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This article investigates the variation of aerodynamic loads on wing load measurement profiles during aircraft stall tests and proposes a method for determining the initial stall position and stall time along the wing’s span. By analyzing the aerodynamic load separation state on the wing before the stall, the method helps identify the onset of the stall. The research findings reveal that airflow separation occurs first at the wingtip, followed by the root region. The measured flight load data can predict the aircraft’s behavior during stall tests and provide test pilots with valuable insights to take preventive measures in advance.

Background Harm reduction workers (HRWs), while fighting the overdose crisis, are exposed to lifetime occupational stress and trauma, which in turn are associated with the long-term work and social functioning of this key sector. There is a critical gap in research on the occupational health of HRWs. The aim of this study was to adapt and pilot Stress First Aid (SFA), a peer-to-peer occupational stress intervention, for HRWs. Methods The adapted SFA/HRW model was a 2-hour, in-person training followed by four, 30-minute, monthly learning collaboratives piloted in a non-profit recovery community organization. A convenience sample of workers and organizational leaders ( N  = 35) was recruited from the pilot site. Participants completed surveys assessing knowledge, confidence, beliefs, and use of SFA and preliminary well-being outcomes at baseline, 2-months, and 4-months after the training. Participants also completed a preliminary implementation outcomes survey, and randomly selected participants ( n  = 13) completed 30-minute virtual implementation interviews of the SFA model. Quantitative analyses included descriptive statistics, paired tests between timepoints, and Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate changes over time and assess intervention effects with uncertainty quantification. Qualitative data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Results Results indicated a positive effect on knowledge (β = 0.87, 95% CrI, 0.56–1.17), confidence (β = 0.84, 95% CrI, 0.52–1.16), and beliefs (β = 0.29, 95% CrI, 0.11–0.48) in SFA with increased use of SFA (β = 0.91, 95% CrI, 0.39–1.44) and observation of others using SFA (β = 0.69, 95% CrI, 0.17–1.21). There was a positive effect on overall work engagement (β = 0.27, 95% CrI, 0.02–0.51). Results also indicate > 80% acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of SFA/HRW, with participants qualitatively reporting SFA aligned with their work and that SFA would be a valuable supplement to their pre-existing coping strategies. Conclusions There was an increase in observed practices of SFA and stability in well-being, coping, secondary traumatic stress, burnout, and turnover intention. Additionally, participants reported a significant increase in work engagement. SFA is highly acceptable, appropriate, and feasible among HRWs. The next steps are to test the effects of SFA/HRW against a control group in a randomized controlled trial. Trial registration The study NCT07149155 is registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07149155 .

The remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil and groundwater is a challenging task. The petroleum hydrocarbons have a long persistence in both the vadose zone and in the aquifer and potentially represent secondary and residual sources of contamination. This is particularly evident in the presence of residual free-phase. Pump-and-treat is the most common hydrocarbon decontamination strategy. Besides, it acts primarily on the water dissolved phase and reduces concentrations of contaminants to an asymptotic trend. This study presents a case of enhanced light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) remediation monitored using noninvasive techniques. A pilot-scale field experiment was conducted through the injection of reagents into the subsoil to stimulate the desorption and the oxidation of residual hydrocarbons. Geophysical and groundwater monitoring during pilot testing controlled the effectiveness of the intervention, both in terms of product diffusion capacity and in terms of effective reduction of pollutant concentrations. In particular, non-invasive monitoring of the reagent migration and its capability to reach the target areas is a major add-on to the remediation technique. Most of the organic contaminants were decomposed, mobilized, and subsequently removed using physical recovery techniques. A considerable mass of contaminant was recovered resulting in the reduction of concentrations in the intervention areas.

Within the European project LIQUEFACT some activities have been devoted to the experimental verification of the effectiveness of two techniques in the mitigation of soil liquefaction susceptibility: induced partial saturation (IPS) and horizontal drains. After a preliminary check of their efficiency via centrifuge tests, the two techniques have been studied by means of some large scale shaking tests carried out in a field trial located in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy). A preliminary extensive in situ and laboratory investigation was necessary to identify the shallow liquefiable soil layer in which the mitigation techniques and the monitoring instrumentations (pore pressure transducers and geophones) had to be installed. Both techniques required the installation of horizontal well screens via a directional controlled drilling technique: the pipes were used as drainage systems (linear HDL and rhomboidal configurations HDR) or for the air injection in the area treated with IPS technique. The in situ experimental evidences showed that both techniques are able to avoid liquefaction triggering, that on the contrary was attained during the tests in the untreated testing area. The processing of in situ data highlighted that the efficiency of the two techniques is strictly related to chosen arrangement of the horizontal drains and the induced degree of saturation.

