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Nutrition education linked to agricultural interventions improved child dietary diversity in rural Cambodia
Poor infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are major determinants of chronic malnutrition. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of a nutrition education (NE) programme aimed at promoting improved IYCF behaviours in combination with an agriculture intervention on children’s dietary diversity and nutritional status. From 2012 to 2014, a cluster randomised trial was rolled out in Cambodia in the context of an agriculture and nutrition project of the FAO of the UN. The cross-sectional baseline study was carried out in sixteen pre-selected communes in 2012. Restricted randomisation allotted the communes to either intervention (NE and agriculture intervention) or comparison arms (agriculture intervention only). The impact survey was conducted as a census in all FAO project villages in 2014. Caregivers of children aged 0–23 months were interviewed using standardised questions on socio-economic status and dietary diversity (24-h recall). Anthropometric measurements were taken. A difference-in-differences model was applied. The sample comprised 743 households with children ≥6 months of age at baseline and 921 at impact. After 1 year of NE, 69 % of the intervention households reported to have participated in the NE. Estimated mean child dietary diversity was significantly different at impact between comparison and intervention (3·6 and 3·9, respectively). In particular, the consumption of pro-vitamin A-rich foods and other fruits and vegetables increased. No treatment effects on height-for-age Z-scores could be shown. NE led to improvements in children’s diets. For effects on growth, it is assumed that longer NE activities are required to achieve sustainable behaviour change of age-appropriate infant feeding.
Journal Article
Autism : exploring the benefits of a gluten- and casein-free diet : a practical guide for families and professionals
\"Autism represents one of the biggest health challenges facing children today. Whilst experts around the globe strive to unravel and truly understand how autism develops and presents itself, relatively little is still known about the condition. Meanwhile, strong evidence has emerged that the diet in children on the autistic spectrum can have a significant role to play in the management of their symptoms. A growing body of research reveals that some challenging characteristics present in autism may be positively affected by the introduction of a gluten- and casein-free (GFCF) diet. Autism: Exploring the benefits of a gluten and casein free diet offers an easy-to-read alternative to sifting through the science. Written by experts in autism research, food, nutrition and dietetics, the book cuts through the science-speak to offer readers a no-nonsense overview of diet and autism together with a range of useful recipes and handy hints for making mealtimes fun for children with autism and related conditions\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The effectiveness of nutrition education programmes on improving dietary intake in athletes: a systematic review
Nutrition education programmes for athletes aim to enhance nutrition knowledge and more importantly support positive dietary change to enhance performance, health and well-being. This systematic review assessed changes in the dietary intakes of athletes in response to nutrition education programmes. A search was conducted which included studies providing quantitative dietary intake assessment of athletes of any calibre aged between 12 and 65 years in response to a nutrition education programme. Standardised differences (effect sizes) were calculated (when possible) for each dietary parameter. The search yielded 6285 papers with twenty-two studies (974 participants (71·9 % female)) eligible for inclusion. Studies described athletes competing at high school (n 3) through to college level or higher (n 19). Study designs were either single arm with an intervention-only group (twelve studies; n 241) or double arm including an intervention and control group (ten studies; n 689). No control groups received an alternative or ‘sham’ intervention. Face-to-face lectures (9/22) and individual nutrition counselling (6/22) were the most common education interventions. Non-weighed, 3-d diet records (10/22) were the most frequently utilised dietary assessment method. Although 14/22 studies (n 5 single and n 9 double) reported significant change in at least one nutrition parameter, dietary changes were inconsistent. Poor study quality and heterogeneity of methods prohibit firm conclusions regarding overall intervention success or superior types of educational modalities. Of note, carbohydrate intakes ‘post-intervention’ when assessed often failed to meet recommended guidelines (12/17 studies). Given the substantial investment made in nutrition education interventions with athletes, there is a need for well-designed and rigorous research to inform future best practice.
Journal Article
Foods for health : choose and use the very best foods for your family and our planet
For health-conscious cooks, clean eaters, and smart consumers, National Geographic introduces a science-based guide to healthy, everyday eating for your whole family -- and the planet. Featuring dozens of tips, food pairings, and sample menus, this attractive book is a culinary tour of the 148 foods that have huge nutritional value with the least environmental impact. This guide explores food and its place in cultures around the world; highlights what it adds to healthy menus today; and advises consumers on what to look for, how to choose, how to prepare and what to avoid in order to make best choices for the table and for the planet.
