journal Article
Low-cost multi-sensing fire-fighting robot with obstacle avoidance mechanism
Robots are mostly optimized for tasks that require strength exceeding that of humans or for operations in hazardous environments. The fire-fighting robot developed has multiple sensing capabilities with obstacle avoidance mechanisms and is divided into two units: the robot and the static unit. The robot is equipped with three flame sensors to detect flames (infrared radiation) in three directions, an ultrasonic sensor to avoid obstacles, a wireless receiver to receive data from the static unit, a magnetometer giving the robot a sense of direction, and a unit of Arduino Mega microcontroller serving as the central controlling platform. The static unit has four flame sensors and a transmitter that transmits signals to the robot unit, which an Arduino Uno directly controls. A prototype was developed, which helps prevent the escalation of fires in the home as it can detect, navigate and extinguish flames while avoiding obstacles autonomously.
Journal Article
IoT based solar powered smart irrigation system
The basic and essential survival needs on earth is Water. In Recent times, the water scarcity is increased due to increase of population and deforestation. This paper based on development of an Internet of Things with solar powered irrigation using embedded method which is effective in agricultural field. Our project is to design a model of PIC for irrigation system which is supervised using Wi-Fi module (ESP8266). The WiFi module is operated using a (PIC) 16F877A from Microcontroller via utilizing the energy from the solar panel, run the motors which irrigates the field by sensing the moisture in the soil. The water above the marked level is pumped out by a motor by the information from the level sensor. The advancements of technology like IoT has vast demand in various operations. This system can easily access by the farmer to control the irrigation from anywhere in the world in an effective way.
Journal Article