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\"Without doubt the best modern and up-to-date text on the topic, wirtten by one of the world leading experts in the field. Should be on the desk of any practitioner or researcher involved in the field of Machine Condition Monitoring\" Simon Braun, Israel Institute of Technology Explaining complex ideas in an easy to understand way, Vibration-based Condition Monitoring provides a comprehensive survey of the application of vibration analysis to the condition monitoring of machines. Reflecting the natural progression of these systems by presenting the fundamental material and then moving onto detection, diagnosis and prognosis, Randall presents classic and state-of-the-art research results that cover vibration signals from rotating and reciprocating machines; basic signal processing techniques; fault detection; diagnostic techniques, and prognostics. Developed out of notes for a course in machine condition monitoring given by Robert Bond Randall over ten years at the University of New South Wales, Vibration-based Condition Monitoring: Industrial, Aerospace and Automotive Applications is essential reading for graduate and postgraduate students/ researchers in machine condition monitoring and diagnostics as well as condition monitoring practitioners and machine manufacturers who want to include a machine monitoring service with their product. Includes a number of exercises for each chapter, many based on Matlab, to illustrate basic points as well as to facilitate the use of the book as a textbook for courses in the topic. Accompanied by a website www.wiley.com/go/randall housing exercises along with data sets and implementation code in Matlab for some of the methods as well as other pedagogical aids. Authored by an internationally recognised authority in the area of condition monitoring.

The increased use of polymer matrix composites in structural applications has led to the growing need for a very high level of quality control and testing of products to ensure and monitor performance over time. This book explores a range of NDE techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of application areas.Part one provides an overview of a range of NDE and NDT techniques including eddy current testing, shearography, ultrasonics, acoustic emission, and dielectrics. Part two highlights the use of NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications. Part three focuses on NDE techniques for aerospace applications including the evaluation of aerospace composites for impact damage and flaw characterisation. Finally, the use of traditional and emerging NDE techniques in civil and marine applications is explored in part four.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, this book is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using polymer matrix composites, professionals requiring an understanding of non-destructive evaluation techniques, and academics interested in this field.

Early nondestructive inspection of rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete structures is important, but a practical, accurate, high-speed, and high-resolution method has not yet been proposed. We have proposed a vibro-Doppler radar (VDR) method for quantitative evaluation of rebar corrosion based on vibration displacement of a rebar sinusoidally vibrated by an excitation coil. However, this method is not practical because it is not quick enough, requiring two minutes for a measurement at one point. In this paper, a VDR system based on a pulse radar, which is 100 times faster than the conventional system, was developed, and its effectiveness was verified using a concrete specimen. As a result, it was found that a 30-cm section could be scanned in about 2 min. Furthermore, the vibration displacements spatially distributed on the rebar were monitored while the rebar was corroded by electrolytic corrosion tests. As a result, it was found that the vibration displacement increased locally with a width of a few centimeters, and their positions corresponded to the positions of sectional loss of rebar due to corrosion, indicating that this method can be used for nondestructive evaluation of localized rebar corrosion.

Electromagnetic Non-destructive Evaluation (ENDE) is an invaluable, non-invasive diagnostic tool for the inspection, testing, evaluation and characterization of materials and structures.

An introduction to the most relevant theoretical and algorithmic aspects of modern microwave imaging approaches Microwave imaging—a technique used in sensing a given scene by means of interrogating microwaves—has recently proven its usefulness in providing excellent diagnostic capabilities in several areas, including civil and industrial engineering, nondestructive testing and evaluation, geophysical prospecting, and biomedical engineering. Microwave Imaging offers comprehensive descriptions of the most important techniques so far proposed for short-range microwave imaging—including reconstruction procedures and imaging systems and apparatus—enabling the reader to use microwaves for diagnostic purposes in a wide range of applications. This hands-on resource features: * A review of the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem formulation, written from an engineering perspective and with notations * The most effective reconstruction techniques based on diffracted waves, including time- and frequency-domain methods, as well as deterministic and stochastic space-domain procedures * Currently proposed imaging apparatus, aimed at fast and accurate measurements of the scattered field data * Insight on near field probes, microwave axial tomographs, and microwave cameras and scanners * A discussion of practical applications with detailed descriptions and discussions of several specific examples (e.g., materials evaluation, crack detection, inspection of civil and industrial structures, subsurface detection, and medical applications) * A look at emerging techniques and future trends Microwave Imaging is a practical resource for engineers, scientists, researchers, and professors in the fields of civil and industrial engineering, nondestructive testing and evaluation, geophysical prospecting, and biomedical engineering.

