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"occupied palestine"
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Gaza
Gaza is among the most densely populated places in the world. Two-thirds of its inhabitants are refugees, and more than half the population is under eighteen years of age. Since Israel occupied Gaza in 1967, it has systematically de-developed the economy. After Hamas won democratic elections in 2006, Israel intensified its blockade of Gaza, and after Hamas consolidated its control of the territory in 2007, Israel tightened its illegal siege another notch. In the meantime, Israel has launched no less than eight military operations against Gaza--culminating in Operation Cast Lead in 2008-9 and Operation Protective Edge in 2014--that left behind over three million tons of rubble. Recent UN reports predict that Gaza will be unlivable by 2020. Norman G. Finkelstein presents a meticulously researched and devastating inquest into Israel's actions of the last decade. He argues that although Israel justified its blockade and violent assaults in the name of self-defense, in fact these actions were cynical exercises of brutal power against an essentially defenseless civilian population. Based on hundreds of human rights reports, the book scrutinizes multifarious violations of international law Israel committed both during its operations and in the course of its decade-long siege of Gaza. It is a monument to Gaza's martyrs and a scorching accusation against their tormenters
eBook
Kingdom of olives and ash : writers confront the occupation
A groundbreaking collection of essays by celebrated international writers bears witness to the human cost of fifty years of Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza. In Kingdom of Olives and Ash, Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman, two of today's most renowned novelists and essayists, have teamed up with the Israeli NGO Breaking the Silence -- an organization comprised of former Israeli soldiers who served in the occupied territories and saw firsthand the injustice there -- and a host of illustrious writers to tell the stories of the people on the ground in the contested territories. Kingdom of Olives and Ash includes contributions from several of today's most esteemed storytellers including: Colum McCann, Jacqueline Woodson, Colm Toibin, Geraldine Brooks, Dave Eggers, Hari Kunzru, Raja Shehadeh, Mario Vargas Llosa and Assaf Gavron, as well as from editors Chabon and Waldman. Through these incisive, perceptive, and poignant essays, readers will gain unique insight into the narratives behind the litany of grim destruction broadcasted nightly on the news, as well as deeper understanding of the conflict as experienced by the people who live in the occupied territories. Together, these stories stand witness to the human cost of the occupation.
Book
Global health diplomacy efforts in advancing the right to health in occupied palestine
This paper examines the effectiveness of global health diplomacy efforts in advancing the right to health in Occupied Palestine as a conflict zone, with a focus on Gaza Strip where human rights are challenged, specifically since October 2023 escalations. The qualitative approach employed where analytical desk review of primary and secondary sources conducted revealed mixed outcomes. Global health diplomacy succeeded partially in mitigating some immediate challenges through global solidarity and advocacy campaigns, besides controlled limited humanitarian emergency response through resource mobilization, provision of essential medicines, provision of psychosocial support, and limited selective medical evacuation, provision of water and sanitation supplies. However, global health diplomacy largely failed in preventing attacks on hospitals and healthcare infrastructure, protecting medical personnel and ambulances from targeting, securing access to essential service, getting humanitarian aids into Gaza unconditionally, or protecting Gaza population from being starved. Global health diplomacy failed in lifting the longstanding economic blockade, and in addressing the broader social determinants of health undermined by the occupation. It failed in addressing the underlying political causes and structural impediments impairing the right to health by securing permanent peace, freedom and stability for Palestine.
Journal Article
Exploring the association of household location and sociodemographic profile on dietary diversity in occupied Palestine: a serial cross-sectional study
Background
The prevalence of undernourishment is significantly higher in conflict-affected low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), compared to LMICs not experiencing conflict. Evidence suggests that in these settings households may adopt coping strategies such as consuming less nutritious food and thereby reducing food diversity to mitigate the impact of food insecurity. The long-term trend of food diversity in a protracted conflict setting has not been explored in detail due to challenges in collecting systematic and representative data in conflict-affected and fragile settings.
Methods
This study examined food diversity – measured using food consumption scores (FCS) – among Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, utilizing a serial cross-sectional design to analyze a systematically random sampled dataset that was collected by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics – from 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. We analyzed the distribution of household location by survey year and used multivariate linear regression to evaluate factors associated with changes in food consumption score.
Results
Mean household FCS climbed from 71·9 in 2014 to 93·6 in 2016 but slipped to 73·4 in 2018 and 71·2 in 2020, signifying an overall decline in dietary diversity. For the West Bank, household location to the barrier, head of household gender (female), living in a refugee camp, and households with middle- or lower-income levels were associated with a reduction in FCS. For the Gaza Strip, households that reported minor mobility restrictions and middle- or lower-income levels were associated with a reduction in FCS.
Conclusions
The findings elucidate the long-term impact of conflict on household food diversity, highlight a significant and worsening issue of food insecurity amongst Palestinians residing in the occupied Palestinian territory, and underline urgent need to address this critical issue and further protect vulnerable populations in conflict-affected regions.
Journal Article
Constructing and Validating of the COVID-19 Fear Scale
Background: Various corona-phobia scales have been constructed to measure the levels of fear related to COVID-19. However, probably these scales were established based on the individualistic perspective, without pay attention to fear for others' destiny. Objective: The current study is addressing the fear of COVID-19 in light of collectivistic values. Method: The present study constructed and validated a new scale measuring fear of COVID-19 among Palestinians (C-19FSP) based on a sample size of (885) respondents. Further, this study was designed to provide an optimal cut-off score for diagnosing corona-phobia. The study was carried out through two phases using a convenient sampling method and online surveys. Results: Factorial validity using EFA and CFA revealed a consistent and stable structure with a four-factor solution covered 13 items measuring (a) Fear about Others due to COVID-19, (b) F2: Virus Threat and Dangerousness, (c) F3: Pessimism about COVID-19's Course, and (d) F4: Infection Phobia. Based on a cut-off of ≤ 52 on the C-19FSP produced good results regarding sensitivity and specificity (75% and 80% respectively). The AUC equals. 91 (p <.001, 95% CI =.88-.93). Age had a significant effect on the fear of the COVID-with a small effect size. Results revealed that those individuals aged more than 53 years old have less fear of COVID-19 compared to younger individuals. Place of residence had also a significant effect on the fear of COVID-19 with a large effect. Citizens from Gaza Strip have more fear of COVID-19 compared to citizens from the West Bank and Jerusalem. In addition, the difference in fear between the citizens from the West Bank and Jerusalem was in favor to those from Jerusalem. Meanwhile, gender, educational level, and marital status had not significant effects on the fear of COVID-19. Conclusion: The C-19FSP proved to be a good measure to identify cases of Coronavirus phobia among Palestinians with moderate accuracy.
Journal Article
How remote leaning during crisis affect technostress levels experienced by academicians
Despite the extensive coverage in the literature, limited attention has been paid to the investigation of technostress among academicians who work under special circumstances, such as occupation, and might have different psychological states due to those conditions. To fill this gap, this study examined the level and factorial structure of technostress among 573 Palestinian academicians who worked in a more-than-seventy-years occupied country, and with the addition of the COVID-19 pandemic. A sequential mixed method approach with confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the technostress factors and to measure their level among the academicians. The obtained findings indicated that the four factors of (1) schedule overload, (2) complexity, (3) uncertainty and uselessness, and (4) invasion and compulsion formed the model of techno-stressors among Palestinian academicians. This can help various stakeholders (researchers, policy makers, practitioners, etc.) to design the needed interventions accordingly and reduce the technostress among academicians; hence, enhancing the latter’s teaching practices and experiences.
Journal Article