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A survival guide to the misinformation age : scientific habits of mind
\"This book provides an inoculation against the misinformation epidemic by cultivating scientific habits of mind. From dissolving our fear of numbers and demystifying graphs, to elucidating the key concepts of probability and the use of precise language and logic, Helfand supplies an essential set of apps for the pre-frontal cortex while making science both accessible and entertaining.\"--Publisher marketing.
Book
Assessment of scientific literacy levels among secondary school students in Lebanon: Exploring gender-based differences
In recent years, educational reforms have made scientific literacy a major priority because of its increasing importance in today’s dynamic world. Program for international student assessment 2015 evaluated scientific literacy from 72 countries, and Lebanon ranked 65th. Scientific literacy levels among Lebanese secondary school students and gender differences are unknown. This study fills this research gap. A total of 130 students from Lebanon’s private secondary schools were involved in this research. Scientific literacy levels were assessed using an instrument developed by Gormally et al. (2012), who conceptualized nine science competencies contributing to scientific literacy including understanding research designs, creating and interpreting graphs, and solving quantitative problems. Welch’s ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. Lebanese secondary school students have very low scientific literacy levels, and no significant difference was observed between genders. We present recommendations for adding desired skills to the curriculum based on a review of the underlying factors.
Journal Article
The Construction of Civil Scientific Literacy in China from the Perspective of Science Education
On 25 June 2021, the State Council issued the new
Outline of the National Action Scheme for Scientific Literacy for All Chinese Citizens (2020–2035) (Outline of Scientific Literacy).
In order to provide reference for its implementation, this study analyzes the achievements and obstacles in the implementation of the old
Outline of Scientific Literacy (2006–2010-2020)
based on the results of all previous surveys on civic scientific literacy (CSL) in China and from the perspective of science education. The results showed a continued steady growth in CSL, from 1.6 in 2005 to 10.56% in 2020. Specifically, male, urban, and younger adults were more likely to qualify as possessing CSL. Moreover, education level was found to be positively related to CSL. The study also found that in China, the effectiveness of formal science education has been hampered by the long-term division of the arts and sciences, examination-oriented education, the urban–rural gap, and the aging population. In terms of informal education, 37.2% of Chinese citizens visited science museums in 2020, and the Internet plays an increasing important role. Nowadays, Chinese science popularization lacks interaction, with limited opportunities for public engagement. There are deficiencies in both the country’s formal and informal science education, meaning that there is still much room for improvement in the promotion of CSL in China.
Journal Article
Introduction of Taiwanese literacy-oriented science curriculum and development of an aligned scientific literacy assessment
This article reports on the introduction of Taiwanese new literacy-oriented science curriculum reform and the development of a measure of scientific literacy (SL). Curriculum reform has always been received increasing attention from educators in many countries around the world. Meanwhile, trends in science education policy have emphasized the importance of SL as a transferable outcome and the main goal of science education (Fives et al., 2014). It would seem reasonable, therefore, that the new science curriculum guidelines (NSCG) would be developed for grade 3-grade 12 in Taiwan for making progress toward the goal of SL. In this article, the authors (a) discuss the background of science education reform in Taiwan, (b) introduce and describe the features of NSCG, (c) evaluate the relative strengths and limitations of the present assessments, (d) describe a framework for aligning assessment with NSCG, and (e) conduct a pilot study for item analysis. For the 6th grade level, the pilot test reported an acceptable reliability coefficient, high item difficulty and good discrimination value of scientific literacy assessment (SLA). Further revision is necessary to make available a series of validated and reliable items being developed for assessing students’ SL at various science learning stages. Hopefully, SLA will finally fill the gap of the assessment part of the current science curriculum reform in terms of guiding educators to precisely evaluate students’ SL.
Journal Article
Effect of science virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods on lower-secondary school students’ scientific literacy ability in a science course
Virtual laboratory is computer software that has the ability to perform mathematical modeling of computer equipment presented in the form of simulations. Virtual laboratory is not a substitute for real laboratory, but are used to complement and improve the weaknesses of real laboratory. This study aims to determine the effect of virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods on lower-secondary school students’ scientific literacy ability in a science course. The design of this research is quasi-experimental. The sample in this study was 102 students (12-14 years old) in a lower-secondary school in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, used as experiment 1 group 1 (n = 34), experiment 2 group (n = 34), and control group (n = 34). The three groups (experiment 1, experiment 2, and control) were tested with pretest and posttest. Experiment 1 group used virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods, experiment 2 group used only virtual laboratory, and the control group used only a demonstration method. Scientific literacy ability was measured using multiple-choice tests before and after treatment. Statistical tests on mixed methods ANOVA were used to determine how effective the use of virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods was in improving scientific literacy ability. The research result based tests of Within-Subjects Effects showed that there is a difference between the pretest-posttest scores of scientific literacy ability (F = 10.50; p < 0.05) in each group. The results based pairwaise comparison show that the significance value is <0.05, and there is a significant increase in the pretest-posttest scores of scientific literacy ability in every group. The result of effect size (partial eta squared) shows that the experiment 1 group to increase scientific literacy ability is 84.5%; experiment 2 group is 78.5%; control group is 74.3%. So, it can be concluded that experiment 1 group (virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods) provides the most effective contribution to improving scientific literacy ability when compared to experiment 2 group virtual laboratory only) and control group (demonstration methods only).
