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Advanced remote sensing : terrestrial information extraction and applications
Advanced Remote Sensing is an application-based reference that provides a single source of mathematical concepts necessary for remote sensing data gathering and assimilation.It presents state-of-the-art techniques for estimating land surface variables from a variety of data types, including optical sensors such as RADAR and LIDAR.
eBook
Analysis and engineering of quorum sensing-based communications between bacteria and fungi
Bacteria and fungi ubiquitously coexist, with their interactions critically influencing human health and industrial processes. Quorum sensing (QS) is a core regulatory mechanism that enables density-dependent coordination and phenotypic responses across these two kingdoms. While bacteria and fungi utilize their respective QS systems to engage in competitive or cooperative interactions to enhance their environmental adaptability, the current understanding of QS-based communications between them remains scattered, and a systematic summary of this field is still lacking. In this review, we examine the intricate dialog between bacteria and fungi, focusing on its role in microbial network assembly and ecosystem function, to provide a comprehensive analysis and engineering perspective on QS-based cross-kingdom communication. Specifically, we will first briefly delineate the core architecture of bacterial and fungal QS systems and the phenotypes they govern. Then, we will analyze QS-based interactions across diverse environments between different bacteria and fungi, categorizing natural QS interactions based on various phenotypes, including biofilm co-assembly and metabolic complementation. We further compare and analyze synthetic biology strategies, including promoter engineering and directed evolution of QS regulatory components, for reprogramming bacterial-fungal interactions and their applications. By synthesizing and contrasting these natural paradigms with synthetic designs, we provide a blueprint for achieving modular control over bacterial-fungal communities in diverse environments. Finally, by outlining persistent challenges and future trends, we aim to propel this field forward, enabling the deciphering of complex microbial interactions and ultimately increasing our capacity to engineer microbial consortia for diverse applications.
Journal Article
Ligand binding drives proteolysis of the SmcR master transcription factor and controls quorum sensing-state transitions in Vibrio species
SmcR family proteins were discovered in the 1990s as central regulators of quorum-sensing gene expression and later discovered to be conserved in all studied Vibrio species. SmcR homologs regulate a wide range of genes involved in pathogenesis, including but not limited to genes involved in biofilm production and toxin secretion. As archetypal members of the broad class of TetR-type transcription factors, each SmcR-type protein has a predicted ligand-binding pocket. However, no native ligand has been identified for these proteins that control their function as regulators. Here, we used SmcR-specific chemical inhibitors to determine that ligand binding drives proteolytic degradation in vivo , providing the first demonstration of SmcR function connected to ligand binding for this historical protein family.
Journal Article
Collaboration between a temperate phage and Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing constrains social cheats
Quorum sensing (QS) enables bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa to coordinate cooperative activities. How bacteria in cooperating groups can resist infiltration by non-cooperating variants is an emerging area of interest in sociobiology and molecular biology. There have been several recent reports on how QS and certain bacteriophage interact. In some strains of P. aeruginosa , QS can activate phage defense systems. At least one bacteriophage can repress P. aeruginosa QS. Here, we show that a previously undescribed bacteriophage can help cooperating groups of P. aeruginosa resist infiltration by non-cooperating QS mutants. This represents a mutualism in which both the bacteriophage and the P. aeruginosa host benefit at least under certain conditions.
Journal Article
Remote sensing of natural hazards
\"This book presents a robust overview of remote sensing technology used to gather information on a variety of natural hazards. It clarifies how to yield spatial and quantitative data on a natural hazard, including its spatial distribution, severity, causes, and the likelihood of occurrence. The author explains several methods of attaining data and the pros and cons of each, offering a practical approach in data analysis using the most appropriate methods and software. Professionals working in the field of natural hazards, senior undergraduate, and graduate students, will find in-depth approaches and become knowledgeable in the methods of remote sensing of natural hazards\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Novel dual regulatory roles of RpoA in quorum sensing regulation and social behavior switching in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Understanding the social structure and evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities requires the identification and characterization of relevant mutant subpopulations. While
employs quorum sensing (QS) to coordinate population-wide behaviors, the social traits of many QS mutants remain poorly defined. In this study, we developed an iterative \"targeted gene duplication followed by mutant screening\" (TGD-MS) approach to systematically identify noncanonical QS cheater mutants. We discovered that a single-nucleotide mutation in
, which encodes the α subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP), produces a QS-deficient phenotype resembling QS-null mutants. This RpoA variant mutant exhibits characteristic features of social cheating, including a competitive growth advantage in mixed populations, impaired QS-dependent virulence factor production, and attenuated pathogenicity. Structural and biochemical analyses revealed that the RpoA variant impairs RNAP binding to the promoters of core QS genes (
and
), leading to diminished QS activity. Further examination of natural RpoA variants uncovered a spectrum of QS-related phenotypes, suggesting that RpoA has a dual regulatory role in QS control. Within the C-terminal domain (α-CTD) of RpoA, we identified two distinct functional determinants that, through adaptive mutations, can acquire opposing regulatory effects on QS. This enables an environmentally dependent phenotypic switch between cooperation and cheating. Our discovery of noncanonical RpoA-mediated QS cheaters expands the framework of bacterial social evolution, demonstrating that mutations outside the canonical QS circuitry can disrupt cooperative behaviors. These findings underscore how core transcriptional machinery can be evolutionarily co-opted to modulate complex social interactions in dynamic environments.IMPORTANCETo understand how bacterial populations function and evolve, it is essential to identify socially significant subpopulations, including previously unrecognized types of cheaters. In this study, we uncover an unexpected role of RNA polymerase (RNAP) in regulating quorum sensing (QS) and QS-associated social behaviors in
. Specifically, we demonstrate that the α subunit of RNAP (RpoA) is a key regulatory component in this process. A single-nucleotide mutation within the C-terminal domain of RpoA was found to alter QS activity, driving an environment-dependent transition between cooperative and cheating phenotypes. This discovery of this novel, noncanonical QS cheater mutant offers new insights into intra-population interactions, population stability, and evolutionary dynamics. These findings carry significant implications for microbial ecology and deepen our understanding of social evolution in bacterial communities.
Journal Article