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"orientalism"
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Orientalism and literature
\"Introduction What is the relationship between Orientalism and literature and how does it aid us in our reading? Orientalism: Critical Concepts sets out to interrogate a key critical concept in literary studies, and has the aim of reviewing the evolution of the concept as it has been explored, imagined and narrated in literature. Building upon existing scholarship the aim is to give readers a comprehensive grasp of the origins and present contours of Orientalism, and to point out future directions in this field. In the early eighteenth century the term designated scholarship on the East, as well as a style in the arts. Interest in the study of oriental languages led to the establishment of Orientalism as a profession. Although it continued as a discipline for well over two centuries, its scope developed beyond its philological beginnings and its vaguely defined existence as a literary or artistic topic or style. Then, in the 1960s and 70s, the academic credibility of Orientalism as an institutionalized discipline began to be contested, and after Edward Said's epoch-making volume, Orientalism: Western Perceptions of the Orient (1978), the term underwent wholesale re-evaluation. From a literary studies perspective the value of Said's work is that it probes foundations of the relationship between the West and its other in the context of the creation of the modern world, as seen through the lens of culture and literature. Said focused on Orientalism in Britain and France, and in the United States from the second half of the twentieth century\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Orientalist Stylometry: A Statistical Approach to the Analysis of Orientalist Cinema
This article begins by countering the standard critique that Edward Said’s “Orientalism” suffers from the same essentialist binarism that he identified in Orientalist discourse. It is argued instead that Said’s work is more nuanced than is often implied, while remaining a fairly clear paradigm that allows for a multi-dimensional study of filmic texts, including: 1) locating patterns within representations of the East; 2) evaluating degrees of conformance to orientalist stereotypes; 3) charting the evolution of orientalist discourse in film, noting both enduring themes as well as new variations such as techno-orientalism. The article then focuses on Euro-American representations of the island-city-state of Singapore as a case study, including textual analyses of a sample of narrative fiction films produced between World War II and the present. The method employed is statistical analyses of film style, inspired by the work of Barry Salt and Jeremy Butler. By identifying stylistic and image content parameters such as shot length, shot size, point-of-view editing, the presence/absence of Asian versus Caucasian characters and languages spoken, and correlating this data to Said’s dogmas of orientalism, it becomes possible to uncover information that had previously gone unnoticed, and can lead to new insights regarding orientalist discourse in the cinema.
Journal Article
Decadent orientalisms : the decay of colonial modernity
\"Decadent Orientalisms presents a sustained critique of the ways Orientalism and decadence have formed a joint discursive mode of the imperial imagination. Rather than attending to Orientalism as a repertoire of clichâes and stereotypes, Fieni reads both Western and Islamic discourses of decadence to show the diffuse, yet coherent network of institutions that have constituted Orientalism's power\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Визуелно кодирање идентитета: павиљони Босне и Херцеговине на Миленијумској изложби у Будимпешти 1896. године
Summary The intricacies of identity policies within the late 19th-century Kingdom of Hungary became apparent at the Millennium Exhibition in Budapest, notably through the visual representation and conceptualization of the Bosnian pavilions. The Austro-Hungarian occupation commenced in 1878 with the aim to quell pan-Slavism, secure access to resources, and extend market influence. Bearing witness to essentialist dichotomies between the so-called East and West, as articulated in contemporaneous literary sources, the representational patterns visible at the Millennial Exhibition in Budapest reflected and reinforced these prevailing notions. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Millennium Exhibition, Budapest, Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, imperialism, Orientalism, Bosniak identity, visual culture. Уводна pasMarpama Током читавог XIX века Мабари cy континуирано радили Ha изградьи сопственог националног идентитета, уз различите успоне и падове, onpebeHe политичким околностима y KojuMa су ce затекли. Формираюем Аустроугарске MoHapxuje 1867. roдине положа) мабарског народа се знатно поправио y политичком погледу, што he условити HesaramheHW разво) y угарском делу MoHapxHje наредних децени)а, y свим поъима деловата - од економи)е, индустри)е и технологи)е, до културе. Кулминаunja pasBoja мабарске националне свести збила ce 1896. године током обележаваьа хиладугодишьице досеъавата Mabapa на просторе Панонске низи)е. Обележаватье милени)ума захватило je све сфере ъудског деловава, a CMABIEBY истори)е биле су подрейене не само делатности из области културно-уметничког стваралаштва Beh и технолошко-индустри)ски проналасци (SISA 2016: 776-826). Хиъадугодишьыи )убиле] за Mabape je био повод да ce сагледа, проучи и представи целокупан HUXOB национални живот, ко)и започиъье доселъаватем мабарских племена краем IX века, a кулминира савременим тренутком. Милени)умским свечаностима, одржаваним током читаве 1896. године, требало je заокружити jefjaH циклични процес и на/авити националну будубност (SINKO 1993: 132-147), y Kojoj je важна улога припала репрезентаци)и новоприпо)ених области Босне и Херцеговине Koje Cy перципиране Kao важан политички успех и зама)ац аустроугарске, али и мабарске импери)алне будубности (BosNa 1 HERCEGOVINA NA MILENIJSKOJ IZLOZBI U BUDIMPESTI GODINE 1896 1896: 1-12). Милени)умска изложба била je окосница читаве Милени)умске прославе, a била je отворена од почетка Maja до почетка новембра 1896. године. НББено организоваье je започело четири године рани)е yBobemem y државно законодавство, a учешбе свих административних )единица било je обавезно (МиловАнови·® 2023: 112-114).
