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Developing outdoor campus space for teaching and learning: a scoping review of the literature
Educators have used outdoor space to support learning throughout history. Over the past several years, the COVID-19 pandemic has compelled institutions of higher education to make innovations toward planning and constructing outdoor learning spaces on campus as a necessary measure for promoting student health and safety. This scoping literature review explores the landscape of research on use of campus space developed for outdoor learning in higher education around the world. In this review, we synthesize relevant research based on descriptive characteristics, research interests, supporting theories and frameworks, technology use, and learning outcomes. Our search uncovered a range of developed (i.e., constructed) outdoor space design guidelines, outdoor learning activities, and theoretical frameworks that expand our understanding of outdoor spatial use on college and university campuses. This scoping review offers qualitative and descriptive quantitative findings and offers practical implications for higher education stakeholders as they explore possibilities for developing outdoor space on their campuses for teaching and learning.
Journal Article
Benefits of Outdoor Sports for Society. A Systematic Literature Review and Reflections on Evidence
The combination of physical activity and being in nature is recognized as providing a range of significant benefits. The objective of this literature review was to compile an overview of the social benefits and costs associated with outdoor sports within the academic literature and to reflect on the quality of underlying evidence that supports the relationship. A systematic review was carried out with seven partners from different European countries, including Bulgaria, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. From a total of 17,560 studies identified, 133 studies were selected with relevant data extracted to standardized forms. The selected studies have been analyzed with qualitative research methods. A meta-analysis could not be conducted due to the heterogeneity of the study designs and outcome measures. As a result, the review gives an overview of the social impacts associated with outdoor sports which have been clustered to six broad categories: physical health, mental health and wellbeing, education and lifelong learning, active citizenship, crime reduction, and anti-social behavior, as well as additional benefits. The review furthermore revealed gaps in the evidence base which are especially notable in the long-term effects that outdoor sports can have on personal and social development.
Journal Article
28. The impact of the combination of intangible culture and outdoor activities on the happiness of public life from the perspective of image dissemination
Abstract
Background
The concept of mass life happiness involves multiple disciplines such as psychology, sociology, economics, etc. It is usually used to measure people's subjective satisfaction and happiness with their quality of life. Leisure and entertainment activities have a significant positive impact on enhancing the happiness of the general public's lives. However, there are problems with social barriers and poor content quality in current entertainment and leisure activities, which restrict the improvement of people's sense of happiness in life. Therefore, in order to enhance the public's sense of happiness in life, research has designed a leisure mode that combines intangible culture with outdoor activities from the perspective of image dissemination.
Methods
Select 300 volunteers and randomly divide them into an experimental group and a control group, with 150 people in each group. The control group engages in regular outdoor activities for leisure, while the experimental group adopts a leisure approach that combines intangible culture with outdoor activities. Use the General Well Being Schedule (GWB) to assess the well-being of volunteers.
Results
The GWB scores of each group after intervention are shown in Table 1. There was no statistically significant difference in GWB scores between the two groups of volunteers before intervention (p>.05), indicating comparability between the groups. According to Table 1, in terms of health concerns, the scores of the experimental group and the control group were -2.4 ± 1.75 and -1.4 ± 2.16, respectively (p<.05). The scores of satisfaction and interest in life for the two groups were -4.25 ± 1.18 and -5.34 ± 1.69, respectively (p<.05); The scores for depression or happiness in both groups were 21.5 ± 3.18 and 22.3 ± 3.47, respectively (p<.05). The above results indicate that the proposed method can effectively enhance the general public's sense of life happiness.
Discussion
The study verified through comparative experiments that the combination of intangible culture and outdoor activities in leisure activities from the perspective of image dissemination has a positive effect on enhancing people's sense of happiness in life. After intervention, the GWB scores of the experimental group in multiple core dimensions such as health concerns, life satisfaction, and emotional control were significantly better than those of the control group (p<.05), especially in alleviating health anxiety and enhancing interest in life. However, due to the limited sample size, we will consider expanding the sample range and extending the intervention period in the future to further verify the long-term effectiveness and universality of this model.
Funding
No. 2022HZ1687.
Journal Article
Building the perfect fire : with or without matches in any weather
\"Don't get left out in the cold! A definitive guide to the essential skill of setting, lighting, and maintaining a blaze both indoors and out. This go-to-guide for turning wood into heat, including starting a fire with everything from flints to forearms in any type of weather; tinders easily found in nature; identifying and gathering the best kindling and types of wood; efficient splitting and stacking configurations for different needs, such as cooking; and how to safely put out a blaze. Not just for survival, Building the Perfect Fire will also discuss using wood to create a welcoming fire, such as the crackling from birch wood or the colorful flames from an old apple tree.\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
Factors associated with insufficient outdoor play and physical activity participation among Chinese children aged 6–10 years: evidence from a two-wave survey
Purpose
This study investigated the risk factors associated with insufficient engagement of Chinese early school-aged children in outdoor activities, including play and physical activities.
Methods
Data were gathered from two waves of parent-proxy surveys. The analysis involved 1612 children (46.15% girls; mean age = 7.83 years) who had participated in outdoor activities. Responses were analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations to identify relevant correlates impacting children’s outdoor play or outdoor physical activities. Children were assessed on their outdoor activities’ levels, and variables were analyzed for their impact on these levels.
Results
Maternal outdoor activity (< 1 h/day) and less clear requirements for outdoor activity are correlated with children’s outdoor play time (< 2 h/day) (
p
< 0.05). The number of outdoor playfields was also significantly associated with insufficient outdoor play, particularly on weekends (
p
< 0.05). For outdoor physical activities (< 1 h/day), the male gender of the child was a protective factor (OR = 0.33,
p
< 0.001), while paternal outdoor activity time (< 1 h/day) and unclear outdoor activity requirements were risk factors (
p
< 0.01).
Conclusions
The risk factors of insufficient engagement of Chinese early school-aged children in outdoor pursuits included the lack of time parents spend on outdoor activities, their unclear requirements, and the limited availability of outdoor spaces. Specifically, mothers’ outdoor activities time is linked to children’s outdoor play, while the male gender of the child and fathers’ outdoor activities are associated with children’s outdoor physical activities participation.
Journal Article
Wild : adventure cookbook
Shot at over 17 locations along Australia's east coast, 'Wild' takes the reader outdoors as Sarah Glover shares a new way to see the world around us: as our very own kitchen, a place to surround ourselves with family and friends. From Tasmania's Satellite Island to Byron Bay, Glover has travelled the coasts of Australia to create dishes from beautiful Australian produce - all of which is available right at our fingertips. She shows us how to zoom in and see opportunity in every moment, and to embrace life, food and community.
Book
Children’s experiences outdoors: Education and community contexts
Children’s right to play is enshrined in Article 31 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 1990). The early childhood period is a time when children’s values and dispositions towards outdoor play and environments are formed. Children have an intrinsic drive and natural curiosity to explore the world around them and outdoor environments are a key context for this exploration. Outdoor play and learning provide significant benefits for all aspects of children’s development - physical, cognitive, social and emotional (Brussoni et al., 2015).
Journal Article