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In this study, a diary was developed and used by students to reflect on digital games in geography lessons. The students’ reflection results, through the use of the diary, were compared with reflections without instructional guidance. These results show a significant improvement in reflection through the use of the reflection diary compared to a previous study. Through the combination of lessons, play phases, and the reflection diary, a learning arrangement that enables in-depth reflections at different levels of reflection was created. The medium plays a decisive role by taking the pupils out of their role as players and enabling a critical distance to the game. With the help of the reflection diary, students should be able to better reflect on the game. The reflection diary is integrated into the lessons. It also shows that subject-specific lessons are indispensable for reflecting on the gaming experience in order to counteract subject-specific misconceptions.

Librarians at Oregon State University undertook a teaching competency project to lay the foundation for practices that improve teaching by adapting the core teaching proficiencies in the ACRL Standards for Proficiencies for Instruction Librarians and Coordinators. This article describes one model for locally adapting those proficiencies, the Oregon State University Libraries (OSUL) Framework for Teaching Excellence. This framework promotes reflection on, goal setting for, and professional development around teaching. The project team utilized a survey to determine the proficiency categories most valued by OSUL instruction librarians. The development and inclusion of context material for each proficiency category included in the OSUL Framework encourages use of the document in the intended way. Also included in the document are specific use guidelines for three stakeholder groups: library faculty with teaching responsibilities, supervisors, and faculty involved in the tenure process. Adapted from the source document.

Introduction: New students at the college have to adjust to the learning process in a way more independent, not dependent on the lecturer, and self-regulation in learning. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of competence SRLSN to increased achievement among undergraduate students in the fourth semester of nursing STIKES Pemkab Jombang.Methods: The design used is explanatory and quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group. The population in this study were 71 nursing students of 4th semester of the academic year 2012–2013. The sample used 60 students with simple random sampling. Data was collected using focus group discussions, observation and questionnaires, then analyzed using regression results.Results: The results showed that the correlation between SRLSN preparation phase and implementation phase of 0.976, the correlation between the phase and the implementation phase has a self-reflection of 0.374, the relationship between the phase of preparation and reflection phase of 0.576. There are significant differences between treatment and control groups on aspects of cognitive competence achievement, competence affective, and psychomotor competencies.Discussion: SRLSN models are systematically formed by the preparation, implementation and reflection phase. The application of the model SRLSN will enhance student learning in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor in achieving competence. Psychomotor competency has a value greater signi fi cance than other competencies. SRLSN models should be generalized to all learning processes, especially in nursing students.

PurposePolicy makers have called for more entrepreneurship throughout societies as a response to the digital transformation. This paper argues that the rapidly changing conditions of the digital age indeed mark a change in the bases of entrepreneurship. Specifically, as adaptivity becomes key, a learning capacity and general ability to adapt becomes a critical factor in entrepreneurial activity. The paper identifies self-directed learning (SDL) as a fundamental competence in this regard and examines its role for entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial competence.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops a theoretical framework for the role of SDL in entrepreneurship through a process of systematic review of previous studies that have linked SDL to entrepreneurship.FindingsThe formulated theoretical framework shows how SDL competence combines with experiential learning in supporting the kind of adaptivity needed for entrepreneurial competence, especially under more rapidly changing conditions. SDL competence also gains wider importance through enabling individuals to meet the demands of organizational changes in our highly volatile world.Practical implicationsSDL competence prepares individuals for entrepreneurship and resilience in face of rapid changes as well as for being more entrepreneurial in the conduct of their lives more generally. Fostering SDL competence can thus be regarded as an important objective of entrepreneurship education.Originality/valueThe described self-directed experiential learning cycle offers a novel perspective that clarifies how both self-directed and experiential learning competences are integral for understanding the basis of adaptiveness in entrepreneurial activity.

The present study introduces a multidimensional approach to describing the composition of reflections, addressing previous inconsistencies in operationalization. The multidimensional approach was empirically explored in comparison to unidimensional reflection quality measures and examined in relation to reflection-related dispositions. Given the challenges of promoting reflection in teachers’ daily practice, low-threshold interventions—repeated practice and structuring prompts—were investigated regarding their potential to foster reflective competence. Using an integrated model of reflection, five proposed dimensions—describing, evaluating, naming alternatives, justification, and self-reference—were identified and assessed alongside the quality measures reflection depth and breadth, and holistic grading. N = 29 teachers reflected verbally on two teaching videos, first openly and then with structuring prompts. The transcribed reflections underwent qualitative and evaluative content analysis to extract quantitative data. Compared to existing quality measures, the multidimensional approach provided deeper insights into the complexity of the reflections. The correlations between different approaches to reflection measurement and the reflection-related dispositions were only partially as expected. While repeated practice did not yield a training effect, structuring prompts improved reflection quality. Overall, the findings confirm the usefulness of the multidimensional approach as a valuable means to describe the composition of reflections and highlight its potential for quality measurement.

Empathy is extolled in Western healthcare and medical education as an exemplary quality to cultivate in trainees and providers. Yet it remains an elusive and inadequately understood attribute. It posits a “one size fits all” unidimensional attribute applicable across contexts with scant attention given to its multifaceted dimensions in intercultural contexts. In this article, we uncloak the shortcomings of this conventional empathy in intercultural settings, and instead propound an expanded “relational empathy”.

