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Wounds on embryonic mouse fetuses regenerate up to embryonic day (E) 13, but after E14, the pattern is lost and a visible scar remains. We hypothesized that the sonic hedgehog (Shh), which is involved in patterning during development, is involved in the regeneration of texture. Embryos of ICR mice were surgically injured at E13, E14, and E15 and analyzed for the expression of Shh. For external Shh administration, recombinant Shh-containing slow-release beads were implanted in the wounds of mice. In contrast, cyclopamine was administered to wounds of adult mice to inhibit Shh. The expression of Shh was unaltered at E13, whereas it was upregulated in the epidermis of the wound from E14 onward. Implantation of recombinant Shh-containing beads into E13 wounds inhibited skin texture regeneration. Cyclopamine treatment inhibited epithelialization and thickening of the epidermis in the wounds of adult mice. In vitro, Shh promoted proliferation and inhibited the migration of epidermal keratinocytes through the activation of cyclin D proteins. Thus, our results suggested that the expression of Shh is involved in the regeneration of texture during wound healing, especially in epidermal keratinocyte migration and division, and could inhibit skin texture regeneration after E14.

Polynucleotides, complex molecules composed of nucleotides, have gained attention in aesthetic medicine for their potential to regulate gene expression and promote tissue regeneration. This review aims to provide an overview of the current practices and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotides in aesthetic medicine. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using keywords related to polynucleotides, cosmetic application, and aesthetic application. Studies were selected based on their relevance to aesthetic medicine and the inclusion of human subjects. The review found that polynucleotides have been used to improve skin texture, reduce wrinkle depth, and enhance facial appearance. The studies reported varying degrees of efficacy and safety, with some studies demonstrating significant improvements in skin elasticity and hydration. However, others reported limited or no benefits. The review also highlighted the need for further research to establish the optimal use and efficacy of polynucleotides in aesthetic medicine. While the existing literature suggests that polynucleotides may have potential benefits in aesthetic medicine, more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and optimal use. Clinicians should be aware of the current limitations and potential risks associated with the use of polynucleotides in aesthetic medicine.

Previously, we reported that the hot water extract of Hydrangea serrata leaves (WHS) and its active component, hydrangenol, possess in vitro and in vivo effects on skin wrinkles and moisturization. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to clinically evaluate the effect of WHS on human skin. Participants (n = 151) were randomly assigned to receive either WHS 300 mg, WHS 600 mg, or placebo, once daily for 12 weeks. Skin wrinkle, hydration, elasticity, texture, and roughness parameters were assessed at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Compared to the placebo, skin wrinkles were significantly reduced in both WHS groups after 8 and 12 weeks. In both WHS groups, five parameters (R1–R5) of skin wrinkles significantly improved and skin hydration was significantly enhanced when compared to the placebo group after 12 weeks. Compared with the placebo, three parameters of skin elasticity, including overall elasticity (R2), net elasticity (R5), and ratio of elastic recovery to total deformation (R7), improved after 12 weeks of oral WHS (600 mg) administration. Changes in skin texture and roughness were significantly reduced in both WHS groups. No WHS-related adverse reactions were reported. Hence, WHS could be used as a health supplement for skin anti-aging.

The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the epidermis and plays an important role in maintaining skin moisture and protecting the skin from the external environment. Ceramide and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) are the major SC components that maintain skin moisture. In this study, we investigated whether the oral intake of enzymatically decomposed AP collagen peptides (APCPs) can improve skin moisture and barrier function by assessing changes in the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC after APCP ingestion with the aim to develop a skin functional food. Fifty participants orally ingested APCP (1000 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks, and then, skin hydration and skin texture were evaluated. SC samples were collected to analyze skin scaling, ceramide, and NMF contents. Participants in the APCP group exhibited improved skin moisture content by 7.33% (p = 0.031) and roughness by −4.09% (p = 0.036) when compared with those in the placebo group. NMF content; the amounts of amino acids (AA), including glycine and proline; and AA derivatives were significantly increased in the APCP group (31.98 μg/mg protein) compared to those in the placebo group (−16.01 μg/mg protein) (p = 0.006). The amounts of total ceramides and ceramide subclasses were significantly higher in the APCP group than in the placebo group (p = 0.014). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that APCP intake improves skin moisture and increase the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC, thereby enhancing the skin barrier function.

