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This is the first study that presents a supply chain (SC) resilience measure with the ripple effect considerations including both disruption and recovery stages. SCs have become more prone to disruptions due to their complexity and strategic outsourcing. While development of resilient SC designs is desirable and indeed critical to withstand the disruptions, exploiting the resilience capabilities to achieve the target performance outcomes through effective recovery is becoming increasingly important. More adversely, resilience assessment in multi-stage SCs is particularly challenged by consideration of disruption propagation and its associated impact known as the ripple effect. We theorize a new measure to quantify the resilience of the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) with a multi-stage assessment of suppliers’ proneness to disruptions and the SC exposure to the ripple effect. We examine and test the developed notion of SC resilience as a function of supplier vulnerability and recoverability using a Bayesian network and considering disruption propagation using a real-life case-study in car manufacturing. The findings suggest that our model can be of value for OEMs to identify the resilience level of their most important suppliers based on forming a quadrant plot in terms of supplier importance and resilience. Our approach can be used by managers to identify the disruption profiles in the supply base and associated SC performance degradation due to the ripple effect. Our method explicitly allows to uncover latent, high-risk suppliers to develop recommendations to control the ripple effect. Utilizing the outcomes of this research can support the design of resilient supply networks with a large number of suppliers: critical suppliers with low resilience can be identified and developed.

Satellite-based positioning navigation and timing (PNT) system is the most fundamental and convenient application system in PNT fields now and in the future, thus the satellite-based PNT service system should be more and more robust, reliable and easy to be applied. Aiming at the weak service performance of the existing BeiDou constellation in the Antarctic and Arctic regions and the possible discontinuous problems in the autonomous orbit determination using BeiDou terminals on board of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, we propose a scheme to optimize the BeiDou constellation configuration. A relatively optimized deep space PNT service constellation is designed in order to overcome the weak service capability of the BeiDou navigation constellation in deep space. We find that more satellites in the same orbital plane have better positioning geometry than increasing the number of constellation orbital planes. Furthermore, the idea of resilient satellite-based PNT service mode combining deep, high, medium, and low earth orbit navigation constellations is proposed, in order to improve the service capability of multi navigation constellations. To strengthen the satellite PNT service ability, the resilient strategies of on-board phased array antenna, on-board atomic clocks and satellite signal generator are proposed, in which the adaptively possible adjustment of signal power, signal frequency, signal modulation waveform and information format are discussed. Some examples to demonstrate the resilient satellite-based PNT application modes are given.

PurposeThis paper aims to develop a framework that could establish and further the terminology of smart city/resilient city discourse in that resilience could support urban “smartness”, a term that is widely argued being not easily measured nor quantifiably assessed.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative approach was employed, and based on selected keywords, a systematic literature review was carried out to understand the main themes within the smart city and resilient city concepts databases. Upon screening, 86 papers were used and synthesised through the meta-synthesis method using both synthesis approach, meta-aggregation and meta-ethnography that systematically identifies both properties and characteristics, to build an innovative framework as an indicator-based smart/resilience quantification model.FindingsTwo novel frameworks are proposed, smart resilient city (SRC) and resilient smart city (RSC), as guidelines regulatory that establish a city's smartness and resilience.Research limitations/implicationsThe quantitative research phase is not provided as the framework builds on the exploratory approach in which the model is proposed through the postulation of data definitions.Practical implicationsAlthough the study's scope was limited to the city, proposed frameworks may be interpreted for other contexts that deal with the topic of resilience and smart.Originality/valueThe established framework proposal would encourage further exploration in context, serving as an inspiration for other scholars, decision-makers, as well as municipalities to keep strengthening smart city through resilience factors.