This paper presents an air-coupled impact echo (IE) technique that relies on the phase spectrum of the collected data to find the frequencies corresponding to the reflections from delaminations. The proposed technique takes advantage of the fact that the IE compression wave is not a propagating wave, but it is the 1st order symmetrical (S1) mode Lamb wave at zero group velocity (S1-ZGV). Therefore, it searches the phase spectra of the data collected by multiple sensors to locate the frequency corresponding to the lowest phase difference. As a result, the technique reduces the effect of propagating waves, including the direct acoustic wave and ambient noise. It is named the Constant Phase IE (CPIE). The performance of the CPIE is experimentally compared with the regular amplitude spectrum-based IE technique and two other multisensor IE techniques. The CPIE shows a performance advantage, especially in a noisy environment.

Bridge health monitoring is increasingly relevant for the maintenance of existing structures or new structures with innovative concepts that require validation of design predictions. In the United States there are more than 600,000 highway bridges. Nearly half of them (46.4%) are rated as fair while about 1 out of 13 (7.6%) is rated in poor condition. As such, the United States is one of those countries in which bridge health monitoring systems are installed in order to complement conventional periodic nondestructive inspections. This paper reviews the challenges associated with bridge health monitoring related to the detection of specific bridge characteristics that may be indicators of anomalous behavior. The methods used to detect loss of stiffness, time-dependent and temperature-dependent deformations, fatigue, corrosion, and scour are discussed. Owing to the extent of the existing scientific literature, this review focuses on systems installed in U.S. bridges over the last 20 years. These are all major factors that contribute to long-term degradation of bridges. Issues related to wireless sensor drifts are discussed as well. The scope of the paper is to help newcomers, practitioners, and researchers at navigating the many methodologies that have been proposed and developed in order to identify damage using data collected from sensors installed in real structures.

A comprehensive text to the non-destructive evaluation of degradation of materials due to environment that takes an interdisciplinary approach Non-Destructive Evaluation of Corrosion and Corrosion-assisted Cracking is an important resource that covers the critical interdisciplinary topic of non-destructive evaluation of degradation of materials due to environment. The authors—noted experts in the field—offer an overview of the wide-variety of approaches to non-destructive evaluation and various types of corrosion. The text is filled with instructive case studies from a range of industries including aerospace, energy, defense, and processing. The authors review the most common non-destructive evaluation techniques that are applied in both research and industry in order to evaluate the properties and more importantly degradation of materials components or systems without causing damage. Ultrasonic, radiographic, thermographic, electromagnetic, and optical are some of the methods explored in the book. This important text: * Offers a groundbreaking interdisciplinary approach to of non-destructive evaluation of corrosion and corrosion-assisted cracking * Discusses techniques for non-destructive evaluation and various types of corrosion * Includes information on the application of a variety of techniques as well as specific case studies * Contains information targeting industries such as aerospace, energy, processing * Presents information from leading researchers and technologists in both non-destructive evaluation and corrosion Written for life assessment and maintenance personnel involved in quality control, failure analysis, and R&D, Non-Destructive Evaluation of Corrosion and Corrosion-assisted Cracking is an essential interdisciplinary guide to the topic.

The coupling of waves between the piezoelectric generators, detectors, and propagating media is challenging due to mismatch in the acoustic properties. The mismatch leads to the reverberation of waves within the transducer, heating, low signal-to-noise ratio, and signal distortion. Acoustic impedance matching increases the coupling largely. This article presents standard methods to match the acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers with the surrounding wave propagation media. Acoustic matching methods utilizing active and passive materials have been discussed. Special materials such as nanocomposites, metamaterials, and metasurfaces as emerging materials have been presented. Emphasis is placed throughout the article to differentiate the difference between electric and acoustic impedance matching and the relation between the two. Comparison of various techniques is made with the discussion on capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages. Acoustic impedance matching for specific and uncommon applications has also been covered.