Background Facial photoaging is a complex biological process influenced by both internal and external factors. It is characterized by wrinkles, enlarged pores, and rough skin. Despite various clinical treatments, they often have limited effectiveness, significant side effects, and extended recovery times. There is a need for more effective and safer treatment options. Preliminary evidence suggests significant differences in mechanisms between fractional 1064 nm Nd:YAG picosecond laser (FxPico) and fractional Q‐switched 1064‐nm Nd:YAG laser (QSF‐Nd:YAG). Photothermal tissue modulation is achieved in the QSF‐Nd:YAG platform through holographic beam splitting, whereas the FxPico system's microlens arrays (MLA) enable dual‐mode action through concurrent photothermal and laser‐induced optical breakdown (LIOB) mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to conduct a split‐face controlled trial on the same subject, observing the therapeutic effects of both modalities. Methods Thirty patients with photoaging underwent five treatment sessions at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8. Each patient received FxPico on one side of the face and QSF‐Nd:YAG on the other. Follow‐up evaluations were conducted at 1 and 3 months post‐treatment. Efficacy was assessed using VISIA quantitative analysis, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and histological examination. Safety was evaluated based on adverse events and patient‐reported pain. Results Among the patients following the completion of five treatment sessions exhibited remarkable improvement in terms of facial wrinkles, pores and skin texture from VISIA quantitative numerical assessment (p < 0.001). Semi‐quantitative assessments from reflectance confocal microscopy analysis also demonstrated a significant decrease (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences observed in the reduction rates of wrinkles, pores, skin texture counts, semi‐quantitative scores, and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores (p > 0.05) between the FxPico and QSF‐Nd:YAG sides. Histological analysis revealed increased collagen formation and improved elastic fiber alignment in both treatment groups, which objectively validates the therapeutic efficacy of both laser modalities for photoaging. Adverse events were mild, with FxPico causing more pain (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Both FxPico and QSF‐Nd:YAG lasers are effective and safe for improving photoaging, with no significant differences in clinical outcomes. FxPico may offer superior collagen stimulation, albeit with higher pain levels. Trial Registration China Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200058566

Nowadays patients want to get an immediate result from skin rejuvenation techniques without sign of injections and consequent limitations in social life. Therefore, the least traumatic, more effective, and longer lasting treatment approach for skin quality improvement should be favored.IntroductionNowadays patients want to get an immediate result from skin rejuvenation techniques without sign of injections and consequent limitations in social life. Therefore, the least traumatic, more effective, and longer lasting treatment approach for skin quality improvement should be favored.Assess skin quality outcomes by clinical examination and self-reporting in patients treated with two non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) products, injected by cannula. Investigate the skin thickness and the longevity of dermal fillers in soft tissues by ultrasound examination.PurposeAssess skin quality outcomes by clinical examination and self-reporting in patients treated with two non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) products, injected by cannula. Investigate the skin thickness and the longevity of dermal fillers in soft tissues by ultrasound examination.Fifteen female patients (mean age 41 years) were selected for injection with two non-crosslinked HA products (one for each hemiface and hemi neck). Subdermal injections were performed bilaterally and the retrograde linear fanning technique with a 25G 50 mm cannula from three entry points was used. An ultrasound examination of the skin layers thickness was carried out before the procedure and every 6-7 days up to three weeks, when patients skin quality improvement was assessed by GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) and patients asked about their satisfaction level.Patients and MethodsFifteen female patients (mean age 41 years) were selected for injection with two non-crosslinked HA products (one for each hemiface and hemi neck). Subdermal injections were performed bilaterally and the retrograde linear fanning technique with a 25G 50 mm cannula from three entry points was used. An ultrasound examination of the skin layers thickness was carried out before the procedure and every 6-7 days up to three weeks, when patients skin quality improvement was assessed by GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) and patients asked about their satisfaction level.On the right hemiface, the use of the non-crosslinked HA-product with lidocaine was not associated with pain in the sites of injection. On both face sides, the signs of bruising or edema were minor and not associated with downtime or social life limitation after the procedure. After three weeks, despite both injected products could not be detected by ultrasound technique, signs of skin stimulation and skin layers hydration were still observed: The dermis became thicker on both hemifaces while the epidermis became thinner but showed more pronounced radiance and densification effect on the right hemiface.ResultsOn the right hemiface, the use of the non-crosslinked HA-product with lidocaine was not associated with pain in the sites of injection. On both face sides, the signs of bruising or edema were minor and not associated with downtime or social life limitation after the procedure. After three weeks, despite both injected products could not be detected by ultrasound technique, signs of skin stimulation and skin layers hydration were still observed: The dermis became thicker on both hemifaces while the epidermis became thinner but showed more pronounced radiance and densification effect on the right hemiface.Subdermal injections of non-crosslinked HA \"skin boosters\" could be a good option for minimal traumatic and effective 3-week lasting skin quality improvement.ConclusionSubdermal injections of non-crosslinked HA \"skin boosters\" could be a good option for minimal traumatic and effective 3-week lasting skin quality improvement.