Book
Impact of a behaviourally focused nutrition education intervention on attitudes and practices related to eating habits and activity levels in Indian adolescents
To evaluate the effectiveness of a behaviourally focused nutrition education (NE) intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to eating habits and activity levels in 10–12-year-old adolescents in Mumbai, India.
School-based cluster randomised controlled trial. The experimental group (EG) received weekly NE and three parent sessions over 12 weeks; no sessions were conducted for the control group (CG). The theoretical framework of HBM and focus group discussion results guided the development of behaviour change communication strategies and NE aids. KAP were measured using a validated survey instrument, administered at baseline and endline in EG and CG. Paired and independent t tests determined within-group and between-group changes in pre–post scores.
Two aided and two private schools that were randomly allocated to either an EG or CG.
Adolescent boys and girls (n 498; EG n 292 and CG n 206).
EG reported improvements in mean knowledge (39·3%), attitude (7·3 %), diet (9·6 %) and activity practice (9·4%) scores from pre to post intervention. No significant changes were observed in CG. Significant improvements in scores associated with perceived benefits, barriers and self-efficacy, breakfast and vegetable consumption, and moderate-to-vigorous activities were observed in EG.
Integrating NE into the academic curriculum and adopting evidence-based lessons that entail targeted information delivery and participatory activities can improve knowledge, foster right attitudes and facilitate better eating and activity-related practices in Indian adolescents.
Journal Article
Human performance for tactical athletes
\"A guide to the Eat, Sweat, Thrive curriculum used for Navy Seals intended to enhance training for firefighters, law enforcement officers, EMTs, and other tactical athletes\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Community-based educational intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in western Kenya: results from a randomized controlled trial
Lack of diversity is a major factor contributing to inadequate nutrient intakes among children during the complementary feeding period in many rural areas in developing countries. This has been attributed to inadequate feeding practices and nutrition knowledge among their caregivers. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention on children's dietary diversity and nutrition knowledge of caregivers.
Cluster randomization was applied and twenty matched village pairs were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The nutrition education intervention consisted of four sessions comprising of group trainings and cooking demonstrations that were conducted over a period of 5 months.
Households in rural communities in Bondo and Teso South sub-counties, western Kenya.
Caregivers with children aged 6-17 months receiving nutrition education.
The children's dietary diversity scores (CDDS) and nutrition knowledge scores of the caregivers improved significantly in the intervention group at endline. The treatment effect on CDDS was positive and significant (P=0.001). The CDDS rate of the children in the intervention group was 27% larger than it would have been without the treatment effect. The intervention also had a significant effect on the caregivers' nutrition knowledge scores (incidence rate ratio=2.05; P<0.001). However, the nutrition knowledge of the caregivers did not have a significant effect on CDDS (P=0.731).
The nutrition education intervention led to improvements in children's dietary diversity and nutrition knowledge of the caregivers.
Journal Article
Childhood programs and practices in the first decade of life : a human capital integration
\"This volume presents research findings on the effects of early childhood propgrams and practices in the first decade of life and their implications for policy development and reform. The contributors are leading researchers in the multidisciplinary field of human development and in early childhood learning. Effects and cost-effectiveness of the most influential model, state, and federallly-funded programs, policies, and practices are described. These include Head Start, Early Head Start, the WIC Nutrition program, Nurse Family Partnership, and Perry Preschool as well as school reform strategies. The volume provides a unique multidisciplinary approach for understanding and improving interventions, practices, and policies to optimally foster human captial over the life course\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Nutrition care by primary-care physicians: advancing our understanding using the COM-B framework
To investigate the nutrition education provided by primary-care physicians (PCP).
An integrative review was used to examine literature on nutrition care provided by PCP from 2012 to 2018. A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus using key search terms.
USA, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, UK, Lebanon, Australia and New Zealand.
Primary-care physicians.
Sixteen qualitative and quantitative studies were analysed thematically using meta-synthesis informed by the COM-B model of behaviour (capability, motivation and opportunity), to understand the influences on PCP behaviours to provide nutrition care. PCP perceive that they lack nutrition capability. While PCP motivation to provide nutrition care differs based on patient characteristics and those of their own, opportunity is influenced by medical educators, mentors and policy generated by professional and governmental organisations.
The development of PCP capability, motivation and opportunity to provide nutrition care should begin in undergraduate medical training, and continue into PCP training, to create synergy between these behaviours for PCP to become confident providing nutrition care as an integral component of disease prevention and management in contemporary medical practice.
Journal Article