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Readability and Reliability of Online Information Regarding Patellar Instability
BACKGROUND: Assessment of readability and reliability of online resources for orthopedic patients is an area of growing interest, but there is currently limited reporting on this topic for patellar instability (PI) and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). METHODS: Utilizing the Searchresponse.io dataset, we analyzed inquiries related to PI and MPFLR. Readability and reliability were assessed using the Automated Reading Index, Flesch Reading Ease, and the JAMA benchmark criteria. RESULTS: Analysis of 363 frequently asked questions from 130 unique websites revealed a predominant interest in fact-based information. Readability assessments indicated that the average grade level of the resources was significantly higher than the 6th grade level and reliability varied between resources. CONCLUSION: Although the internet is an easily accessible resource, we demonstrate that PI and MPFLR resources arc written at a significantly higher reading level than is recommended, and there is inconsistent reliability amongst resources with medical practice websites demonstrating the lowest reliability.
Journal Article
Readability : text and context
\"What makes a text readable? Although there are many studies concerned with readability from various perspectives, there have been no recent attempts to consider the field more generally, as an area of scholarly research as well as one that has practical significance. This book brings together the relevant literature and theories, and situates them within a unified account. Beginning with an historical treatment of the concept of readability and readability formulas, it goes on to discuss recent research on the subject from the perspectives of many fields, including psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, and text linguistics. The book will be invaluable to both scholars and practitioners who seek a single resource offering a comprehensive, principled discussion of the issues\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
1241 Are You Full? An Analysis of Online Patient Resources for Gastroparesis
INTRODUCTION:Gastroparesis, a syndrome of objectively delayed gastric emptying in the absence of obstruction, can be a frustrating motility disorder. Affected individuals often seek online information for self-education. Systematic analysis of internet-available information is important. This study evaluated the readability and quality of easily accessible online information on gastroparesis.METHODS:A Google search using the term “Gastroparesis” to obtain the first 100 websites was performed. Websites were excluded if they contained veterinarian or pediatric content, were duplicates or were inaccessible. Sites were categorized by intended audience: professional or consumer. The validated Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Calculation determined readability. The validated DISCERN questionnaire determined quality, with scores rated as Excellent >55, Good 36-55 or Poor <36. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's Exact Test with a P-value set at <0.05.RESULTS:89 websites were analyzed. 58 (65.2%) were written for consumers and 31 (34.8%) for medical professionals. 49 (55%) were created by academic institutions. The average Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was 11.4. 6 websites (6.75%) scored a Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level of 6 or below. The mean quality was Good (DISCERN score 52.6) with 39 Excellent (43.8%), 35 Good (39.3%) and 15 Poor (16.9%). Consumer sites included significantly more recommendations for diet modifications (86.2% vs 64.5%, P < 0.03) than medical professional sites, but excluded references (27.5% vs 80.6%, P < 0.0001). Regardless of consumer status, methods of diagnosis (63.3% vs 37.5%, P < 0.02), labs (63.3% vs 37.5%, P < 0.02) and gastric pacers (63.3% vs 37.5%, P < 0.02) were discussed significantly more on academic institution websites.CONCLUSION:This study revealed the variability in readability and quality of online resources for gastroparesis. The majority of websites targeted consumers, yet readability exceeded the NIH 6th grade reading level recommendation for medical information. In the era of widespread internet use for acquiring health information, it is important that quality online health information resources use patient-centered language to facilitate formed decision making.
Journal Article
MAHALLİ İDARELERİN TÜRK İDARE TARİHİ AÇISINDAN GELİŞİM SÜRECİ VE HİZMET SUNUM YÖNTEMLERİ
Mahalli idareler, mahalli hizmetlerin sunumunda önemli rolü olan kamu tüzel kişileridir. Mahalli hizmetlerin sunumunda halka en yakın idari birimler olmaları sebebiyle büyük önem arz etmektedirler. Merkezi yönetim tarafından yerine getirilen kamu hizmetlerinin de[LATIN LOWER CASE LETTER G WITH CARON]işmesi ve gelişmesi mahalli hizmetlere de etki etmektedir. Dolayısıyla mahalli idarelerin yerine getirmeleri gereken hizmetler de artış göstermektir. İşte bu sebeple mahalli idarelerin gelişim süreci ve gördükleri hizmetler incelemeye de[LATIN LOWER CASE LETTER G WITH CARON]er görülmüştür. Çalışmada, mahalli idarelerin mahalli hizmetlerin sunumundaki rolünü anlayabilmek için öncelikle mahalli idare kavramının içeri[LATIN LOWER CASE LETTER G WITH CARON]i açıklanacak, ardından Türk İdare Tarihi açısından gelişimine de[LATIN LOWER CASE LETTER G WITH CARON]inilecektir. Ardından mahalli hizmetlerin görünüşünde idarenin rolüne de[LATIN LOWER CASE LETTER G WITH CARON]inilecek, hizmet sunum yöntemleri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Journal Article
P132 A DEEPER LOOK INTO MEDICAL FOODS: WHERE IS THE BEST PATIENT-CENTERED INFORMATION?
Abstract
Background
An assortment of medical foods, formulated to be consumed or administered enterally under the supervision of a physician, have established roles in the management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) as adjunctive or stand-alone therapies. The internet is a common method patients use to look for health-related information. Our aim is to evaluate and assess the quality and readability of information about medical foods found on the internet.
Methods
Using Google search engine, we retrieved the first 100 websites using the search term \"Medical Foods and IBD.\" Information was categorized by academic (journal/abstract), commercial (products for sale), informational (leaflets) or personal (blogs). Information quality was evaluated using the DISCERN instrument. DISCERN scores were categorized as Excellent 63-75, Good 51-62, Fair 39-50, Poor 27-38, and Very Poor < 26. The readability was assessed using Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level calculation. We conducted a one-way ANOVA between website subcategories of DISCERN and readability level.
Results
A total of 25 websites were evaluated after the exclusion of inaccurate and duplicate websites. The average DISCERN score for all sites was in the poor category and every subcategory was also poor or fair (Table 1). The average Flesch-Kincaid grade level for all subcategories was at or above high-school level. There was no difference between DISCERN scores (P= 0.17) or readability levels (P=0.425) among website subcategories.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the overall quality of websites was poor and the reading level was above the American Medical Association's recommended sixth grade level. Contrary to expectation, academic websites were only of fair quality. Moreover, non-academic websites traditionally targeting patients were at or above high school reading level. Therefore both health consumers and providers lack access to high quality, easy to understand information regarding Medical Foods in IBD.
Journal Article