Texture analysis is devised to address the weakness of color-based image segmentation models by considering the statistical and spatial relations among the group of neighbor pixels in the image instead of relying on color information of individual pixels solely. Due to decent performance of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) in texture analysis of natural objects, this study employs this technique to analyze the human skin texture characteristics. The main goal of this study is to investigate the impact of major GLCM parameters including quantization level , displacement magnitudes , displacement direction and GLCM features on skin segmentation and classification performance. Each of these parameters has been assessed and optimized using an exhaustive supervised search from a fairly large initial feature space. Three supervised classifiers including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Multilayer Perceptron have been employed to evaluate the performance of the feature space subsets. Evaluation results using Edith Cowan University (ECU) dataset showed that the proposed texture-assisted skin detection model outperformed pixelwise skin detection by significant margin. The proposed method generates an F -score of 91.98, which is satisfactory, considering the challenging scenario in ECU dataset. Comparison of the proposed texture-assisted skin detection model with some state-of-the-art skin detection models indicates high accuracy and F -score of the proposed model. The findings of this study can be used in various disciplines, such as face recognition, skin disorder and lesion recognition, and nudity detection.

Facial aging is a complex process manifesting as skin hyperpigmentation, textural irregularities, and a diminished elasticity, hydration, and evenness of tone. The escalating demand for minimally invasive aesthetic interventions has driven the development of advanced hydrogel-based injectable formulations. This clinical study assessed the safety and efficacy of Hydragel A1, an injectable hydrogel containing hyaluronic acid (HA), niacinamide, and tranexamic acid (TXA), designed to simultaneously address multiple facets of facial skin aging. A cohort of 49 female participants underwent a series of objective and subjective assessments, including the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), instrumental measurements (Antera 3D, Chromameter, Cutometer, Dermascan, Corneometer), and standardized photographic documentation at baseline (Day 0) and 14, 28, and 70 days post-treatment. The results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in skin hydration, texture, elasticity, and pigmentation following Hydragel A1 administration. Notably, no serious adverse events or significant injection site reactions were observed, confirming the favorable safety profile of the investigated device. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of a combined HA, niacinamide, and TXA injectable formulation to provide a comprehensive approach to facial skin rejuvenation, effectively targeting multiple aging-related mechanisms.

There is growing interest in combining topical treatments with aesthetic procedures to combat signs of aging skin. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a novel cosmetic serum containing 5 different forms of HA (HA DG) when used via a proprietary diamond-tip microdermabrasion procedure (DG) to treat skin dryness, fine lines/wrinkles, rough texture, and dullness. In this open-label, single-center study, participants received HA DG as part of a biweekly DG procedure on the face and neck for 12 weeks. Study participants also applied another take-home HA serum to the face twice daily at home, along with a basic skincare regimen. The efficacy of the combined treatment was measured by clinical quantification of multiple skin appearance features, analysis of bioinstrumental measurements, and digital photography. This study enrolled 27 participants, with an average age of 42.7 years and Fitzpatrick skin phototypes I-III (59.3%), IV (18.5%), and V-VI (22.2%), and 23 participants completed the study. The combined treatment had effects in fine lines/wrinkles, skin dryness, smoothness, radiance, firmness, and hydration 15 minutes post-DG. Furthermore, the significant improvements observed in dryness, fine lines/wrinkles, skin smoothness, and radiance were still visible 3 days after and maintained at week 12. Additionally, smoothing of coarse lines/wrinkles, improvement of skin tone evenness, hyperpigmentation, photodamage, and transepidermal water loss were observed at week 12. The treatment had a favorable tolerability profile and was perceived as efficacious and highly satisfactory. This novel combined treatment delivered immediate and prolonged skin hydration and high participant satisfaction, proving it can be an excellent approach for skin rejuvenation.

We present our latest research on skin characterizations by using Contact Capacitive Imaging and High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging with Machine Learning algorithms. Contact Capacitive Imaging is a novel imaging technology based on the dielectric constant measurement principle, with which we have studied the skin water content of different skin sites and performed image classification by using pre-trained Deep Learning Neural Networks through Transfer Learning. The results show lips and nose have the lowest water content, whilst cheek, eye corner and under-eye have the highest water content. The classification yields up to 83.8% accuracy. High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging is a state-of-the-art ultrasound technology, and can produce high-resolution images of the skin and superficial soft tissue to a vertical resolution of about 40 microns, with which we have studied the thickness of different skin layers, such as stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis, around different locations on the face and around different body parts. The results show the chin has the highest stratum corneum thickness, and the arm has the lowest stratum corneum thickness. We have also developed two feature-based image classification methods which yield promising results. The outcomes of this study could provide valuable guidelines for cosmetic/medical research, and methods developed in this study can also be extended for studying damaged skin or skin diseases. The combination of Contact Capacitive Imaging and High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging could be a powerful tool for skin studies.