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Cool crafts with cardboard
Toilet paper tubes, tissue boxes, and sheets of cardboard are sturdy beginnings for many craft projects to help pass a rainy afternoon. They can become decorations, gifts, or simply more exciting boxes! Readers follow step-by-step instructions to create amazing crafts using cardboard that s otherwise headed for the curb. The simple language allows readers of all ages to enjoy the many crafts in this book, but also provides places for the most artistic readers to show off their individual imaginations through extra color, detail, and more.
Book
Properties of Un-Torrefied and Torrefied Poplar Plywood
In a context where there is an increasing need for thermal treatments of wooden products, the current research contributes a description of the torrefaction treatment of two of the composite wood materials available on the international market. The present paper presents the importance of the torrefaction process for poplar plywood and medium-density fiberboard. In this paper, the positive aspects of the torrefaction process (decrease in water absorption, thickness swelling and shrinkage, and color) but also the negative aspects of mechanical resistance to static bending are presented. Poplar plywood (PW) and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) panels, with the initial dimensions of 2000 × 1250 mm, were used. From these, 300 × 300 mm samples were cut and torrefied using two different temperatures (170 and 190 °C) and two different periods (for 1 and 2 h). After the treatment, the samples were cut in different sizes (as necessary for each type of evaluation method) from different zones of the panels and used to evaluate the water absorption and thickness swelling, to determine their modulus of rupture, roughness, and color changes. The obtained results emphasize that the mass loses increase at high temperature as the main disadvantageous characteristics of torrefaction. Also, while the calorific power increases with the increase in the parameters of the torrefaction regime, the hygroscopicity and some mechanical properties of the material simultaneously decrease.
Journal Article
The packaging designer's book of patterns
\"Packaging design is increasingly integral to product development activities and is among the earliest considerations of product designers and brand managers. Packaging design involves the design of the physical shape of the package, the graphic design on that package, and the integration of the packaging process into the production process\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Approaching Self-Bonded Medium Density Fiberboards Made by Mixing Steam Exploded IArundo donax/I L. and Wood Fibers: A Comparison with pMDI-Bonded Fiberboards on the Primary Properties of the Boards
This study presents an unexplored method to produce formaldehyde-free MDF. Steam exploded Arundo donax L. (STEX-AD) and untreated wood fibers (WF) were mixed at different mixing rates (0/100, 50/50, and 100/0, respectively) and two series of boards were manufactured, with 4 wt% of pMDI, based on dry fibers, and self-bonded. The mechanical and physical performance of the boards was analyzed as a function of the adhesive content and the density. The mechanical performance and dimensional stability were determined by following European standards. The material formulation and the density of the boards had a significant effect on both mechanical and physical properties. The boards made solely of STEX-AD were comparable to those made with pMDI, while the panels made of WF without adhesive were those that performed the worst. The STEX-AD showed the ability to reduce the TS for both pMDI-bonded and self-bonded boards, although leading to a high WA and a higher short-term absorption for the latter. The results presented show the feasibility of using STEX-AD in the manufacturing of self-bonded MDF and the improvement of dimensional stability. Nonetheless, further studies are needed especially to address the enhancement of the internal bond (IB).
Journal Article
