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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) have become prevalent in industry and play an essential role in managing industrial processes, automation systems, and renewable energy sources due to their superior efficiency, torque, and power density. However, because it operates like a non‐linear system with quick dynamics, variable parameters during operation, and unknown disturbances, PMSM presents challenges for machine control. Non‐linear controls are required to account for the non‐linearities of the permanent magnet synchronous machine. Recently, predictive control techniques for non‐linear multi‐variable systems have gained popularity. In this work, a novel approach to robust non‐linear generalized predictive control (RNGPC) has been developed for PMSM, with the aim of tracking the reference speed while maintaining minimum reactive power, robustness to external disturbances, and parameter uncertainties. A new finite horizon cost function is integrated, with an integral action introduced in the control law. The main advantage of this technique is that it does not require the measurement and observation of external disturbance as well as parametric uncertainties. The control strategy method has been tested in the MATLAB/Simulink environment with various operating conditions. The results showed good robustness against parameter changes and ensured fast convergence. In this work, a new approach of robust non‐linear generalized predictive controller (RNGPC) has been developed for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). The control objective is tracking the reference speed while maintaining minimum reactive power and robustness to external disturbances and parameter uncertainties.

Multiphase electrical machines are advantageous for many industrial applications that require a high power rating, smooth torque, power/torque sharing capability, and fault-tolerant capability, compared with conventional single three-phase electrical machines. Consequently, a significant number of studies of multiphase machines has been published in recent years. This paper presents an overview of the recent advances in multiphase permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) and drive control techniques, with a focus on dual-three-phase PMSMs. It includes an extensive overview of the machine topologies, as well as their modelling methods, pulse-width-modulation techniques, field-oriented control, direct torque control, model predictive control, sensorless control, and fault-tolerant control, together with the newest control strategies for suppressing current harmonics and torque ripples, as well as carrier phase shift techniques, all with worked examples.

This paper presents research on an unconventional electric machine. It is a hybrid excited machine which includes the features of three types of machines: the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, the Synchronous Machine, and the Synchronous Reluctance Machine. Therefore, a broad literature review related to the above-mentioned types of machines was constructed. The well-known Permanent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine joins features of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine and Synchronous Reluctance Machine topologies. This paper shows the results of the innovative design of the Hybrid Excited Permanent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine, which additionally has advantages of the Synchronous Machine. In the article the basic methods of electromagnetic flux control and the designs using them are also presented. Finally, the results of simulation studies of the effect of the stator skew on the machine performance are described.

The demand for electric machines has been rising steadily for several years—mainly due to the move away from the combustion engine. Synchronous motors with rare earth permanent magnets are widely used due to their high power densities. These magnets are cost-intensive, cost-sensitive and often environmentally harmful. In addition to dispensing with permanent magnets, electrically excited synchronous machines offer the advantage of an adjustable excitation and, thus, a higher efficiency in the partial load range in field weakening operation. Field weakening operation is relevant for the application of vehicle traction drive. The challenge of this machine type is the need for an electrical power transfer system, usually achieved with slip rings. Slip rings wear out, generate dust and are limited in power density and maximum speed due to vibrations. This article addresses an electrically excited synchronous machine with a wireless power transfer onto the rotor. From the outset, the machine is designed with a wireless power transfer system for use in a medium-sized electric vehicle. As an example, the requirements are derived from the BMW’s i3. The wireless power transfer system is integrated into the hollow shaft of the rotor. Unused space is thus utilized. The overall system is optimized for high efficiency, especially for partial load at medium speed, with an operation point-depending optimization method. The results are compared with the reference permanent magnet excited machine. A prototype of the machine is built and measured on the test bench. The measured efficiency of the inductive electrically excited synchronous machine is up to 4% higher than that of the reference machine of the BMW i3.

This paper presents a rigorous modeling of the “Double-Star Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine – Static Converter” (DS-PMSM) system operating in generator mode. The model is based on Concordia and Park transformations to express electrical quantities in a rotating reference frame, thereby simplifying dynamic analysis. The double-star structure enables independent control of the two stator sets, optimizing energy production and the regulation of active (P) and reactive (Q) power. The static converter is modeled using a behavioral approach based on dual three-phase inverters. The fundamental equations (flux, voltage, torque) are developed in both abc and dq reference frames. This modeling framework provides a solid foundation for implementing robust control strategies and optimized energy injection into the grid.

