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Empowering students as self-directed learners of qualitative research methods : transformational practices for instructors and students
\"Qualitative research instructors seek information to help students actively engage in qualitative inquiry. They desire to learn about innovative, constructivist approaches that connect and empower students as a community of learners. Empowering Students as Self-Directed Learners of Qualitative Research Methods meets these needs with practices and approaches instructors may use to position students as active, empowered, self-directed learners who learn to do qualitative research by doing qualitative research. Students will find this book useful because it includes authentic student work, student reflections, factual classroom scenarios depicting professors guiding students as they devise research questions and determine the qualitative genre to best answer those questions as well as a chapter that includes a checklist to help students plan, revise, and edit the academic writing critical for communicating qualitative research. The book blends the thoughts of international scholars with the voices of students of qualitative research methods who participated in the transformative practices described in the book. The collective ideas meet the instructional, cultural, and psychological needs of diverse learners, including students from various disciplines, exceptionally able students, those with creative and artistic aptitudes, those from marginalized populations, English language learners, and those who struggle to master qualitative research methods\"-- Provided by publisher.
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Structural and socio-cultural barriers to accessing mental healthcare among Syrian refugees and asylum seekers in Switzerland
Background: Due to their experiences of major stressful life events, including post-displacement stressors, refugees and asylum seekers are vulnerable to developing mental health problems. Yet, despite the availability of specialized mental health services in Western European host countries, refugees and asylum seekers display low mental healthcare utilization.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore structural and socio-cultural barriers to accessing mental healthcare among Syrian refugees and asylum seekers in Switzerland.
Method: In this qualitative study, key-informant (KI) interviews with Syrian refugees and asylum seekers, Swiss healthcare providers and other stakeholders (e.g. refugee coordinators or leaders) were conducted in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, and then analysed using thematic analysis, combining deductive and inductive coding.
Results: Findings show that Syrian refugees and asylum seekers face multiple structural and socio-cultural barriers, with socio-cultural barriers being perceived as more pronounced. Syrian key informants, healthcare providers, and other stakeholders identified language, gatekeeper-associated problems, lack of resources, lack of awareness, fear of stigma and a mismatch between the local health system and perceived needs of Syrian refugees and asylum seekers as key barriers to accessing care.
Conclusions: The results show that for Syrian refugees and asylum seekers in Switzerland several barriers exist. This is in line with previous findings. A possible solution for the current situation might be to increase the agility of the service system in general and to improve the willingness to embrace innovative paths, rather than adapting mental healthcare services regarding single barriers and needs of a new target population.
Journal Article
Nurses' perception of ethical challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19: a qualitative analysis
Nurses face several challenges in providing care for patients with coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19). The study aimed to explain the nurses' perception of ethical challenges in this regard. The qualitative study was carried out using a content analysis method. Individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 nurses. Inductive content analysis was used to categorize the data. Nurses' narratives indicated that ethical challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19 included threats to professional values and the absence of a holistic COVID-19 care approach. The first category was subcategorized into the risk of declining quality of patient care and a stigmatized public image about COVID-19 care. The second category was divided into poor spiritual care, poor compassionate care, and lack of family-centered care. Health care managers must develop protocols for nurses that address these issues to alleviate the ethical challenges of COVID-19 care.
Journal Article
Implementation of the COVID-19 antiviral therapy Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (PaxlovidTM) across Canada in 2022: A qualitative analysis of key facilitating factors and challenges
The COVID-19 antiviral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (Paxlovid
, N/R) was approved for use in Canada in January 2022, with the Government of Canada assuming a procurement role and provinces, territories, and federal departments implementing usage within their respective healthcare systems. The objective of this analysis is to describe how N/R was implemented across various jurisdictions in the first six months after it was available for use and identify promising implementation practices.
Fourteen semi-structured discussions in small group settings were conducted with jurisdictional representatives involved in the implementation of N/R. A descriptive analysis of the eligibility criteria and service delivery model was conducted. A thematic analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and cluster analysis of the codes were then undertaken on NVivo 12 to identify key themes.
