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Introduction. The conservative trend is fashionable and highly sought in the political discourse of modern Russia. This indicates the relevance of studying the history of conservative thought. The novelty of the article is the attraction and analysis of new sources, which made it possible to concretize the attitude of N.M. Karamzin to Peter I. The aim of the study is to identify and establish the views of Karamzin on the role of Peter the Great in the history of Russia. The objectives are to identify the stages and directions of the evolution of the views of N.M. Karamzin on the reformer and his activities, determining the causes of its changes. Methods. The article uses the problem-chronological method within the framework of intellectual history. Analysis. Based on the analysis of the historian’s work, it is asserted that through the end of the 18th century N.M. Karamzin extolled Peter the Great and justified his cruel reformation methods. Starting from the reign of reform-minded Alexander I of Russia and being influenced by revolutionary events in France, the Russian historian began to criticize Peter the Great. In his Memoir on Ancient and Modern Russia the historian criticized Peter’s violation of national traditions and his barbaric methods of the country’s Europeanization. Later, in the closing stages of the reign of Alexander I, the historian having considered Russia’s victory over France, stepped back to his positive evaluation of Peter the Great as the ruler of the country, who laid the groundwork for Russia’s power and prestige. Results. Thus, the article analyzes the evolution of the views of the major ideologist of Russian conservatism N. M. Karamzin on the role of Peter the Great in Russian history. Research gaps are closed, requiring filling by engaging sources for analysis not previously involved in scientific circulation.

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of emergence of analytical conclusions in Russian historical science at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Based on the historiographical analysis of the text of “Concise Russian Church History” of Metropolitan Platon (Levshin) the author makes an attempt to demonstrate that scientific analytics is formed in the historical discourse through authors sentence, the deductive excursus created by the author in the process of making a text and providing the discovery of the pragmatic sense of the narrative. On the basis of the purpose of sentence in general text linguistics, the author makes an assumption that such a sentential generalization finds its way into the historical work of Metropolitan Platon through the orthodox homiletics, making the structure of authors narrative similar in a sense and purpose to a sermon. Methods. The research is based on the hermeneutic research method supplemented by the comparative historical and linguistic methods of text research. Applying the historiographical methods results in analyzing the sense and purpose of sentences in the text of historical composition of Metropolitan Platon. Analysis. The article describes a number of coincidences of some sentential generalizations suggested by Metropolitan Platon with sentences included in Karamzins “History of Russian State”. In particular, the researcher remarks the meaning coincidences of authors sentences in evaluating Russian paganism as well as in characterizing Russian society shortly before and after the Mongol-Tatar invasion. He emphasizes some differences in using authors sentences in these texts, analyses the reasons of these differences, finds out a place of sentences in every composition. Results. Finally, the researcher makes a conclusion that in spite of any differences in using sentential generalizations, in these compositions of Platon and Karamzin they form a summarizing part of their historical discourse as an inherent side of their writing styles in presenting historical material. Such a sentence becomes the first step in the formation of scientific analytics, allowing historians of the early 19th century to rise above information of the source, divide information flows, instill scientific discoursivity to the narrative, give conceptual importance to authors conclusions.

Статья посвящена эволюции взглядов крупного идеолога русской консервативной «партии» Н.М. Карамзина на роль Петра Великого в российской истории. На основе анализа творчества историка утверждается, что до конца XVIII в. Н.М. Карамзин превозносил Петра I и оправдывал его жестокие методы преобразований. В «Письмах русского путешественника» Н.М. Карамзин восхищался петровской европеизацией России, считая ее прогрессивной и отвечающей национальным интересам. Выяснено, что историк даже планировал написать «Историческое похвальное слово Петру I». С началом реформаторского правления Александра I и под влиянием революционных событий во Франции последовала критика Петра Великого со стороны российского историографа. Он обвинял Петра I в унижении национального самолюбия, хотя при этом признавал успешность его военных реформ. В «Записке о древней и новой России в ее политическом и гражданском отношениях» историк критиковал нарушение Петром I национальных традиций и его варварские методы европеизации страны, хотя в целом Н.М. Карамзин признавал императора как основателя великой европейской державы. В последние годы царствования Александра I историк, осмысливая победу России над Францией, вновь позитивно оценивает годы самодержавия Петра I как правителя страны, заложившего основы ее могущества.