Climate change poses significant challenges to agriculture, necessitating the adoption of climate-resilient technology. Rising global temperatures, a direct consequence of climate change, negatively impact agricultural productivity, threaten farmers’ livelihoods, and affect food availability. The studies suggest that this warming trend could lead to a 4.5-9% drop in crop yields, depending on how severe and widespread the temperature rise is. Since agriculture contributes approximately 17.4% to India’s GDP, this decline in production could cost the economy up to 1.5% of its GDP each year. Thus, adopting climate-resilient agricultural technologies has become crucial in the current agro-ecological context. However, various socio-personal, financial, and technological constraints hinder their adoption. With this background, the current study was undertaken using an ex-post facto research design to uncover and quantify the constraints faced by the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) farmers in the Jharsuguda district of Odisha, India. The study identified these constraints using the Rank-Based Quotient (RBQ) method and ranking. The findings revealed that the strongest socio-personal constraint was a preference for conventional practices (RBQ = 84.44%). The lack of credit or capital (RBQ = 89.44%) ranked the highest among financial constraints. Among the technological constraints is the difficulty in implementing climate-resilient technologies (RBQ = 87.78%). The Rank-Based Quotient (RBQ) method, supplemented by Kendall’s coefficient of concordance [W = 0.64, χ² (2) = 77.00, p < 0.001], indicated a strong consensus in the rankings. Data was collected from 60 NICRA farmers through structured interviews. The results highlight the need for targeted interventions, such as enhanced training, financial support, mechanization access, and timely input supply, to promote climate-resilient agriculture. Addressing these impediments will facilitate sustainable and adaptive farming systems in the region.

To objectively grasp the current situation and development trend of resilient cities or communities (RC) research. The articles in Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection databases from 1995 to 2022 were used as a sample, and bibliometrics was used to statistically analyze the year of publication and number of articles, highly cited documents and keyword hotness in this field. VOSviewer was used to explore the knowledge graph of RC research documents. The results show that: the development process is roughly divided into 3 periods: no attention (1995–2004), starting (2005–2014), and rapid growth (2015–2021). The journal “Sustainability” and “International journal of disaster risk reduction” are the key journals publishing RC research. Serre and Shaw are the most productive authors. The USA is still the leading country in this field of RC. Colorado State Univ, Texas a&m Univ, and Delft Univ Technol are the main research institutions. The keyword analysis indicates the hot topics in different periods. Moreover, several limitations and some recommendations for future research on RC are also given based on this.

Background Resilient and responsive healthcare systems is on the agenda as ever before. COVID-19, specialization of services, resource demands, and technology development are all examples of aspects leading to adaptations among stakeholders at different system levels whilst also attempting to maintain high service quality and safety. This commentary sets the scene for a journal collection on Resilient and responsive health systems in a changing world . The commentary aims to outline main challenges and opportunities in resilient healthcare theory and practice globally, as a backdrop for contributions to the collection. Main text Some of the main challenges in this field relate to a myriad of definitions and approaches to resilience in healthcare, and a lack of studies having multilevel perspectives. Also, the role of patients, families, and the public in resilient and responsive healthcare systems is under researched. By flipping the coin, this illustrates opportunities for research and practice and raise key issues that future resilience research should pay attention to. The potential of combining theoretical lenses from different resilience traditions, involvement of multiple stakeholders in co-creating research and practice improvement, and modelling and visualizing resilient performance are all opportunities to learn more about how healthcare succeeds under stress and normal operations. Conclusion A wide understanding of resilience and responsiveness is needed to support planning and preparation for future disasters and for handling the routine small-scale adaptation. This collection welcomes systematic reviews, quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research on the topic of resilience and responsiveness in all areas of the health system.

Nations are built to depend on critical infrastructures, key resources, assets, and facilities (CIKRAFs), hence the need to effectively analyse inherent vulnerabilities, to build and develop adequate protection and resilience capabilities. The purpose of this study is to develop a model that measures and quantifies a threshold vulnerability, called the resilient–vulnerability, comprising of protection and resilience measures, as this article asserts that resilient–vulnerability is systemic and measurable using the resilient–vulnerability model (RVM). The RVM, which requires input data from subject matter experts (SMEs), is deployed to a typical natural gas pipeline system, with data uncertainty catered for, through data aggregation and simulation, leading to the emergence of a resilient–vulnerability index (RVI). Summary findings reveal that the three subsystems, namely production and processing , transmission and storage , and distribution , all, respectively, scored 56, 59, and 52%, compared to the ideal possible score, leaving an entire system score of 64% of ideal conditions of protection and resilience. The results indicate the usefulness of the RVM to owners and operators of CIKRAFs, with the RVM supporting the quantification of the resilient–vulnerability of structurally decomposable CIKRAFs, and the comparative baseline index RVI supporting the security and resilience profiling of all similar CIKRAFs.