Journal Article
The Birth of Orientalism
Modern Orientalism is not a brainchild of nineteenth-century European imperialists and colonialists, but, as Urs App demonstrates, was born in the eighteenth century after a very long gestation period defined less by economic or political motives than by religious ideology.
Based on sources from a dozen languages, many unavailable in English,The Birth of Orientalismpresents a completely new picture of this protracted genesis, its underlying dynamics, and the Western discovery of Asian religions from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century. App documents the immense influence of Japan and China and describes how the Near Eastern cradle of civilization moved toward mother India. Moreover, he shows that some of India's purportedly oldest texts were products of eighteenth-century European authors.
Though Western engagement with non-Abrahamic Asian religions reaches back to antiquity and can without exaggeration be called the largest-scale religiocultural encounter in history, it has so far received surprisingly little attention-which is why some of its major features and their role in the birth of modern Orientalism are described here for the first time. The study of Asian documents had a profound impact on Europe's intellectual makeup. Suddenly the Bible had much older competitors from China and India, Sanskrit threatened to replace Hebrew as the world's oldest language, and Judeo-Christianity appeared as a local phenomenon on a dramatically expanded, worldwide canvas of religions and mythologies. Orientalists were called upon as arbiters in a clash that involved neither gold and spices nor colonialism and imperialism but, rather, such fundamental questions as where we come from and who we are: questions of identity that demanded new answers as biblical authority dramatically waned.
eBook
Transorientalism in art, fashion, and film : inventions of identity
Combining transnationalism and exoticism, transorientalism is the new orientalism of the age of globalization. With its roots in earlier times, it is a term that emphasizes alteration, mutation, and exchange between cultures. While the familiar orientalisms persist, transorientalism is a term that covers notions like the adoption of a hat from a different country for Turkish nationalist dress, the fact that an Italian could be one of the most influential directors in recent Chinese cinema, that Muslim women artists explore Islamic womanhood in non-Islamic countries, that artists can embrace both indigenous and non-indigenous identity at the same time. This much-needed book offers a refreshing, informed, and incisive account of a paradigm shift in the ways in which identity and otherness is moulded, perceived, and portrayed.
Book
The curious case of the camel in modern Japan : (de)colonialism, orientalism, and imagining Asia
In The Curious Case of the Camel in Modern Japan, Ayelet Zohar addresses issues of Orientalism, colonialism, and exoticism in modern Japan, through images of camels - the epitome of Otherness, and a metonymy for Asia in the Japanese imagination.
eBook
Imagining the East Indies in early modern English literature, 1590-1660 : faith, trade, power and the metropole
This thesis explores English literary engagement with the East Indies in the decades surrounding the foundation of the East India Company in 1600. It is well-established that the political and economic exchange between East and West facilitated England's development; this thesis contends that there was a critical, yet critically-neglected literary dimension to this Anglo-Asian relationship too. To date, there exists no study on how English writers, working across a variety of genres, engaged with South and Southeast Asia in this formative period. This thesis bridges this gap, contending that long before England acquired colonies in the East, England was already developing a metropolitan relationship with South and Southeast Asia, as writers shaped their imaginative visions of the East Indies in order to intervene in issues that mattered to England internally and internationally. By illustrating how a range of individuals were creatively invested in Asia, I complicate scholarly assumptions about the gender and class divisions that are believed to typify early modern cross-cultural encounters; by illuminating how authors did not view their Eastern tales as being exclusively about the East, I demonstrate the need to recalibrate the interpretive approaches to early modern Asian fictions that have gained currency following the publication of Edward Said's Orientalism (1978). Each of the four chapters concentrates on a specific discursive phenomenon: Chapter One interrogates how late-Elizabethan writers archaised Asia, Chapter Two explores how Jacobean authors re-mapped the spiritual geography of Islamic Indonesia, Chapter Three interrogates how Henrietta Maria's court masques drew inspiration from India's Hindu culture and international commerce and Chapter Four traces how authors in the English Commonwealth perceived the prospect of an Eastern commercial empire. Taken together, these explorations of how Asia enabled English writers to negotiate issues regarding faith, trade and power extend our understanding of the pre-history of Orientalism and the 'Global Renaissance'.
Dissertation