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Houses built on sand : violence, sectarianism and revolution in the Middle East
The events of the Arab Uprisings posed an existential challenge to sovereign power across the Middle East. Whilst some regimes were able to withstand these challenges through recourse to coercive strategies, others were toppled. This book questions why some regimes fell whilst others were able to survive. It argues that this was a direct consequence of state building processes and the cultivation of particular relationships between rulers and ruled. One of the consequences of such efforts is the transformation of regional politics along increasingly 'sectarianized' lines to devastating effect. This book offers a timely and unique approach to linking the events of the Arab Uprisings and on-going conflict across the region through exploring the marginalization and manipulation of identities across the Middle East.
BOOK
Kazakhstan and Role of the Middle Powers
The Singapore Lecture is one of the intellectual highlights of Singapore. It provides an opportunity for distinguished statesmen and leaders to reach a wider audience in Singapore. The presence of such eminent personalities will allow members of the civil service, business community, diplomatic corps, academic community, media, and other interested parties, the opportunity to hear from leading world figures speak on topics of international and regional interest. The 46th Singapore Lecture was delivered by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, on 24 May 2024, under the distinguished Chairmanship of Mr Teo Chee Hean, Senior Minister and Coordinating Minister for National Security, Singapore.
eBook
The European Union and Emerging Powers in the 21st Century
The emergence of new powers fundamentally questions the traditional views on international relations, multilateralism or security as a range of countries now competes for regional and global leadership - economically, politically, technologically and militarily. As the focus of international attention shifts from the Atlantic to the Pacific, the European states in particular are seen to lose influence relative to the emerging economic powerhouses of China, Russia, India and Brazil. European nations find themselves too small to engage meaningfully with these continent-sized powers and, in an increasingly multipolar world are concerned their influence can only continue to decline. This book analyses the shifts in the structure of global power and examines the threats and opportunities they bring to Europe. Leading European Contributors reflect on how the EU can utilise collective strength to engage and compete with rapidly developing nations. They examine perceptions of the EU among the emerging powers and the true meaning and nature of any strategic partnerships negotiated. Finally they explore the shape and structure of the international system in the 21st century and how the EU can contribute to and shape it.
eBook
The crisis of the middle-class constitution : why income inequality threatens our republic
\"For most of Western history, Sitaraman argues, constitutional thinkers assumed economic inequality was inevitable and inescapable--and they designed governments to prevent class divisions from spilling over into class warfare. The American Constitution is different. Compared to Europe and the ancient world, America was a society of almost unprecedented economic equality, and the founding generation saw this equality as essential for the preservation of America's republic. Over the next two centuries, generations of Americans fought to sustain the economic preconditions for our constitutional system. But today, with economic and political inequality on the rise, Sitaraman says Americans face a choice: Will we accept rising economic inequality and risk oligarchy or will we rebuild the middle class and reclaim our republic?\"--Page [4] of cover.
Book
When Right Makes Might
Why do great powers accommodate the rise of some challengers, while others are contained and confronted, even at the risk of war? The book proposes that when faced with a new challenger, great powers will attempt to divine its intentions, to determine whether that rising power poses a revolutionary threat to the system, or whether it can be incorporated into the existing international order. In departing from conventional rationalist and realist theories of international relations, the author argues that established powers come to understand a rising power’s intentions by observing how it justifies its behavior through diplomacy and its claims on the way it exerts its power. Diplomatic rhetoric, therefore, plays a critical role in the formation of grand strategy. Legitimacy is not marginal to international relations; it is essential to the practice of power politics.
eBook
The RAF and tribal control : airpower and irregular warfare between the World Wars
\"Modern air power analysts have tended to hold the British air control experience in the Middle East between the two World Wars as the exemplar of how technology might solve the civil-military challenges of small wars. By seeking to find repeatable, technologically-oriented solutions to what are inherently human problems, these analysts have missed the Royal Air Force's innovative approach to air power and what made it possible to substitute air power for battalions of soldiers in certain situations. The RAF made air power personal by placing airmen who understood the local cultures in and among the populace. They served as the conduit for information, communication, and insight between the colonial administration and the tribes and villages. This book, then, brings to light the contributions of those embedded airmen, the Special Service Officers, who made possible the integration of air power into the civil administration of the colonies and Mandates\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Democratic Deterrence of Middle Powers in Great Power Rivalry: The Case for Indonesia
Shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, President Biden rightly characterized the current era of great power competition as one that occurs between democracies vs autocracies; thus, democracies need a new kind of deterrence concept against emboldened autocrats, as exemplified in Mikael Wigell’s ‘democratic deterrence’ that calls for greater apprehension of –and confidence in—democratic advantage argument in the public consciousness. Democratic middle powers in general could play an important part in the aforementioned democratic deterrence in their own respective capacities, and the third largest democracy, in particular, has the potential to play a unique role in promoting a democratic advantage narrative, especially in the case of the compatibility of democracy with Islam through the principle of Maqashid Sharia . This study makes three recommendations for Indonesia to fulfill its potential role. First, Indonesia needs to accelerate its democratic consolidation process by raising the public’s emancipative values, especially through cognitive mobilization but allied with religions. Second, democratic advantage apprehension must be integrated within traditional foreign policy principles, as the two are not at all contradictory. Finally, the West in general, and United States in particular, need to be more appreciative and supportive of Indonesia’s effort to play a middle-power stabilizing role in the Indo-Pacific, whether in the forms of economic or defense cooperation.
Journal Article
Palazzos of power : central stations of the Philadelphia Electric Company, 1900-1930
\"\"Majestic,\" \"endangered\", and \"understudied\" - terms typically applied to endangered species - apply equally, if paradoxically, to one of the greatest sources of pollution in twentieth-century America: coal-fired metropolitan power plants. Nowhere is the building type more spectacularly present or more pressingly at risk than in Philadelphia, home to the mothballed central stations of the Philadelphia Electric Company. Monuments to the city's industrial might and suburban spread, they housed rows of ponderous boilers, turbines, and switchgear, as well as elaborate coal- and ash-handling systems. But it was these machines' neoclassical enclosures that commanded public attention. Designed to convey \"solidity and immensity\" in an age of deep public skepticism, they now stand vacant and decaying - a \"blight\" in the eyes of city planners and a beacon to urban explorers. Combining scholarly research, period illustrations, and contemporary photographs, Palazzos of Power sets Philadelphia's central stations in historical context, explains the mechanisms they housed, and records their spaces and surroundings. The book will appeal to scholarly and lay audiences\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Introduction: Making liberal internationalism great again?
At a time when liberal internationalism and institutions of multilateral cooperation are being dealt almost daily blows, this special issue revisits the notion and practice of middle power liberal internationalism. The introduction suggests that while liberal internationalism is far from dead, the challenges are serious and multiple. Reflecting on the seven essays contained in the volume, it argues that the biggest challenge for a future liberal internationalism is not to double-down on its normative virtues, but critically to reflect on how it can be retooled to respond to new challenges.
Journal Article