In the quest of improving the frequency response capability of wind turbines, control solutions trying to emulate synchronous machines have been proposed. While their performance in terms of frequency support is relatively good, they may trigger torsional oscillations, cause fatigue and damage in the drivetrain, and reduce its lifetime. In this paper, the torsional oscillations caused by a virtual synchronous machine (VSM)‐based frequency controller are illustrated, and methods for damping them are introduced. Two torsional oscillation damping methods are compared and combined to derive an improved method. Dynamic simulation results show better damping performance from the combined damping method.

Abstract The gradual increase of the penetration rate of new energy connected to the grid leads to the reduction of inertia and damping of the grid, which consequently diminishes the stability of the power system. In response to the above problems, this paper proposed an active support grid-connected power generation system based on new energy and permanent generator-motor pairs. Firstly, the basic power generation principle of the motor was introduced, and the damping characteristics of the system were analysed. Then, the multi-mode control method of the system was introduced, including permanent magnet synchronous motor control and grid connection control. The experimental results of the system in actual photovoltaic stations show that this system has functions such as green power generation, frequency support, voltage support and reactive power regulation, which can improve the stability of new energy power generation systems.

A comparative thermal performance study is carried out on an induction machine (IM) and an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (i‐PMSM) for electric vehicle applications under the standardized Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET) and Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) Class 3 drive cycles, using ANSYS Motor‐CAD in this paper. To allow a fair comparison of steady state and transient thermal behavior, identical cooling boundary conditions were set while considering a consistent electromagnetic thermal modeling framework. The results show that i‐PMSM has lower total losses (2.265 kW) than the IM (3.37 kW) under representative drive cycle operating conditions, since there are no rotor copper losses involved. In the case of operation during WLTP Class 3, peak stator winding temperatures reached 173.3°C and 133.6°C for the IM and i‐PMSM, respectively, with substantially larger thermal stresses in the IM. From this, it can be seen that the transient thermal response exhibited by i‐PMSM was much smoother, with reduced temperature oscillations under dynamic loading, whereas the thermal fluctuation of the IM was significant during frequent acceleration and deceleration events. Although peak efficiency regions above 97% have been observed in both machines at specific torque–speed combinations, drive‐cycle‐integrated loss behavior has shown that i‐PMSM maintains lower overall thermal burden across the investigated operating conditions. These findings consequently bring to the fore the importance of drive cycle dependent thermal evaluation in electric vehicle motor selection and reveal that while the IM has strong benefits regarding robustness and cost, i‐PMSM will have superior thermal efficiency and stability during realistic driving scenarios. The presented comparative framework offers practical insights into traction motor design and technology selection in electric vehicle applications. Thermal analysis of machines.

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of fault diagnosis and fault tolerant approaches for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). PMSMs are prominent in the pervading usage of electric motors, for their high efficiency, great robustness, reliability and low torque inertia. In spite of their extensive appliance, they can be quite non-resilient and inadequate in operation when faults appear in motor drive apparatus such as inverters, stator windings, sensors, etc. These may lead to insulation failure, torque fluctuations, overcurrent or even system collapse. On that account, fault diagnosis and fault tolerant methods are equipped to enhance the stability and robustness in PMSMs. Progressive methodologies of PMSM fault diagnosis and tolerance are classified, discussed, reviewed and compared in this paper, beginning with mathematical modeling of PMSM and then scrutinizing various fault conditions in PMSMs. Finally, the scope of research on the topic is highlighted. The contribution of this review is to emphasize optimistic schemes and to assist researchers with the latest trends in this field for future directions.

In this paper, the performances of a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and a wound field synchronous machine (WFSM) are compared to highlight their respective advantages and characteristics.This study focuses on two 1kW synchronous machines with a 9/10 structure (9 stator poles and 10 rotor poles) with identical stator geometries, the first one excited by permanent magnets and the second excited by an electromagnetic field. The paper includes detailed descriptions of the electrical machines and their parameters. The analysis was performed by using the ANSYS Motor-CAD software to evaluate the performance of the two machines. Simulation results using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are analyzed, and conclusions are presented. Key performance characteristics, such as output power, developed torque, cogging torque, and efficiency, were compared. The study indicated that PMSM with permanent magnets on the rotor surface (SPM) offers higher performance but at a higher manufacturing cost, while the WFSM presents a more cost-effective solution with slightly lower overall performance.