Overall, the eligibility criteria were similar across jurisdictions, and three types of service delivery models were identified. Ten main themes emerged as facilitators and eight as challenges to the implementation. Partnership, collaboration, communication and flexibility were among the facilitators identified, while the complexity of the intervention (e.g., drug-drug interactions), perceived evidence gaps in effectiveness by prescribers, and resource limitations were identified as key implementation challenges.
While there were jurisdictional variations in the implementation of N/R, communication and collaboration, and the availability of rapid testing for COVID-19 emerged as key facilitators. Drug-drug interactions, resource pressures and limited evidence were some of the key challenges. Overall, these facilitators and challenges were similar across jurisdictions and may help inform future therapeutic implementation plans for pandemic preparedness.
Journal Article
Patients' Experience Before Cardiac Surgery During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Background Cardiovascular diseases, with their high mortality rates, significantly impact patients' quality of life, contribute to disability, and impose a substantial financial burden on society. Aims and Objectives This study aimed to illuminate patients' experiences before undergoing cardiac surgery during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design This is a qualitative interview study. Methods A purposive sampling technique was employed, with participants recruited from Department Cardiovascular surgery and interviewed to explore their experiences. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted, and reporting adhered to the EQUATOR guideline: COREQ. Results The study identified numerous challenges faced by patients during the preoperative period. Consequently, two prominent themes emerged from the patients' experiences while awaiting cardiac surgery during the COVID‐19 pandemic: the feeling of loneliness and the feeling of losing oneself. Conclusions The psychological vulnerability of patients during the perioperative phase, intensified by circumstances such as a pandemic, can lead to emotional and behavioural instability, significantly impacting the patient negatively. Relevance to Clinical Practice Prioritising the patient's experience is crucial in fortifying presurgical care. Delving into the nuanced perspectives of patients fosters a comprehensive understanding that transcends conventional approaches. This research underscores the significance of giving prominence to the patient perspective, offering opportunities for healthcare professionals to elevate the standard of patient care. Recognising and addressing the challenges faced by patients awaiting cardiac surgery can contribute to a more holistic and patient‐centered approach in clinical practice. Patient or Public Contribution Patients contributed by sharing their experiences during interviews, providing first‐hand insights that are presented in the study results.
Journal Article
Identifying risks for overseas-born beachgoers and suggesting future preventative strategies: a qualitative study based on interviews with 20 lifesavers from Australian tourist beaches
Background: While Australia sees a high proportion of coastal drownings involving overseas-born beachgoers every year, it should not be forgotten that professional lifeguards and surf lifesavers carry out about 9000 rescues and 1800,000 preventative actions every year. Given these figures, lifeguards and surf lifesavers would be assumed to have ways of identifying overseas-born beachgoers who are not familiar with Australian beaches and to take special precautions in relation to them. Aim: This study aims to explore the ways by which surf lifesavers are able to identify overseas-born beachgoers who have no or little understanding of Australian beaches, and identify the surf lifesavers’ perceptions as to the effectiveness of currently available public beach safety signage, as well as educational messages communicated by the popular TV show, Bondi Rescue.
Method: One-on-one in-depth interviews were carried out with 20 lifesavers from three popular Australian tourist beaches –Bondi and Tamarama beaches in Sydney, and Glenelg beach in Adelaide. The semi-structured interviews were conducted using a fixed list of questions, and a code analysis was conducted employing the program NVivo 12 (version 12.70).
Results: Based on the interview data, surf lifesavers identified a number of characteristics that suggested a lack of familiarity with Australian beaches and differentiated overseas-born beachgoers from regular beachgoers, including wearing jeans near water, particular ways of approaching the water, and the use of inflatable toys. More than half of the lifesavers said that in general beachgoers were more likely to swim outside the flags, but some said that beachgoers stay between the flags because professional lifeguards and surf lifesavers enforce this regulation. Many lifesavers cast doubts on the effectiveness of public signage, and a majority singled out the popular TV show Bondi Rescue as a powerful tool for revealing the real dangers of Australian beaches. One interview, however, warned that Bondi Rescue might lead to them is understanding that “all” Australian beaches are patrolled and, therefore, “safe”.
Conclusion: It is important to address safety issues such as the fact that wearing heavy clothing and using inflatable toys can cause problems on Australian beaches with dangerous waves and rip currents. Effective ways of delivering safety messages to the public, especially to overseas-born beachgoers, still need to be developed.
Journal Article