Journal Article
Development and validation of an instrument for measuring civic scientific literacy
Civic scientific literacy (CSL) is a fundamental indicator of social development and national literacy and is very important for personal well-being and national competitiveness. To be in line with the technological advancements and demands of the current era, we focused on “science engagement”, which is now considered an important approach to enhance the CSL of the general public, and developed a 4-dimensional CSL assessment framework based on the crucial elements for citizens to engage in science. The 4 dimensions are scientific knowledge (SK), scientific method (SM), problem-solving (PS), and scientific thought and spirit of science (STSS). With this framework, a CSL measurement instrument including 50 items was developed. Various validity evidence, including evidence with reliability close to or exceeding 0.8 for all four dimensions, supports the use of the instrument to provide a valuation of CSL. Age, location type (urban or rural), educational background, and occupation are all significant factors associated with CSL.
Journal Article
How to Develop Scientific Literacy Enrichment Book on Earth Science Content Using Plomp Method?
The purpose of this study is to produce a book on enriching scientific literacy in Earth Science context that is feasible and appropriate for junior high school students. The development of science literacy enrichment books uses the Plomp method which consists of problem analysis, prototype design and development, evaluation, and revision. In the process of developing the book an instrument is used in the form of a list of indicators which are a combination of material and competencies developed. The material developed includes Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere which includes discussions on environmental pollution, global warming, the water cycle, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes and soil. Competencies developed include the competence to explain phenomena scientifically, interpret scientific data and evidence, and evaluate and design investigations. In the evaluation process the instruments used were questionnaires, readability test instruments and scientific literacy tests. The participating participants numbered 30 of grade 7 students from one of the junior high schools in Cilacap District. The results of the study showed that the developed scientific literacy enrichment book was feasible to use with a percentage of eligibility of 79,2%.
Journal Article
The Influence of the Implementation of Android-Assisted Experiential Learning Model-Based Science Learning on Students' Scientific Literacy
This study aims to determine the effect of implementing an android application which was based on Experiential Learning Model (ELM) on students' scientific literacy in terms of knowledge, competencies, and attitude. This research was a quasi-experiment with pre-post research of non-equivalent control group design. The population of the study were students of grade VII Junior High Schools in Kotawaringin Timur Regency. The sample was selected by stratified random sampling technique based on school stratification, which included high, medium, and low category schools. Research data of scientific literacy knowledge and competencies were measured using test instrument, while scientific research literacy attitude data was measured using non-test instrument (self-assessment questionnaire). The data analysis technique used was one-way manova with significance level of .05. The result of the data analysis showed that science learning which was based on Experiential Learning Model (ELM) with android support has significant influence on the scientific literacy, covering some aspects: knowledge, competencies, and attitude of students of grade VII Junior High Schools in Kotawaringin Timur Regency.
Journal Article
Why Museums? Museums as Conveners on Climate Change
Informal learning leading to collective action around climate change continues to be controversial and piecemeal. Given the positionality of museums as public-facing institutions that address topics of social, scientific, and historical significance, we argue that the museum should be a key convener of discussions around climate change. Utilizing a framework proposed by the National Academies of the Sciences concerning community scientific literacy, as well as our own data from public convenings, we suggest a model for engagement between museums and their public(s) to advance both communication of the emergent climate data, and advocacy for collective action around climate change.
Journal Article
Evaluation of Scientific Data Literacy Competency for Postgraduates in China and Construction of Data Literacy Education System
[Purpose/Significance] Based on the investigation of scientific data literacy ability of domestic graduate students, this paper constructs the scientific data literacy ability training system of university libraries, so as to provide targeted suggestions for university libraries to carry out scientific data literacy education. [Method/Process] Based on the data literacy evaluation research, a questionnaire was designed, and graduate students s of Jiangnan University were taken as the sample. [Results/Conclusions] The research shows that the data consciousness and data ethics of postgraduates in domestic universities are showing an optimistic trend. But students' ability of data collection, data organization and management, data utilization and preservation need to be improved, especially the data analysis capabilities need to be urgently strengthened. Based on this, this paper constructs a training system in accordance with the current situation of scientific data literacy of university graduates from four aspects of training objectives, contents, methods and evaluation.
Journal Article