Globalization and internationalization have created a need for dialog among people of different persuasions in our own societies and beyond. Language teachers can meet this challenge through the concepts of intercultural citizenship and intercultural service learning, renewing emphasis on educational and humanistic aims as well as instrumental. Students in an advanced Spanish course volunteered in a school and a legal center, interacting one‐on‐one with unaccompanied minors and immigrants fleeing Central America. The evaluation focused on the impact on learners’ understanding of the society in which they live, and perceptions of their own language learning during their work as active citizens. Data from students' academic blogs and diaries were analyzed thematically. They show a heightened awareness of language competence, as students use their knowledge of Spanish in their voluntary work, and increased intercultural competence in students' reports on their critical evaluation of perspectives and practices in their own culture and those of others. The Challenge It is not enough for education to be seen as preparation for future life in society when learners are already members of their society. We present and illustrate a methodology that enables language educators to increase linguistic and intercultural proficiency whilst enabling learners to be active in their society in the present.

Background Direct bedside learning is recognized as essential for clinical skill development, yet its domain-specific effects on competency acquisition have not been fully elucidated. We examined how self‐reported time‐at‐bedside was associated with performance across four GM‐ITE competency domains. Methods We performed a nationwide multicenter, cross-sectional study of Japanese first- and second-year postgraduate resident physicians who took the General Medicine In-Training Examination (GM-ITE) in late 2022. Time-at-bedside was defined as the average self-reported time per day a resident spent providing direct care at the patients’ bedside and was stratified into six categories: C1 (10–20 min/day), C2 (30–50 min/day), C3 (60–80 min/day), C4 (90–110 min/day), C5 (120–140 min/day), and C6 (≥ 150 min/day). Data on time-at-bedside were collected through an electronic survey conducted immediately after the GM-ITE. A linear mixed-effects model was employed to examine the association between time-at-bedside and four GM-ITE competency-specific scores—medical interview and professionalism (MP), symptomatology and clinical reasoning (CR), physical examination and clinical procedures (PP), and disease knowledge (DK). Results Of 5,344 residents analyzed, more time-at-bedside showed only weak associations with MP and CR scores. In contrast, PP and DK scores increased in a dose–response pattern. Compared to C1, PP adjusted score differences were 0.3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.07 to 0.48) in C2, 0.5 (95% CI: 0.27 to 0.73) in C3, 0.6 (95% CI: 0.13 to 1.01) in C5. Similarly, DK adjusted score differences were 0.6 (95% CI: 0.23 to 0.94) in C2, 0.5 (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.96) in C3, and 0.6 (95% CI: 0.16 to 1.66) in C5. Conclusion In Japanese clinical residency, more time-at-bedside was associated with the acquisition of physical examination skills, clinical procedure skills, and disease knowledge. Future prospective longitudinal cohort studies are warranted to determine whether more time-at-bedside can accelerate these competencies.

Background The translational domain is a complex subfield of the biomedical life sciences focused on bridging the gap between scientific research and clinical application, with the ultimate goal of improving patient care through healthcare innovations. Professionals in this field, ranging from researchers to clinicians and industry experts, require specific core competencies. These include communication, collaboration, boundary crossing, innovation, and the ability to integrate diverse scientific domains. Methods We investigated the translational competencies acquired most by life science students who participated in a six-month challenge-based course at a Dutch graduate school. Seventeen students were part of the 2021 cohort, supervised by five biomedical experts serving as their clients. Quantitative and qualitative student survey data ( n  = 10), and semi-structured expert interview data ( n  = 4) were collected after completion of the course in 2021. Two existing translational competency frameworks were used to categorize and rank the acquired competencies, highlighting those most developed and relevant during the translational challenge-based course. Results Communication was the most listed competency category by both students and experts, and a new competency category was identified named Self-Development Tools, which included competencies related to decision-making, reflection, feedback, and creative thinking. Student data also showed that the course influenced their choice in pursuing a translational career path. Conclusions This study provides insight into key translational competencies acquired by students during a six-month challenge-based course and insight into competencies that may be part of their continued education after graduation from both student and expert perspectives. These findings are relevant for both educators and prospective employers in the translational domain as they apply a novel ranking to the existing literature on translational competencies and elaborate on how to prepare life sciences graduates towards a translational career.

Background Working in a culturally diverse environment entails a moral and professional responsibility to provide culturally competent care. This has been recognised as an important measure to reduce health inequalities, improve the quality of care and increase patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the level of cultural competence in nursing students a decade after the introduction of transcultural nursing content into the nursing curriculum in Slovenia. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design with 180 s-year nursing students as a convenience sample was used. Cultural competence was assessed using the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool (CCATool) via an online survey. IBM SPSS facilitated statistical analysis, using descriptive statistics and inferential methods, including the chi-square test. Non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H and Wilcoxon signed-rank) were used for non-normally distributed data (Shapiro-Wilk test, p < 0.05). The significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results The results indicate that students demonstrate a high level of cultural competence, although there is room for improvement in terms of cultural sensitivity, as determined by coding the CCATool. The results also show a remarkable contrast between their self-assessed scores and the objective scores obtained from CCATool coding of the statements in each subscale (p < 0.005). In addition, significant differences (p = 0.002) are found in subscale “Cultural Knowledge” particularly between students who have lived abroad for more than 6 months and those who have not. The latter group has a higher score in the CCATool, indicating greater cultural knowledge. Conclusions The study suggests that the presence of transcultural elements in the Slovenian nursing curriculum is associated with higher self-reported levels of cultural competence among nursing students, although the present research design does not allow for causal interpretations. This competence is of immense importance in preparing students for their future professional environment. However, it is crucial to further refine the nursing curriculum, especially through greater integration of transcultural content in all health disciplines. In addition, the introduction of innovative teaching and learning approaches can better prepare students to deal with the diverse cultural experiences they will encounter in their nursing careers.