IntroductionCotton is a crop of major economic importance, often cultivated under environmental conditions that expose plants to abiotic stresses such as heat and water deficit, which negatively affect physiological performance and yield. Biostimulants have emerged as promising tools to enhance plant resilience and productivity under such conditions.MethodsThis study evaluated the effects of foliar application of a novel biostimulant “SB”, based on a Glicoligno Lipidic Complex, at different dose rates on antioxidant metabolism, photosynthetic performance, agronomic traits, and boll yield of cotton grown under central Brazil conditions. The treatments promoted significant improvements in physiological efficiency, particularly at higher application rates, with the 2.0 L ha-¹ dose showing the most pronounced responses.Results and discussionFoliar application of the novel biostimulant SB (Glicoligno Lipidic complex) significantly improved physiological and agronomic performance of cotton grown under central Brazil conditions. SB enhanced net photosynthesis (A) by up to 15.3%, and water use efficiency (WUE) by 12-20.5% (p > 0.1) across the evaluated cultivars and application times. Also, it increased RuBisCO activity by 9–22.4%, and improved chlorophyll and carotenoid contents (p > 0.05) by up to 25.2% and 16.3%, respectively. Antioxidant responses were modulated, with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels reduced (p > 0.1) by up to 12.4% and 14.3%, respectively, indicating reduced oxidative stress. These physiological benefits translated into higher reproductive success, with number of bolls per plant increased by approximately 30% in cultivar C1 and boll weight increasing by 6–6.3% in C2. Overall fiber seed yield was enhanced (p > 0.05) by 6.9% in C1 (p > 0.1) (cultivar 1; FM 911GLTP) and 5.6% in C2 (cultivar 2; FM974 GLT). The results highlight SB as an effective foliar biostimulant that improves photosynthetic efficiency, stress tolerance, and yield formation, supporting cotton productivity under variable field conditions.

Inadequate governance and climate change exacerbate vulnerabilities in Cambodia's water system. More than 25% of the rural population relies on untreated water sources, while only 37% have access to safely managed sanitation. This study employed a participatory action research approach to examine the effectiveness of national Climate-Resilient Water Safety Planning (CR-WSP) guidelines. These guidelines aim to enhance adaptive capacity and address water vulnerabilities through community-led management. This study provides new insights into the early rollout of such guidelines, a phase that is less documented in the global literature. Results demonstrate that CR-WSP frameworks enhance water system resilience by meaningfully engaging stakeholders and facilitating planning for a climate-adaptive service delivery system. However, resilience-building faced significant barriers, including insufficient community participation, technical capacity gaps, limited climate data for vulnerability assessments, and inadequate social inclusion mechanisms. Multi-stakeholder collaboration emerged as critical for the success of water safety planning processes. Findings reveal that while CR-WSP represents a promising resilience-building tool, achieving water security requires addressing systemic vulnerabilities through enhanced community engagement, improved integration of climate data, strengthened institutional capacity, and inclusive governance frameworks. The study contributes practical insights for water resilience science, demonstrating both opportunities and constraints in implementing adaptive water management tools. •Only half of the urban populations have access to safely managed drinking water.•Sanitation services cover 44.7% in urban areas and 34.06% in rural areas.•This is Cambodia's first study on national guidelines for water safety planning.•Effective CR-WSP implementation needs community engagement and ownership.•It requires accessible climate data, empowered local governance, and dedicated funding.

Climate change is an inevitable event that obstructs the output of aquaculture farms and culture-based fisheries in open waters. It poses a serious threat to global food security, altering biodiversity, ecosystems, and global fish output by displacing fish stocks from their natural habitats. When compared to freshwater aquaculture, marine/coastal aquaculture is more affected. To combat the effects of climate change, several mitigation methods and adaptations are being implemented, emphasizing future demands of affordable protein. Selective breeding, species diversification, and aquaculture systems like integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, aquaponics, and recirculating aquaculture system are some of the most widely accepted and adapted solutions. Further research on intervention in seed and feed in terms of quality improvement, bioresource utilization, and technological and genetic improvement is required. Climate change policies from the government are also essential. The present study differs from previous reviews by portraying the various abiotic stress factors contributing to the drastic climate change, encompassing adaptation strategies followed in distinct aquaculture sources such as freshwater, inland saline water, brackish water, coastal waters, and culture-based capture fisheries with its future implications.