Explore the vast range of titles available.

In the era of latest technologies, wireless sensor network (WSN) is becoming more popular in many applications: e-health, e-commerce, banking, farming and many others. However, WSNs have limitations in the sense of processing power, life time and data gathering. Among the above said issues, energy efficiency is the main hindrance of WSN deployment. Different data gathering schemes such as low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and power efficient gathering in sensor information systems (PEGASIS) have been proposed. However, LEACH and PEGASIS do not provide optimal results for the energy consumption problem and are not feasible to implement. In this research paper, energy efficiency in terms of data gathering in WSN is presented. In this research work, a combined flavor of particle swarm optimization (PSO) with simulated annealing (SA) is given. A novel algorithm is proposed in which best chain formation procedure is adopted. Using the proposed algorithm, a balance energy utilization occurred between nodes, which results in increasing the network performance. Simulation results are obtained and compared with other schemes, which shows better performance as compared to LEACH and PEGASIS.

Preserving energy of sensor node in wireless sensor network is an effort to prolong the lifetime of network. Energy of sensor node is very crucial because battery powered and irreplaceable. Energy conservation of sensor node is an effort to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resource for network lifetime. It can be achieved through efficient energy usage by reducing consumption of energy or decrease energy usage while achieving a similar outcome. In this paper, the authors propose power layer energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network, named PLRP, which use power control and multi-hop routing protocol to control overhead of sensor node and create clustering to distribute energy dissipation and increase energy efficiency of all sensor node. The main idea of PLRP is the use of power control, which divide sensor node into group by base station uses layer of energy and maximize the computation energy in base station to reduce computational energy in sensor node for conservation of network lifetime. The performance of PLRP compared to BCDCP and BIDRP based of hierarchical routing protocol. The simulation results show that PLRP achieve 25% and 30% of improvement on network lifetime.