In this paper, the effect of temperature on the extraction efficiency of oil and grease from anaerobically fermented kitchen waste was investigated through the analysis of pilot tests. Based on the results of multifactorial experiments, factors such as solid-liquid ratio and extraction time that affect oil and grease extraction were conditioned by combining the principle of response surface optimization experimental design. The optimal conditions for anaerobic fermentation for extracting kitchen waste oil and grease were obtained through response surface optimization experiments. Using the microwave-assisted solvent method, the effects of solvent type, extraction method, microwave power, temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio on the oil and fat yield were investigated, and the experimental model was obtained by using the response surface. It was found that the extraction time (50 min), extraction temperature (110 ℃~130 ℃), and solid-liquid ratio (1:15 (mL/g)) had a greater effect on the oil yield. The experimental values basically coincided with the predicted values of the model, indicating that the model is real and reliable and can well predict the extraction efficiency of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation on kitchen waste oil and grease.

This work evaluates the accuracy and reliability of PIO test classification using the PIO Rating Scale and proposes using an automatic tool for this evaluation based on test data to eliminate the subjectivity inherent to the application of rating scales. Two test procedures (discrete synthetic task and pitch capture) are executed in a flight simulator, using aircraft dynamic models with different PIO proneness and experienced flight test pilots. The results show a significant effect of subjectivity in pilot rating and various reliability for different test procedures. This data is used to build an artificial neural network (ANN) proposed to classify the executions using the PIO Rating Scale. The ANN presented low computational cost and 97.1% accuracy when using data extracted from the pitch capture test procedure.

The research reported in this paper is aimed at the development of a metric to quantify and predict the extent of pilot control compensation required to fly a wide range of mission task elements. To do this, the utility of a range of time- and frequency-domain measures to examine pilot control activity whilst flying hover/low-speed and forward flight tasks are explored. The tasks were performed by two test pilots using both the National Research Council (Canada)’s Bell 412 Advanced Systems Research Aircraft and the University of Liverpool’s HELIFLIGHT-R simulator. Handling qualities ratings were awarded for each of the tasks and compared with a newly developed weighted adaptive control compensation metric based on discrete pilot inputs, showing good correlation. Moreover, in combination with a time-varying frequency-domain exposure, the proposed metric is shown to be useful for understanding the relationship between the pilot’s subjective assessment, measured control activity and task performance. By collating the results from the subjective and objective metrics for a range of different mission task elements, compensation boundaries are proposed to predict and verify the subjective assessments from the Cooper-Harper Handling Qualities Rating scale.

The emergence of digital mobility services holds great promise for enhancing efficiency, convenience, and accessibility for passengers. However, these benefits are predominantly accessible to those proficient in utilizing these technologies, which may intensify the disparity in transportation usage. This paper presents plans to alleviate the digital divide in the mobility sector. First, two fundamental approaches were established through a literature review: (1) app usage education and (2) an AI-based Mobility Service App. To substantiate the effectiveness of these approaches, a pilot test was conducted in Seoul. The results of the pilot test showed that the AI-based Mobility Service App was effective for reducing travel time and enhancing the convenience of passage. Accordingly, the Technology Acceptance Model was adopted to derive technology acceptance factors of the AI-based Mobility Service App. Finally, a phased approach with short-term, medium-term, and long-term plans was proposed based on the analysis results to ensure sustainable policies in the mobility sector.

La falta de acceso a servicios energéticos básicos constituye un elemento central en la generación de una situación de pobreza energética. Se propone una prueba piloto, basada en la instalación de colectores solares para proveer agua caliente sanitaria sobre un grupo de hogares con múltiples privaciones en un barrio vulnerable de Bahía Blanca (Argentina). Se destacan el empleo de una metodología novedosa, el diseño experimental y los beneficios de aplicar pruebas piloto. Se concluye sobre la relevancia de incorporar la gobernanza local en el diseño de políticas y la ventaja de las energías renovables para la reducción de pobreza energética.