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In this paper, the author revisits the problem of 'premature ego development' first introduced by Melanie Klein in 1930. She also highlights several developments in post-Kleinian thinking since the publication of that paper, which can be seen as offshoots of or complements to Klein's work. The author proposes a link between this category of precocious development and the absence of the experience of what Bion termed the 'containing object.' She puts forward several technical considerations relevant to analytic work with patients who suffer as a result of early developmental failures and presents various clinical vignettes in order to demonstrate the ways in which these considerations take shape in the analytic setting.

Today, in my view, we can on the basis of the psychohistorical research understand the dynamic line of historical processes, and in particular the process of the development of our modern way of viewing the world. I try to describe in this development by bringing together European and American psychohistorical research. A deeper understanding of the psychic and social dimensions of historical development can be a resource for political action. In the global world it is important to both manage the mutual dealings between diverse cultural regions and support constructive interactions. This is only possible when the internal dynamics and the individual characteristics of the cultural developments in the regions can be taken into account. At the present stage of discussion, which talks of a \"clash of cultures\" and ultimately ends in military intervention, it is blatantly obvious that every potential for understanding and dealing relevantly with each other, should be exploited as provided for by the contributions of psychohistory.

[...]the primary protection and total care of the parents who replace the security of the prenatal world is important for its survival. Because the human infant cannot cling to its mother as it is too weak and she possesses no fur, it has to achieve and secure its place through relationship and it does this with eye contact, mimic, gesture and vocal pleas (Morgan 1995). The matrix of prenatal and perinatal experiences is projected onto the world as a result of the \"physiological premature birth\" and by this the real world is interpreted as a state of \"being at home\" provided by a superior maternal being. Because the in reality still prenatal infant cannot bear the external world it accepts the after birth mother emotionally at the same time as the pre-birth mother. [...]an emotional horizon of senses is created which has to be continually reconnected with reality an elementary challenge for the ego's integrative ability for intelligence and creativity One can even conjecture that the origins of the incredible growth of the brain capacity of Homo sapiens lie in the need for this complex achievement of integration. THE PROCESSING OF EARLY EXPERIENCE IN MYTHOLOGY A concrete example of mythological processing of early experience is said to be the tree: the tree is in many ways important for the primate being in us-we find shelter under it or in its branches, the leaves and fruit can also be nourishing and so on; the tree is over and above this important and \"sacred\" as the \"perceived\" return of the lost placenta or the umbilical cord for the being of premature birth in us, that is searching for its too early lost \"being at home.\"

From his initial contact with Freud in 1908, until his premature death in 1933, Ferenczi's once luminous presence became obscured for decades; to the point that his portrait was missing in the gallery of presidents of the International Psychoanalytical Association and was only restored there during the presidency of Dr. Horacio Etchegoyen (1993-1997). What is in circulation in the analytic situation; the temperature of the transference-countertransference interaction; mutual analysis and the issue of symmetry-asymmetry in the analytic relationship; the denial of countertransference and its effects on analysis; as well as its relation to trauma; the difficulty of differentiating countertransference as such from the analyst's transferences; and the different sources these transferences may have; and finally, analytic receptivity versus the narcissism of the analyst who is facing the emergence of the archaic communication, proceeding from the non-repressed levels of the Unconscious, which has been de-symbolized by trauma and the fragmentation of the Ego.