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This article examines the influence of complementary resources on the performance of incumbents after a radical technological change. In investigating this relationship, we join the technological management literature and the institution-based view of strategy and maintain that the value of complementary resources is contingent on the institutional environment in which the firm operates. In particular, we submit that formal institutions, both economic and political, moderate the relationship between the stock of complementary assets and firm performance. We test our hypotheses in the context of the world mobile telecommunications industry (39 countries and 134 mobile service providers). Our findings reveal how these resources are more valuable for incumbents in markets where market-supporting institutions are weaker and political stability is higher.

The purpose of this paper is to test the effectiveness of switching costs as an isolating mechanism in the context of the first-mover advantage theory. Whereas both the literature on switching costs and on pioneering propose this as a mechanism through which firms could obtain sustainable competitive advantage, other authors offer a rationale for thinking that this is not the case. We test our hypotheses in the context of the European mobile telecommunications industry. This is a sector that has been characterized by high rates of growth in the number of subscribers, which could reduce the effectiveness of switching costs from being effective as an isolating mechanism. Our results show that switching costs are an important tool through which first-mover advantages materialize.

Recently, faced with stagnating subscriber growth, operators of mobile communication services worldwide are actively seeking to revitalize the convergence industry through partnerships with other sectors. South Korea—which launched the world's first 5G service in 2019—had 32 million 5G subscribers by 2023. However, due to issues such as poor service quality, the lack of compelling services, and inadequate network infrastructure relative to initial projections, subscriber growth has been slower than expected. In this paper, we analyze the deployment of 5G and its business models in vital fields like smart factories and digital healthcare, which are expected to play crucial roles in propelling the industry forward. The business model canvas (BMC) framework is employed to identify essential factors for industry revitalization, major challenges, and future strategies. The analysis reveals that the provision of ultra-broadband and low-latency services has been hindered by delays in deploying services at 28 GHz, crucial for advancing the convergence industry. Enhancing the use of the 28 GHz wireless network would enable critical services for smart factories and digital healthcare, such as mobile edge computing, machine vision, telemedicine, and AI-driven medical applications. Furthermore, it is determined that strategies for revitalization at the government level need urgent implementation, contrasting with the current, less effective sandbox-level strategies. The empirical findings of this study allow for an assessment of why 5G subscriber growth lags behind that of 4G, and assist in the formulation of effective policies. Additionally, this data can serve as a foundation for planning strategies to stimulate the convergence industry using future B5G and 6G networks.

Network effects and switching costs are two major economic forces in information technology industries. Although the consequences of these mechanisms on competition and firm strategy have been well documented in the literature, research on their impact on customer behavior has received less attention. In this study, the authors investigate the role of personal network effects and switching costs in explaining customer choice in the Spanish mobile telecommunications industry. Personal network effects are present when an individual user's utility increases more when some individuals adopt (social network) than when others do. Switching costs refer to costs associated with the process of switching from one provider to another. In addition, this paper studies the drivers of personal network effects and switching behavior. The results reveal that personal network effects and switching costs play a key role in determining mobile users’ choice: the probability that a customer selects a mobile phone company increases with the number of members of her social network already subscribed to that firm, and switching costs are significantly present in the mobile phone market making switching providers costly. Concerning the drivers of both mechanisms, the authors find that relationship characteristics (length, depth and breadth) and demographics differently affect personal network effects perceptions and consumer switching behavior. Implications for decision makers are discussed.

This paper is a preliminary and illustrative case study of Beijing's emerging mobile communication industrial (MCI) cluster, which helps understand the cluster by qualitative analysis and description. Beijing's MCI cluster is emerging as far as the competence of the industry and its spatial concentration are concerned, although it is not the type of the cluster described by PORTER due to the low competence of indigenous firms. The formation of the cluster can be explained by means of the factor and demand conditions of Beijing. However, it is mostly determined by the multinationals that promote the growth of the industry and the formation of the cluster, and by the government that also plays a key role in may ways. As a matter of fact, the interaction between the multinationals and the local government is the key to understanding the formation of the cluster. All in all, Beijing's emerging MCI cluster is a value-chain, geographically concentrated but non-localized cluster, which is highly dominated by the multinationals and the local government. Its special characteristics bear some policy implications as to the change of the roles of the local government and the localization of multinationals, etc.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Los efectos de red y los costes de cambio están presentes de manera significativa en un gran número de mercados, y con especial intensidad en el contexto de la denominada Economía de la Información. Aunque trabajos recientes han puesto de manifiesto su relevancia en la creación de valor en estos negocios, el estudio de su influencia sobre el comportamiento de los usuarios ha recibido una atención claramente menor. Esta investigación analiza el efecto conjunto de estas dos fuerzas efectos de red y costes de cambio sobre las decisiones de elección de proveedor que efectúan los clientes en la industria de la telefonía móvil. Para ello, este estudio distingue entre dos tipos de efectos de red: 1) clásicos, donde la utilidad de un usuario es función creciente del tamaño global de la red; y 2) locales, donde la utilidad de un usuario es función creciente del tamaño de su red social. Los resultados de la investigación ponen de manifiesto que costes de cambio y efectos de red (únicamente locales) afectan de manera decisiva a las decisiones de elección de los usuarios en la industria de la telefonía móvil. El trabajo discute las implicaciones de estos resultados para los diferentes agentes económicos.

