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The probability of defects detection (POD) is developed as an efficient tool to evaluate the detection capacity of non-destructive testing methods. An experimental study has been carried out applying the magnetic particle test method with an electromagnetic yoke on welded steel joints, which contained surface defects previously characterized in shape, size and location. The test conditions were varied, such as the type of magnetization current, and the type of magnetic particle. The probability of detecting defects in welded joints evaluated by the Hit/miss method increased with the size of the defect, independent of its shape factor. Smaller defects were likely to be detected with dry magnetic particles compared to wet fluorescent ones, a50 (2,118 mm ˂ 2,469 mm), a90 (6,395 mm ˂ 6,77 mm) and a90/95 (12,12 mm ˂ 12,19 mm).