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Integrating varieties of capitalism and welfare state research : a unified typology of capitalisms
\"This book combines the two most important typologies of capitalist diversity. This is possible because all countries with liberal market economies also have liberal welfare states; all countries that coordinate their economy either have a conservative or a social democratic welfare state. Building on this, this book shows how Hall and Soskice's 'Varieties of Capitalism' typology can be combined with Esping-Andersen's welfare regime typology. Drawing on a large dataset of empirical indicators, this book argues that similar historical cultural policy styles forged production systems and welfare arrangements that now follow similar logics within families of countries. It is possible to distinguish 'liberal', 'social democratically coordinated' and 'conservatively coordinated capitalism', because production systems and welfare states form a coherent whole, so that neither of the two aspects can be studied in isolation. Ultimately, this book shows how such a unified typology can explain trajectories of liberalization\"--Back cover.
Book
Transcending Capitalism
Transcending Capitalismexplains why many influential midcentury American social theorists came to believe it was no longer meaningful to describe modern Western society as \"capitalist,\" but instead preferred alternative terms such as \"postcapitalist,\" \"postindustrial,\" or \"technological.\" Considering the discussion today of capitalism and its global triumph, it is important to understand why a prior generation of social theorists imagined the future of advanced societies not in a fixed capitalist form but in some course of development leading beyond capitalism.
Howard Brick locates this postcapitalist vision within a long history of social theory and ideology. He challenges the common view that American thought and culture utterly succumbed in the 1940s to a conservative cold war consensus that put aside the reform ideology and social theory of the early twentieth century. Rather, expectations of the shift to a new social economy persisted and cannot be disregarded as one of the elements contributing to the revival of dissenting thought and practice in the 1960s.
Rooted in a politics of social liberalism, this vision held influence for roughly a half century, from its interwar origins until the right turn in American political culture during the 1970s and 1980s. In offering a historically based understanding of American postcapitalist thought, Brick also presents some current possibilities for reinvigorating critical social thought that explores transitional developments beyond capitalism.
eBook
The concealment of the state
\"Increasingly, politicians and policymakers insist that the market is an immovable force that constraints their ability to act. At the same time, states strive to retain their sovereignty while claiming to be part of a global system. This dichotomy reveals a dominant contemporary ideology: the concealment of the state.This accessible book draws upon the anarchist criticism of the state to show the ideological and functional logic behind such concealment. It explains how states hide their ability to act by separating politics into a deep and shallow state, where political actors in the shallow state are free from policy formulation and implementation, which rests with the deep state. For example, American politicians deny global warming as the Pentagon plans to open new Arctic sea routes. Such transfer of policy to a less visible state is demonstrated through concrete international policy examples, including environmental regulations, budget recommendations, workplace safety, scientific investment, transportation planning, and education. The anarchist tradition shows how this concealment can be exposed so that popular political activity can challenge it more effectively\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Working futures in Australia’s renewable industries?
In this article, we consider the future of work in Australia’s renewable energy industry sectors through a consideration of the evolving political and economic context that will continue to shape it in years to come. We are particularly concerned about the quantity and quality of jobs, how these jobs will be realised, who secures them, and who will provide them. Further complicating matters, the debate is being carried out in the context of generalised skill shortages and recruitment difficulties. This article draws on and develops arguments we have put forward recently. Our focus in this article has been on the political economy of work and employment in Australia, especially implications of the polycrisis and associated geopolitics, the militarisation of industrial policy, renewable industries, regional development, just transitions, and the future of work and workers. In developing our argument, we consider Australia’s focus on ‘Renewable Energy Industrial Zones’ in an era of the ‘new state capitalism’, the impact of the US Biden Administration’s Inflation Reduction Act particularly and new geopolitics generally, and the dominance of multinational corporations in renewable industries.
Journal Article
Inequality and Prosperity
What are the relative merits of the American and European socioeconomic systems? Long-standing debates have heated up in recent years with the expansion of the European Union and increasingly sharp political and cultural differences between the United States and Europe. In Inequality and Prosperity, Jonas Pontusson provides a comparative overview of the two major models of labor markets and welfare systems in the advanced industrial world: the \"liberal capitalist\" system of the United States and Britain and the \"social market\" capitalism of northern Europe. These two models balance concerns of efficiency and equity in fundamentally different ways. In the 1990s the much-heralded forces of globalization (together with demographic changes and attendant political pressures) seemed to threaten the very existence of the social-market economies of Europe. Were the social compacts of Sweden and Germany outmoded? Would varieties of capitalism remain possible, or were labor-market and social-welfare arrangements converging on the U.S. norm? Pontusson opposes the notion of inevitable convergence: he believes that social-market economies can survive and indeed flourish in the contemporary world economy. He bases his argument on an enormous amount of highly specialized research on eighteen countries, using national-level data for the last thirty years. Among the areas he explores are labor-market dynamics, income distribution, employment performance, wage bargaining, firm-level performance, and the changing possibilities for the welfare state.
eBook
Global capitalist crisis and the second great Depression
In this comprehensive work, Armando Navarro delivers a timely analysis of the global capitalist crisis that has arisen in the United States. Navarro offers a wide-ranging political historical analysis of events the led up to the present co-called “Second Great Depression.” Starting with the end of World War II, he tracks the various political and economic decisions that have led to the emergence of the global economic crisis that began in 2006. He provides context for the current economic situation by discussing the major economic and political events, including the Great Depression, the New Deal, the rise of neo-liberal capitalism, and the collapse of the subprime mortgage industry. Navarro incisively reviews and critiques the Obama administration and Democrats’ quasi-welfare capitalist legislation. Driven by social democratic models, he constructs a transformative social movement paradigm that calls for the rise of reform and proposes dramatic systemic change. Navarro concludes by looking at the U.S. political culture—what he contends is the major obstacle to the rise of “socialism” in the United States—and speculates about the potentially bleak economic future to come.
eBook
Incomplete Transition – Is there a “Mid-Transition Trap”?
The subject of this paper is the analysis of the classification of economic systems. The traditional classifications of capitalist, socialist centrally planned, and socialist market systems, and the newer classification of variants of capitalism into the Anglo-Saxon, European continental, and Asian models, are inadequate to explain new phenomena in a globalized economy. After the collapse of central planning, countries in transition became a category describing processes of deep socio-economic transformation. These transition countries aspired to meet the standards of developed European market economies, as well as governance standards regarding democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. A new classification of economic systems by Balcerowicz (2014) combines the traditional classification of economic systems with the characteristics of well-governed democratic societies in order to come up with a matrix that shows the interaction of economic system characteristics and governance outcomes.This paper builds on Balcerowicz’s classification by introducing and delineating the categories of state capitalism, crony capitalism, and state capture in order to provide a new classification of economic systems. It uses these concepts to empirically analyze the transition countries, with special reference to states aspiring to EU membership and the new EU member states. The methodology used is analytical and empirical. The results find that the transition is incomplete, especially in terms of governance, leading to the hypothesis of a ‘mid-transition trap’, similar to the much discussed ‘middle-income trap’. The results should lead to further, more refined research.
Journal Article