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Enacting the corporation
What are corporations, and to whom are they responsible? Anthropologist Marina Welker draws on two years of research at Newmont Mining Corporation’s Denver headquarters and its Batu Hijau copper and gold mine in Sumbawa, Indonesia, to address these questions. Against the backdrop of an emerging Corporate Social Responsibility movement and changing state dynamics in Indonesia, she shows how people enact the mining corporation in multiple ways: as an ore producer, employer, patron, promoter of sustainable development, religious sponsor, auditable organization, foreign imperialist, and environmental threat. Rather than assuming that corporations are monolithic, profit-maximizing subjects, Welker turns to anthropological theories of personhood to develop an analytic model of the corporation as an unstable collective subject with multiple authors, boundaries, and interests. Enacting the Corporation demonstrates that corporations are constituted through continuous struggles over relations with—and responsibilities to—local communities, workers, activists, governments, contractors, and shareholders.
eBook
Environmental Impacts of Transnational Corporations in the Global South
This volume explores the impact of Transnational Corporations (TNCs) on the environment of the Global South during this period of neoliberal globalization. It develops themes around transnational extractive activity; the impact of transnational capital on indigenous populations, and the role played by international institutions,.
eBook
Toward a new (old) theory of responsibility : moving beyond accountability
This book offers a much needed overview of the neglected notion of responsibility. Instead of offering vague talk about \"individual responsibility\" or \"corporate responsibility,\" Daryl Koehn examines in detail four accounts of responsibility, taking care to specify what responsibility does and does not mean in each account. She argues for a return to the ancient concept of Socratic dialogical responsibility, a concept that avoids many of the problems inherent in the other accounts. After examining the Anglo-American criminal legal system's treatment of responsibility as intentional agency, she critiques Hans Jonas's concept of responsibility as ontological care and Hannah Arendt's notion of communicative responsibility. She provides a careful analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each approach to responsibility. The final chapter makes the case for Socratic dialogical responsibility. Dialogical responsibility has many strengths in its own right and avoids the major pitfalls of the other notions of responsibility examined in the book. It serves as an eminently practical way to hold ourselves responsible for our actions and speech. In addition, dialogical responsibility alone qualifies as a virtue integral to the good life.
Book
Effect of CSR and Ethical Practices on Sustainable Competitive Performance: A Case of Emerging Markets from Stakeholder Theory Perspective
An extensive work has been done on corporate social responsibly practices (CSRPs) that mainly emphasized the larger firms within developed nations. Nonetheless, still work is needed to observe the importance of CSRPs' and ethical cultural practices (ECL) in terms of sustainable competitive performance (SACP) that garnered far less attention by the existing literature. This study explores the impact of CSRPs on SACP with the mediating role of ECL from SMEs of two emerging nations, i.e., China and Pakistan based on stakeholders' theory and practices. The results using SEM affirmed the positive linkages of CSRPs—environment responsibility (EnvR), community responsibility (ComuR), customers' responsibility (CustR), suppliers responsibility (SupR), employee responsibility (EmpR), and Govt. rules & regulations' responsibility (GRulR)—on SACP. It found that CSRPs have positive relationships with ECL whereas ECL further positively correlated with SACP in the context of both countries. The findings revealed the positive mediating influence of ECL between CSRPs and SACP, respectively. This study furnishes insightful information for management on how firms may achieve sustainable performance by incorporating ethical cultural practices and corporate social responsibility practices as the strategic tools. The study reports numerous implications for management together with lines for future directions.
Journal Article
Do Corporate Social Responsibility Reports Convey Value Relevant Information? Evidence from Report Readability and Tone
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting is becoming mainstream, yet there is limited research on whether and how CSR reports communicate value relevant information. We examine the effects of CSR report readability and tone on future CSR performance and the market reaction around the release of CSR reports. Using a hand-collected dataset of Fortune 500 companies that published stand-alone CSR reports from 2002 to 2014, we find that 1-year-ahead CSR performance is positively associated with the changes in both CSR report readability and tone, suggesting that more readable text and more optimistic tone in a firm's CSR report are indicative of better future CSR performance. Furthermore, consistent with the view that CSR reports communicate important value relevant information to the market, we document significant market reactions to report readability and tone around the release of CSR reports. Additional analyses suggest that CSR report readability enhances the association between the abnormal returns and the change in CSR report tone, and that the market reaction to CSR report readability is more pronounced for firms with lower analyst following and higher financial opacity. Taken together, our results substantiate the important roles of CSR report readability and tone in communicating future CSR performance and imparting value relevant information to the market.
Journal Article
Refining Expertise
Winner of the 2015 Rachel Carson Prize presented by the
Society for Social Studies of Science Residents of a small
Louisiana town were sure that the oil refinery next door was making
them sick. As part of a campaign demanding relocation away from the
refinery, they collected scientific data to prove it. Their
campaign ended with a settlement agreement that addressed many of
their grievances-but not concerns about their health. Yet, instead
of continuing to collect data, residents began to let refinery
scientists' assertions that their operations did not harm them
stand without challenge. What makes a community move so suddenly
from actively challenging to apparently accepting experts'
authority? Refining Expertise argues that the answer lies
in the way that refinery scientists and engineers defined
themselves as experts. Rather than claiming to be infallible, they
began to portray themselves as responsible-committed to operating
safely and to contributing to the well-being of the community. The
volume shows that by grounding their claims to responsibility in
influential ideas from the larger culture about what makes good
citizens, nice communities, and moral companies, refinery
scientists made it much harder for residents to challenge their
expertise and thus re-established their authority over scientific
questions related to the refinery's health and environmental
effects. Gwen Ottinger here shows how industrial facilities'
current approaches to dealing with concerned communities-approaches
which leave much room for negotiation while shielding industry's
environmental and health claims from critique-effectively undermine
not only individual grassroots campaigns but also environmental
justice activism and far-reaching efforts to democratize science.
This work drives home the need for both activists and politically
engaged scholars to reconfigure their own activities in response,
in order to advance community health and robust scientific
knowledge about it.
eBook