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Ms. Marvel. Metamorphosis
\"The fan-favorite, critically acclaimed adventures of Kamala Khan continue! Love is in the air in Jersey City as Valentine's Day arrives! Kamala may not be allowed to go to the school dance - but Ms. Marvel is! Which is bad news for...Loki?! Then, when a mysterious stranger arrives in Jersey City, Ms. Marvel must deal with - a crush! Prepare for drama! Intrigue! Romance! Suspense! Punching things! Plus, see what happens when S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Jemma Simmons goes undercover at Kamala's school! And Ms. Marvel shares her first amazing, spectacular team-up with Spider-Man! But when the Marvel Universe enters its last days, can Kamala summon the will to keep on fi ghting the good fi ght? Maybe with a pep talk from her idol, Captain Marvel!\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Methods in Plant Foliar Volatile Organic Compounds Research
Plants are a major atmospheric source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These secondary metabolic products protect plants from high-temperature stress, mediate in plant–plant and plant–insect communication, and affect our climate globally. The main challenges in plant foliar VOC research are accurate sampling, the inherent reactivity of some VOC compounds that makes them hard to detect directly, and their low concentrations. Plant VOC research relies on analytical techniques for trace gas analysis, usually based on gas chromatography and soft chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Until now, these techniques (especially the latter one) have been developed and used primarily by physicists and analytical scientists, who have used them in a wide range of scientific research areas (e.g., aroma, disease biomarkers, hazardous compound detection, atmospheric chemistry). The interdisciplinary nature of plant foliar VOC research has recently attracted the attention of biologists, bringing them into the field of applied environmental analytical sciences. In this paper, we review the sampling methods and available analytical techniques used in plant foliar VOC research to provide a comprehensive resource that will allow biologists moving into the field to choose the most appropriate approach for their studies.
Journal Article
Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry versus Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Detection of Volatile Compounds from the Human Body
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that can be used for various applications in a number of scientific areas including environmental, security, forensic science, space exploration, agri-food, and numerous others. MS is also continuing to offer new insights into the proteomic and metabolomic fields. MS techniques are frequently used for the analysis of volatile compounds (VCs). The detection of VCs from human samples has the potential to aid in the diagnosis of diseases, in monitoring drug metabolites, and in providing insight into metabolic processes. The broad usage of MS has resulted in numerous variations of the technique being developed over the years, which can be divided into hyphenated and real-time MS techniques. Hyphenated chromatographic techniques coupled with MS offer unparalleled qualitative analysis and high accuracy and sensitivity, even when analysing complex matrices (breath, urine, stool, etc.). However, these benefits are traded for a significantly longer analysis time and a greater need for sample preparation and method development. On the other hand, real-time MS techniques offer highly sensitive quantitative data. Additionally, real-time techniques can provide results in a matter of minutes or even seconds, without altering the sample in any way. However, real-time MS can only offer tentative qualitative data and suffers from molecular weight overlap in complex matrices. This review compares hyphenated and real-time MS methods and provides examples of applications for each technique for the detection of VCs from humans.
Journal Article
Ms. Marvel. Vol. 10, Time and again
\"If calamity strikes Jersey City while Kamala is having a sleepover with Nakia, Zoe, and Mike, how can Ms. Marvel save the day without bailing on her best friends? And speaking of BFFs, Bruno is back--and he and Kamala are learning how to be pals again. What better bonding experience than geeking out over a little science? And what better experiment to run than trying to figure out how Ms. Marvel's powers work?\"--Back cover.
Book
Fast and Accurate Protein False Discovery Rates on Large-Scale Proteomics Data Sets with Percolator 3.0
Percolator is a widely used software tool that increases yield in shotgun proteomics experiments and assigns reliable statistical confidence measures, such as
q
values and posterior error probabilities, to peptides and peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs) from such experiments. Percolator’s processing speed has been sufficient for typical data sets consisting of hundreds of thousands of PSMs. With our new scalable approach, we can now also analyze millions of PSMs in a matter of minutes on a commodity computer. Furthermore, with the increasing awareness for the need for reliable statistics on the protein level, we compared several easy-to-understand protein inference methods and implemented the best-performing method—grouping proteins by their corresponding sets of theoretical peptides and then considering only the best-scoring peptide for each protein—in the Percolator package. We used Percolator 3.0 to analyze the data from a recent study of the draft human proteome containing 25 million spectra (PM:24870542). The source code and Ubuntu, Windows, MacOS, and Fedora binary packages are available from
http://percolator.ms/
under an Apache 2.0 license.
Graphical Abstract
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Journal Article
Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Updates in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches
Purpose of ReviewIn this review, we provide a comprehensive update on current scientific advances and emerging therapeutic approaches in the field of multiple sclerosis. Recent FindingsMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a common disorder characterized by inflammation and degeneration within the central nervous system (CNS). MS is the leading cause of non-traumatic disability in the young adult population. Through ongoing research, an improved understanding of the disease underlying mechanisms and contributing factors has been achieved. As a result, therapeutic advancements and interventions have been developed specifically targeting the inflammatory components that influence disease outcome. Recently, a new type of immunomodulatory treatment, known as Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, has surfaced as a promising tool to combat disease outcomes. Additionally, there is a renewed interested in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as a major potentiator of MS. Current research efforts are focused on addressing the gaps in our understanding of the pathogenesis of MS, particularly with respect to non-inflammatory drivers.SummarySignificant and compelling evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of MS is complex and requires a comprehensive, multilevel intervention strategy. This review aims to provide an overview of MS pathophysiology and highlights the most recent advances in disease-modifying therapies and other therapeutic interventions.
Journal Article
Marvel rising
\"When Doreen Green (also known as the Unbeatable Squirrel Girl) volunteers as head counselor for an extracurricular computer programming class, little does she know that junior counselor Kamala Khan moonlights as crime fighting super hero Ms. Marvel. But this coding configuration is more than just ones and zeros when a mysterious new super villain shows her face. Will our heroes be able to save the day without blowing their secret identities? Join Ms. Marvel and Squirrel Girl (with some special guest appearances) as they learn what it truly takes to become the next generation of Marvel heroes!\" -- (Source of summary not specified)
Book
Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Affects Lipid Accumulation and Metabolism in a Human Liver-Derived Cell Line
The physiological functions of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of lysoPE on lipogenesis and lipolysis were investigated in a cultured human liver-derived cell line. The intracellular lipid profile was investigated in detail using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to better understand the underlying mechanism. The expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and catabolism was analyzed using real-time PCR. LysoPE supplementation induced cellular lipid droplet formation and altered triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles. Furthermore, lysoPE downregulated expression of the TAG hydrolyzation regulation factor ATGL, and reduced the expression of fatty acid biosynthesis-related genes SREBP1 and SCD1. LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic profiling revealed that the addition of lysoPE 18:2 increased the PE species containing linoleic acyl, as well as the CE 18:2 species, likely due to the incorporation of linoleic acyl from lysoPE 18:2. Collectively, these findings suggest that lysoPE 18:2 is involved in lipid droplet formation by suppressing lipolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, lysoPE might play a pathological role in the induction of fatty liver disease.
Journal Article