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The field harvesting process of harvesting machinery is often affected by high workload and environmental factors that can impede/delay manual rowing, thereby leading to lower efficiency and quality in the residual film collector. To address this challenge, an automatic rowing control system using the 4mz-220d self-propelled residual film collector as the experimental carrier was proposed in this study. Cotton stalks in the ridges were chosen as the research object, and a comprehensive application of key technologies, machinery, and electronic control was used, thereby incorporating a pure tracking model as the path-tracking control method. To achieve the automatic rowing function during the field traveling process, the fuzzy control principle was implemented to adjust the forward distance within the pure tracking model dynamically, and the expected steering angle of the steering wheel was determined based on the kinematic model of the recovery machine. The MATLAB/Simulink software was utilized to simulate and analyze the proposed model, thus achieving significant improvements in the automation level of the residual film collector. The field harvesting tests showed that the average deviation of the manual rowing was 0.144 m, while the average deviation of the automatic rowing was 0.066 m. Moreover, the average lateral deviation of the automatic rowing was reduced by 0.078 m with a probability of deviation within 0.1 m of 95.71%. The research study demonstrated that the designed automatic rowing system exhibited high stability and robustness, thereby meeting the requirements of the autonomous rowing operations of residual film collectors. The results of this study can serve as a reference for future research on autonomous navigation technology in agriculture.

Residual films on the sowing layer produced after mulching in Xinjiang farmland, harm the sowing quality and root growth of crops. In this study, a sowing layer residual film recovery machine based on a radial plate arc-shaped nail-tooth roller structure was designed. Meanwhile, the key device structures were designed and the main working parameters were analyzed. Then, taking the working depth, the forward speed of the machine and the rotation speed of the nail tooth roller as the test factors, and the film collection rate and film intertwining rate as the test indicators, the single factor tests and the Box-Behnken response surface tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of the sowing layer residual film recovery machine. Consequently, the results showed that the order of significant factors was the working depth, the forward speed of the machine, and the rotation speed of the nail tooth roller. Besides, the optimal working parameters were determined, which the working depth, the forward speed of the machine, and the rotation speed of the nail tooth roller were 100 mm, 4.8 km/h, and 49.3 r/min, respectively. Moreover, the predicted value of the film collection rate was 69.20%. Finally, the verification test was taken with the optimal working parameter, and the results showed that the film collection rate was 66.84%, and the film intertwining rate was 1.39%. The relative error between the test value and the predicted value of the film collection rate was 3.40%. It indicated that the machine can perform the collection of sowing layer residual films. This study can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the design of new sowing layer residual film machines.

To address the negative impacts in recovering large areas of residual plastic film from corn stubble in the Hexi irrigation area—such as the residual film containing substantial amounts of soil, corn stubble, and corn straw, and high power consumption during the operation process—in this study, a combined operation machine was designed for corn straw crushing and residual film recovery. The machine consisted of a double-wing, single-blade shovel for lifting the film and cutting corn stubble, a corn straw-crushing and returning device for reducing the residual film impurity rate, an eccentric teeth shifting cylinder for picking up residual film, a device for shifting residual film, and a collection device for bundling residual film. The key components of the combined operation machine were designed based on an agronomic model for corn planting and the mechanized operation requirements in the Hexi irrigation area. The optimal combination of operating parameters was devised based on theoretical calculations and single- and multifactor simulation tests. The results showed that when the angle of entry of the film-lifting shovel was 25.14°, the rotational speed of the eccentric teeth shifting cylinder was 80.96 rpm, and the forward velocity of the machine was 4.03 km/h, while the rate of recovery of residual film was 92.56%. The field test showed that the residual film contained 16.65% impurities, and the qualified rate of corn straw crushing was 88.51%, with a relative error of 0.65% from the optimized value. The experimental results provide theoretical support and a design reference for research on the mechanized recycling of residual film in large areas of corn stubble.

The residual agricultural plastic film in China is not easily recovered due to the thinness and poor mechanical properties of domestic films, and a large amount of plastic film remaining in farmland soil poses a great threat to soil quality and crop production. A spring-tooth residual plastic film collector (SRPFC) is widely used in domestic residual plastic film (RPF) recycling operations. However, there are two major problems in the current SRPFC: the low recovery rate of the residual film (RRRF) caused by the difficulty of film-stripping and the high impurity rate in the film (IRF). In this paper, a stripping and impurity removal device (SIRD) is designed to address the existing problems of SRPFC, which is mainly composed of film-stripping tooth plates (FTP), two wind-collecting hoods, and two centrifugal fans. The motion and force analysis of the RPF in the film-stripping process was carried out, and the arc FTP was determined to be used for film-stripping. The size parameters of the FTP were obtained by establishing the coordinate system to solve the differential equation. By comparing and analyzing the force of RPF in the airflow field of the test bench for suspension speed and the airflow field of the wind-collecting hood, the RPF equivalent particle was established. The discrete phase model (DPM) in Fluent software was used to simulate the movement of the RPF equivalent particle, and the calculated air volume range of the centrifugal fan was 5501.88~6829.92 m3/h. The effects of forward speed, rotating speed of film conveying chain harrow (FCCH), and rotating speed of the centrifugal fan on RRRF and IRF were studied by orthogonal rotary combination experiment. The test results showed that the best combination of machine operation parameters was when the forward speed was 5 km/h, the rotating speed of the FCCH was 235 r/min, and the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan was 1978 r/min. Under these conditions, the RRRF was 92.53%, and the IRF was 9.31%. Field experiments were carried out with the rounded parameters, and the average RRRF was 92.07%, and the average IRF was 9.56% under the parameter combination, indicating that the optimization scheme of the device was feasible.

CRESST-II is a direct dark matter experiment that uses scintillating calorimeters to detect WIMP-induced nuclear scatter processes. Heat and light signals are read out with tungsten transition edge sensors (TESs) that are optimized toward their sensitivity to non-thermal phonons. The usage of superconducting thin film structures (e.g., aluminum) serving as phonon collectors to increase the collection area for this signal component is an approach to improve the sensitivity of the TES. The performance of the phonon collectors depends on the material properties and the quality achieved in the production process. We optimized the size of the phonon collectors for the given quality of CRESST-II light detectors. The diffusion lengths measured in this work are O (1 mm) and show a strong correlation to the Residual Resistivity Ratio of the respective films. First tests of CRESST-II light detectors with larger as well as thicker phonon collectors individually show improvements in the measured pulse height of 30 %.