The investigation and prediction of new trends and technologies for mobile cellular networks is of utmost importance for researchers and network providers to quickly identify promising developments. With the verge of the fifth generation of mobile communications (5G), networks become more and more heterogeneous and dynamic while the amount of active users within a cell keeps ever increasing. Therefore, the search for more efficient network layouts and configurations attracts massive attention while on the other hand becomes more and more complex. In this contribution, we present the Vienna 5G system level simulator, which allows to perform numerical performance evaluation of large-scale multi-tier networks, with numerous types of network nodes. The simulator is based on Matlab and is implemented in a modular fashion, to conveniently investigate arbitrary network and parameter constellations, which can be enhanced effortlessly. We first discuss the distinguishing aspects of our simulator platform, describe its structure, and then showcase its functionality by demonstrating the key aspects in more detail.

The recent advancements of Internet of Things (IoT) embedded systems, wireless networks, and biosensors those have assisted in the rapid development of implanting wearable sensors are reviewed here. The applications of the internet of medical things (IoMT) that has gained major attention as an ecosystem of connected clinical systems, computing systems, and medical sensors geared towards improving the quality of healthcare services are also reviewed here. The 5G based AI technology can revolute the perception of healthcare and lifestyle. In light of the importance of IoT platforms and 5G networks, the purpose of this proposed research work is to identify threats that could undermine the integrity, privacy, and security of IoMT systems. Also, the novel blockchain‐based approaches that can help in improving the confidentiality of IoMT network. It has been discovered that IoMT is vulnerable to various types of attacks, including denial of service (DoS), malware, and eavesdropping attack. In addition, IoMT is exposed to various vulnerabilities, such as security, privacy, and confidentiality. Despite multiple security threats, there are novel cryptographic techniques, such as access control, identity authentication, and data encryption that can help in improving the security and reliability of IoMT devices.

The ultimate goal of any prescribed medical therapy is to achieve desired outcomes of patient care. However, patient nonadherence has long been a major problem detrimental to patient health and, thus, is a concern for all health care providers. Moreover, nonadherence is extremely costly for global medical systems because of unnecessary complications and expenses. Traditional patient education programs often serve as an intervention tool to increase patients' self-care awareness, disease knowledge, and motivation to change patient behaviors for better adherence. Patient trust in physicians, patient-physician relationships, and quality of communication have also been identified as critical factors influencing patient adherence. However, little is known about how mobile patient education technologies help foster patient adherence. This study aimed to empirically investigate whether and how a mobile patient education system (MPES) juxtaposed with patient trust can increase patient adherence to prescribed medical therapies. This study was conducted based on a field survey of 125 patients in multiple states in the United States who have used an innovative mobile health care system for their health care education and information seeking. Partial least squares techniques were used to analyze the collected data. The results revealed that patient-physician communication and the use of an MPES significantly increase patients' trust in their physicians. Furthermore, patient trust has a prominent effect on patient attitude toward treatment adherence, which in turn influences patients' behavioral intention and actual adherence behavior. Based on the theory of planned behavior, the results also indicated that behavioral intention, response efficacy, and self-efficacy positively influenced patients' actual treatment adherence behavior, whereas descriptive norms and subjective norms do not play a role in this process. Our study is one of the first that examines the relationship between patients who actively use an MPES and their trust in their physicians. This study contributes to this context by enriching the trust literature, addressing the call to identify key patient-centered technology determinants of trust, advancing the understanding of patient adherence mechanisms, adding a new explanation of the influence of education mechanisms delivered via mobile devices on patient adherence, and confirming that the theory of planned behavior holds in this patient adherence context.

Access to and use of mobile telephony in sub-Saharan Africa has increased dramatically over the past decade. Mobile telephony has brought new possibilities to the continent. Across urban–rural and rich–poor divides, mobile phones connect individuals to individuals, information, markets, and services. These effects can be particularly dramatic in rural Africa, where in many places mobile phones have represented the first modern telecommunications infrastructure of any kind. Mobile phones have greatly reduced communication costs, thereby allowing individuals and firms to send and to obtain information quickly and cheaply on a variety of economic, social, and political topics. An emerging body of research shows that the reduction in communication costs associated with mobile phones has tangible economic benefits, improving agricultural and labor market efficiency and producer and consumer welfare in specific circumstances and countries. This paper first examines the evolution of mobile phone coverage and adoption in sub-Saharan Africa over the past decade. We then explore the main channels through which mobile phones can effect economic outcomes and appraise current evidence of its potential to improve economic development. We conclude with directions for future research and outline the necessary conditions for mobile phones to promote broader economic development in Africa.